1、考研英语一真题及答案2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points).In 1924 Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experime
2、nts at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting_1_ workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended _2_ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon
3、 changed subjects behavior.The idea arose because of the _4_ behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to _5_ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_ what was done in the experiment; _7_something was changed,
4、 productivity rose. A(n) _8_ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be _9_ to alter workers behavior _10_itself.After several decades, the same data were _11_ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12_the descriptions on record, no systematic _13_ wa
5、s found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to _14_ interpretation of what happed. _15_, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output _16_rose compared with
6、the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. _18_, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers _19_ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before _20_ a plateau and then slackenin
7、g off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down.1. A affected B achieved C extracted D restored2. A at B up C with D off3. A truth B sight C act D proof4. A controversial B perplexing C mischievous D ambiguous5. A requirements B explanations C accounts D assessments6. A co
8、nclude B matter C indicate D work7. A as far as B for fear that C in case that D so long as8. A awareness B expectation C sentiment D illusion9. A suitable B excessive C enough D abundant10. A about B for C on D by11. A compared B shown C subjected D conveyed12. A contrary to B consistent with C par
9、allel with D peculiar to13. A evidence B guidance C implication D source14. A disputable B enlightening C reliable D misleading15. A In contrast B For example C In consequence D As usual16. A duly B accidentally C unpredictably D suddenly17. A failed B ceased C started D continued20. A breaking B cl
10、imbing C surpassing D hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers d
11、uring the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be f
12、ound in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publica
13、tion in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publication
14、s in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest New
15、man, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define journalism as a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.”Unfortunately, these critics
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