初中宾语从句Word下载.docx

1、（3）以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 。eg I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .3宾语从句的时态 （1）当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时eg I want to know what time he got up this morning.You are telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow?（2）当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关

2、的时态。eg They asked what Jean was doing now .Linda said that the train had left.（3）当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.Polly said no news is a good news注意：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用 whether 不用 ifeg, We are talking about whether well

3、 go on the pinic.2.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用 whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?3.if 当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用 whether. eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1.The teacher asked the students .A.if they were interest

4、ed in dinosaursB.when was Albert Einstein bornC.what they will do with the computersD.how many trees they have planted解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案 B 首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案 C 和 D,答案 A 中的 if 意为如果.应选 A2.Could you tell me ?A.what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with you C.whats the matter

5、with you D. whats the wrong with you .what 就是从句的主语，whats the matter with you 本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉 A; 主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案B; wrong 前不用加the, 因此此题选 C. 3.He asked me I could sing the song My Heart will Go On.A. if B. weather C.what D. that此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词， 故删去 D；weather 意为天气，根据句意应选A.4.Our teacher told us t

6、hat the moon round the earth.A. went B. turned C.go D. turns从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。 应选 D5.It makes no difference .A.whether will you come tomorrow.B.Whether or not will be pass the examC.If he will come to the meeting or notD.Whether he will come to the meeting or not答案 A 和 B 从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if 不能与 not

7、 连用。因此此题选 D6.They dont know their parents are. A.that B. what C. why D. which解析：what 表示职业， 因此选 B.7.I am sure you said is true.A.what B. that C. which D. who根据句意应用 what , 做 said 的内容， 你所说的话。应选 A.8.The old man told us and .A.to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do itC.what to do, how to do i

8、t D. what to do , how to do 疑问词 what 即连接不定式，又做 do 的宾语； 而在 how 引导的不定式短语中， how 表示方式，do 为及物动词， 因此需接宾语才正确二、基础模块1.基本结构：是在主句与从句之间有一个引导词，其结构为“主语+谓语动词+引导词+主语+谓语+其它”。2.三种宾语从句及宾语从句的引导词1）以 that 引导的宾语从句。当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，（直接引语变间接引语）用 that 引导，that 无词义，不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：She said （that） she would leave the book on

9、 his desk.她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。注意不能省略 that 的情况：1.从句的主语是 that 时，that 不能省略；1.He thought that that was a washing machine.他认为那是一台洗衣机。2.主从句之间有插入语时，that 不能省略；2.It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的。3.若出现两个或两个以上的 that 宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词 that 可以省去，其余保留；3.My aunt said （that） she w

10、ould come and that she would also bring herdaughter.我姑姑说她要来，还要带她的女儿来。4.that 引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时，that 不能省。4.I think that if you have lost the library book,you must pay for it.后边不能直接跟 that 从句的动词这类动词有 allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn, celebrate, dislike,love,help,take,forgive 等。这类词后可以用不定式或动

11、名词作宾语，但不可以用 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：I admire their winning the match.（）I admire that they won the match.（）不可用 that 从句作直接宾语的动词:有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that 从句“结构中，常见的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,advise,congratulate 等。He impressed the manager as an honest man.（）He impressed the manager that he was a

12、n honest man.（2）以 if 和 whether 引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，用 if 或 whether 来引导从句，意为“是否”。Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.艾丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。在下列几种情况下，只能用 whether,不能用 if:1.当 or not 紧随连词之后时。I dont know whether or not he will come on time.我不知道他能否按时来。2.从句用作介词宾语时。I am interested in

13、whether he joined the army. 我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。3.在带 to 的动词不定式前。She doesnt know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV athome.她不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。4.当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。Whether this is true or not,Im not sure. 这是否真实， 我不敢肯定3）以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词用作连接代（副）词引导，它们在宾语从句中充当一定成分，因此不能省略。连接代词 what,whic

14、h,who（m）,whose 和连接副词 when,where,why,how 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。1）.He wondered what had happened to her。（作主语）2）.Did you hear what he said?你听见他说的话了吗？（作宾语） 3）.I dont know whose that is.我不知道那是谁的。（作表语）4）.Could you tell me how I get to the post office?你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？（作状语）4宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语