《西方文化概论》教学大纲Word文件下载.docx

1、本课程着重介绍西方人文思想传统的发展情况， 从古典西方文化到中世纪文化， 到文艺复兴文化， 到 17 世纪， 18 世纪文化， 再到西方现代文化。 介绍仅局限于一些基本常识， 为学生了 解西方文化提供一个重要基础。 如果有学生对某些具体领域感兴趣可找一些参考书看， 进一步地充实自己。三、 相关课程的衔接预修课程（编号）： 无特别要求并修课程（编号）：四、 教学的目的， 要求与方法（一） 教学目的通过本课程的学习， 使学生比较系统的掌握西方文化的发展（从西方古典文化到西方现代文化）。（二） 教学要求全面了解西方文化的发展史。 对西方文化发展的各个历史时期有比较清楚的概念： 如西方古典文化， 犹太

2、和基督教文化， 中世纪文化， 文艺复兴， 启蒙运动等。 对重要的思想流派，文学流派有所了解： 如浪漫主义， 现实主义， 自然主义， 新古典主义， 现代派和后现代派等。对一些有影响的思想和理论也要有所了解： 如古典主义， 德国古典哲学， 马克思主义， 达尔文主义， 实证主义， 功利主义， 实用主义， 弗洛伊德精神分析等。（三） 教学方法课程讲授为主， 组织讨论， 利用网络。五、 教学内容及学时分配Chapter one: Ancient Greek Culture （3 学时）1. 1 The foundation of Greek cultureCretan cultureMycenaean

3、cultureThe Greek RenaissanceThe Polis1.2 Classical cultureThe challenge of Persia The supremacy of AthensMythology and religionPhilosophyLiteratureArt and scienceMain points: the burst of creative energy; the unprecedented, unduplicated, artistic andintellectual achievements.Chapter two: Ancient Rom

4、an Culture （3 学时）2.1 The founding of Rome2.2 The early expansion and the Age of Imperialism2.3 Roman Constitution2.4 Roman cultureFamily lifeReligionArt and architecture2.5 The Roman Revolution and the warlords2.6 The fall of Rome the conquests; the constitution; the development of architecture base

5、d on Greekartists.Chapter three: Jewish culture and the Old Testament （3 学时）3.1 Jewish history3.2 Jewish culture3.3 The completion of the Old Testament3.4 The contents of the Old TestamentPentateuchProphetsHagiographa and Apocrypha the influence of Jewish culture; its contribution to western culture

6、; the relationshipbetween Jewish culture and Christianity.Chapter 4: Christianity and the New Testament （4 学时）4.1 The birth of ChristianityThe Roman rule and the oppressionThe combination of Jewish culture with classical culture4.2 The development of ChristianityThe sectsPaul and his missionThe Chur

7、ch of the Roman EmpireThe PersecutionsThe conversion of ConstantinePrincipal doctrines4.3 The Christian schism and its principal factionsThe first split: The Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Eastern Church The second split: Martin Luthers Reformation and the Protestantism4.4 The completion of

8、the New TestamentMain Points: the spread of Christianity; the history of ChristianityChapter Five: The Middle Ages ant Germanic Culture （4 学时）5.1 The invasion of the barbarians5.2 The backward Germanic culture5.3 The Charlemagne Empire and its breakup5.4 The Carolingian cultureThe Northern mythsThe

9、Charlemagne legends5.5 Byzantine cultureNeoplatonismChristian culture5.6 Medieval social ideologyScholasticismAnti-Scholastic philosophy5.7 Medieval art and architectureRomanesque styleGothic style The influence of the Germanic culture; the cultural dominance of feudalism andthe Church.Chapter Six:

10、Culture during the Renaissance （4 学时）6.1 Background to the RenaissanceThe corruption of the ChurchThe appearance of a new class, BourgeoisieThe oppression of feudal lords6.2 Features of the Renaissance6.3 Flourishing of culture6.4 Religious ReformationMartin Luthers religious reformCalvinism6.5 Achi

11、evements in natural science6.7 Beginning of modern Philosophy humanist spirit reflected in every aspect of life; artistic and intellectualachievements; religious reformation; the beginning of modern history.Chapter Seven: Culture in the Enlightenment （4 学时）7.1 the development of capitalism7.2 the co

12、ntinuous fight against feudal ideas and theological ideas7.3 representative figures of the EnlightenmentVoltaire MontesquieuRousseau7.4 the French Encyclopaedia7.5 literature during the Enlightenment the emphasis of reason; the great thinkers of the time; the “enlighten literature”.Chapter Eight: Ro

13、manticism, Realism and naturalism （4 学时）8.1 RomanticismThe birth of RomanticismCharacteristics of RomanticismThe Romanticist school and its achievements8.2 RealismSocial and political backgroundDefinition and performance of RealismRealist novelsRealist paintings8.3 NaturalismThe birth of naturalismR

14、epresentative novelists of naturalismNaturalist art the three intellectual movements; their characteristics; the importantrepresentatives; their contribution to western culture.Chapter Nine: Ideology and philosophy during the 18 th and 19 th centuries （4 学时）9.1 English UtilitarianismSocial and economic backgroundJeremy BenthamJohn Stuart Mill9.2 German social and philosophical ideasBackgroundKants dualist philosophy and social thinkingHegels system of idealist philosophyNiet