土木工程研究生复试专业英语练习题Word格式文档下载.doc

1、A. beam B. columnC. brick D. bridge3. In modern road constructions, powerful modern machines are employed to move mountains and fill valleys to make the （ ） as direct as possible.A. routes B. rootsC. surfaces D. lane4. Between the buildings （ ）a primary school.A. stand B. stands C. to stand D. stand

2、ing5. Tensile failure of （ ） concrete happens easily and involves progressive micro-cracking.A. forced B. reinforcedC. steel D. unreinforced6. （ ） concrete is used only for footings and concrete slabs laid on the ground, and for other massive structures.C. steel D. Plain7.The laws that （ ）how the bu

3、ildings maybe made are building codes.A. tell B. tells C. told D. telling8. The steel bars in concrete take the （ ）component of the bending moment.A. shear B. compressiveC. tensile D. draw9.It is expensive （ ）future cities on the sea.A. build B. built C. to build D. builds10. Cracks would not only b

4、e unsightly but would （ ） the steel bars to corrosion by moisture and other chemical action.A. adopt B. expose C. employ D.make11. The（ ）cements are widely used on the construction site.A. above-mentioned B. above-mentioningC. above-mention D. above-mentions12. Besides its ability to sustain loads,

5、concrete is also required to be （ ）.A. capable B. considerableC. durable D. beautiful13. It is our duty to （ ）the specification . A. comply with B. complete C. know D. make14. Concrete is （ ） a porous material.A. nature B. inherentlyC. made D. not15. Conclusions can be （ ） from the above discussion.

6、A. drawn B. tensileC. towed C. looked二、单词填空（共10空；每空2分，满分20分）1. The Romans bound their empire together with an extensive system of roads radiating in many directions from Rome.2. Portland cement must pass a series of chemical and physical tests before it can be shipped.3. Concrete consists of water ,

7、 cement , aggregate and sand .（admixture）4. A simple contract consists of an agreement entered into by two or more parties.5. The presence of cracks in concrete reduces its resistance to the action of corrosion of reinforced bars.6. Concrete is a widely used material in numerous civil engineering st

8、ructures三、英译中（短句翻译，共10句， 每句2分， 满分20分）1. Later in history, when well-traveled routes were made sturdier with rocks and stones, the path was raised above the surrounding land, it became a “high way”.史上记载，当交通量大的道路用更坚实的岩石和石头来建造，且路面被建在路基上，它就变成了一条“高速公路”。2. The various components of a mix are proportioned

9、so that the resulting concrete has adequate strength, proper workability for placing and low cost.各种成分按比例混合以便所得到的混凝土有足够的强度、合理的浇筑流动性和较低的成本。3. Due to the ability of concrete to be cast on site it allows to be used in different shapes in structures.因为混凝土具有现场浇注的性能，所以它被允许用于各种形状的结构。4. The first step in bu

10、ilding a road is to plan the route. Sometimes the route has been decided by the nature of the land, but today nature can often be conquered.建造一条道路的第一步是制定好路线。有时是由大自然的土地所决定的，但是当今大自然通常可以被征服。5. In addition to the main components of concretes, admixtures are often used for special purposes.除了混凝土的主要成分之外，混

11、合剂常用于特殊用途。6. The chemical tests constitute, in effect, a chemical analysis to determine whether the various strength-giving compounds appear in proper quantity, and if there are excessive amounts of certain undesirable substances.实际上，化学测试的目的包括一个化学分析，以确定各种强度的混合物是否合理，以及它们是否含有过多的杂质。7. High or low tempe

12、ratures and high or low humidity in themselves do not cause significant damage to building materials, but changes in temperature and humidity do.高或低的温度或湿度的高低本身不会引起建筑材料重大的破坏，但会受温度、湿度影响而发生变化。8. Curing is the term given to the protection of the concrete during the early stages of hardening, when it req

13、uires additional moisture for the continuing hydration of the cement.养护是指当混凝土在硬化凝结的初期需要额外的水分不断进行水泥的水化反应时对其进行保护的过程。9. The business man concerned with contracts will normally learn about their contents, and the precise but intricate mode of expression that is common to them and to all legal documents,

14、 in his own language.商人签订合同一般都会熟悉合同的内容，他们会用自己的语言和准确且复杂难懂的表达方式制定所有合法的文件。10. Contractors are usually unwilling to enter into any entire contracts, other than the very smallest, unless provision is made for interim payments to them as the work proceeds.除了非常小的合同之外，承包商通常是不愿意签订任何一整套的合同的，除非有条款规定随着工程的进行，业主将付给他们相应的报酬。四、英译中（短文翻译，共2篇，每篇10分，满分20分）1、 The railway of Qingzang begin from Xiningthe capital of Q