当代研究生英语读写教程上Unit1课文+翻译.docx

1、当代研究生英语读写教程上Unit1课文+翻译Unit 1：cyberspace ：if you dont love it ,leave it 信息空间：出入随愿1 something in the American psyche loves new frontiers. 美国人的内心深处具有一种酷爱探索新领域的气质。We hanker after wide-open spaces ;we like to explore ;we like to make rules but refuse to follow them .我们渴求宽敞的场地，我们喜欢探索，喜欢制定规章制度，却不愿去遵守。But i

2、n this age its hard to find a place where you can go and be yourself without worrying about he neighbours .在当今时代，却很难找到一块空间，可以供你任意驰骋，又不必担心影响 你的邻居。2 There is such a place : cyberspace . 确实有这样一个空间，那就是信息空间。Formerly a playground for computer fans ,cyberspace . Formely a playground for computer fans ,cybe

3、rspace now embraces every conceivable constituency : school children , flirtatious ,singles ,Hungarian-Americans, accountants .这里原本是计算机迷的游戏天地，但如今只要想像得到的各类人群应 有尽有，包括少年儿童、轻佻的单身汉、美籍匈牙利人、会计等。Can they all get along ?Or will our fear of kids surfing for dirty pictures behind their bedroom doors provoke a

4、crackdown ?问题是他们都能和睦相处吗?人们是否会因为害怕 孩子们躲在卧室里看网上的淫秽图片而将它封杀?3 The first order of business is to grasp what cyberspace is . 首先要解决的问题是，什么是信息空间。It might help to leave beind metaphors of highways and frontiers and to think instead of real estate . 我们可以抛开高速公路、前沿新领域等比喻，把信息空间看作一个巨 大的庄园。Real estate ,remember ,i

5、s an intellectual ,legal ,artificial environment constructed on top of land. 请记住，庄园是人们智慧的结晶，是合法的、人工营造的氛围，它建立在土地之上。Real estate recognizes the difference between parkland and shopping mall ,between red-light zone and school district ,between church ,state and drugstore . 在庄园里，公园和 商业中心、红灯区与学校、教堂与杂货店都能区

6、分开来。4 in the same way , you could think of cyberspace as a giant and unbounded world of virtual real estate . 你可以用同样的方法把信息空间想像为一个巨大的、无边无际的虚拟庄园。Some property is privatedly owned and rented out ; other property is common land ; some places are suitable for children , and others are best avoided by all

7、 citizens .其中有些房产为私人拥有并已租出， 有些是公共场所；有的场所适合儿童出入，而有些地方人们最好避开。 Unfortunately ,its those places that are now capturing the popular imagination ,plaecs that offer bombmaking instructions ,pornography, advice on how to steal credit cards . 不幸的是，正是这些应该避开的地方使得人 们心向神往。这些地方教唆你如何制造炸弹、为你提供淫秽材料、告诉你如何窃取信用卡。They m

8、ake cyberspace sound like a nasty place . Good citizens jump to a conclusion : Better regulate it . 所有这些使信息空间听 起来像是一个十分肮脏的地方。5 But before using regulations to counter indecency ,it is fundamental to interpret the nature of cyberspace . 正直的公民纷纷作出这样的结论：最好对它严加管理。但是，在利用规章制度来反击下流之举之前，关键是从根本上理解信息空间的性质。 Cy

9、berspace isnt a frontier where wicked people can grab unsuspecting children ,nor is it a giant television system that can beam offensive messages at unwilling viewers .恶棍并不能在信息空间抢 走毫无提防之心的儿童；信息空间也不像一台巨大的电视机，向不情愿的观众播放令人作呕的节目。 In this kind of real estate ,users have to choose where they visit ,what th

10、ey see ,what they do .Its optiona .在信息空间这 座庄园里，用户对他们所去之处、所见所闻、所做所为都要作出选择，一切都出于自愿。In other words,cyberspace is a voluntary destination -in reality ,many destinations .换句话说，信息空间是个 出入自便的地方，实际上，信息空间里有很多可去之处。You dont just get onto the Net ;you have to go someplace in particular . 人们不能盲目上网，必须带着具体的目标上网。Tha

11、t means that people can choose where to go and what to see .这意味着 人们可以选择去哪个网址、看什么内容。Yes , community standards should be enforced ,but those standards set by cyberspace communities themselves ,not by the courts or by politicians in Washington . 不错，规章制度应该在群体内得以实施，但这些规章制度必须由信息空间 内各个群体自己来制定，而不是由法庭或华盛顿的政客

12、们来制定。6 what makes cyberspace so alluring is precisely the way in which its different from shopping malls , television ,highways and other terrestrial jurisdictions. 信息空间之所以具有如此大的诱惑力，正是因为它不同于商场、电视、公路或地球上的其他地方。But lets define the territor: 那么，让我们 来描述一下这个空间。 7 First ,there are private e-malil conversat

13、ions ,similar to the conversations you have over the teleophone . These are private and consensualand require no regulation at all . 首先，信息空间里人与人之间可以进行电子邮件交流。这种交流类似于电话交谈，都是私 人之间的、两相情愿的谈话，不需要任何规章制度加以限制。8 Second , there are information and entertainment services , where people can download anytihing fr

14、om legal texts and lists of great new restaurants to game software or dirty pictures . 其次，信息空间提供信息与娱乐服务。人们可以从中下载各种信息，从法律文件、 “大型新饭店”名单，到游戏软 件、下流图片，无奇不有。These places are like bookstores ,malls and movie houses -places where you go to buy something . 这里如同书店、商场和电影院，属购物区域。The customer needs to request an

15、 item or sign up for a subscription; stuff (especially pornography ) is not sent out to people who dont ask for it .顾客必须通过索求或者登记来购物，物品(特 别是淫秽之物)不会发送给那些没有索取的人。Some of these services are free or included as part of a broader service like ComputerServe or America Online ; 有些服务可以免费，或作为总服务费用的一部分计算，如“计算机服

16、 务”和“美国在线”就是如此。others charge may and may bill their customers directly .而有些服务要向顾客收费，而且可能会让顾客直接支付账单。9 Third ,there are real communities -groups of people who communicate among themselves . 第三，信息空间里还有真正意义上的群体，那就是在内部互相交流思想的人群。 In real-estate terms ,theyre like bars or restaurants or bathhouses . Each active participate contributes to a general conversation