wouldrather和preferto的用法总结概要.docx

1、wouldrather和preferto的用法总结概要would rather的用法(美国英语中多用had rather )一、概述。1.含义。“宁愿/可,更/最好,还是为好”。2.用法。常+V原,常省略为d rather,表优先选择的一种方式 。无人称,数,词性,时态变化,所有的人称情况均用would rather.3.否定形式。would rather not do sth。例: Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music4.would /had在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词。If youd rather be alone, well

2、all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。 二、扩展。1.在两者中取舍,表“宁愿而不愿/与其宁可”时，则可用would ratherthan或wouldrather than句型. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 2.也可以颠倒为：rather thanwould 例：Rather than

3、 work in such bad condition, he would give up3.Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选同一动词,那么than 后的动词可以省略。 例: I would rather have noodles than rice.4.要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个n、两个不定式、两个介短等。 例: I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his fath

4、er. 5.在疑问句式中，短语中的would要放在主语之前。 例: Would you rather stay here or go home? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas?三、would rather+从句，常用的虚拟语气句型,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。 其意为“宁愿,还是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。 例: John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than

5、today. 句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来.注意:如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。 此时，主句一般为I had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。 Would rather you had not done that. 如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例: I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 四、would rather/sooner和prefer/would pref

6、er的区别。 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。 例:Tom would rather/sooner read than talk./ Tom prefers reading to talking注意:would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。 有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。 例: He prefers wine to beer= He would rather drink wine than

7、beer 某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来： 例:He prefers dogs to cats./He would rather have dogs than cats.（很明显，这两句的意思并不完全相同。 ） would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。 例: Id rather fly than go by sea=Id prefer to fly 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。 这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样： 例: Would you like some gin？ Id prefer a

8、 coffee=Id rather have coffee than gin would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者带to。 例: We went by sea but Id rather have gone by air=Id prefer to have gone by air (我愿意乘飞机去，可我的愿望未能实现） 这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。rather than 用法小结 rather than 是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下： 1.

9、 rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。例如： Shed rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2. rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说

10、他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the

11、 great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则

12、只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。 More than的用法A. “More than名词”表示“不仅仅是” Modern science is more than a la

13、rge amount of information. Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. We need more than material wealth to build our country.建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富.B. “More than数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. Lets carry out the test with more than the sample copy.More than one perso

14、n has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议.C. “More than形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如： In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. I assure you I am more than glad to help you.D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”. 难以，完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词 can）-That is more tha

15、n I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.-That is more than I can tell. 那事我实在不明白。-The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的此外，“more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如： -More often than not （经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. -All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problemsmore.than 的用法1. 比多，比更He has more bo