1、一、该结构主要适用哪些名词能用于该结构的名词非常有限,常见的有admiration (羡慕),amazement (惊奇),a musement (娱乐),annoyance (烦恼),astonishment (惊奇),delight (欣喜),despa ir(绝望),disappointment(失望),embarrassment(难堪),happiness(幸福),horror (恐怖),joy (高兴),puzzlement (疑惑),regret (遗憾),relief (放心),satisfaction (满意),shame (羞愧),sorrow (悲伤),surprise (
2、惊讶)等。如:To my amazement, he arrived on time.令我惊异的是,他居然准时赶到了。To my great amusement his false beard fell off.使我感到极其好笑的是,他的假 胡子掉了下来。To his annoyance, he discovered they hadnt waited.他发现他们没有等他而感 到十分烦恼。To his no small astonishment the woman began to laugh.使他吃惊不小的是 这个女人竟开始笑了起来。To her embarrassment, she cou
3、ldnt remember his name.令她感至(J困窘的是, 她记不起他的名字了。To my shame I never thanked him for his kindness.我感到惭愧的是对他的好 意我从未表示过感谢。注:有时可将两个名词并列使用。To her surprise and joy, she was awarded first prize.使她又惊又喜的是,她获 得了一等奖。To her great disappointment and annoyance, she failed in the English exa mination again,使她极为失望和苦恼的
4、是,她的英语考试又没有及格。二、如何强调该结构的语气若要加强该结构的语气,通常有两种方式:1. 在名词前加great, deep, utter等形容词修饰。To our great delight the day turned out fine.使我们感到十分高兴的是,天气转 晴了。To my great disappointment I failed to get the job.我没得到那份工作,大为失 望。To his great disappointment, she wasnt on the train.令他大大失望的是她不 在那列火车上。To my utter delight he
5、 lent me the money I needed.使我十分高兴的是,他借 给了我需要的钱。To my deep indignation, he pretended not to know about it.使我十分愤慨 的是,他假装不了解此事。2. 在整个短语前加副词greatly, much等修饰。Greatly to my regret, I can not attend the party.很可惜的是,我无法参加聚会He has succeeded, much to the delight of his parents.他成功了,这使他父母 都非常高兴。Much to my sur
6、prise the door was unlocked.使我大为吃惊的是,门没有锁。Much to my regret I am unable to accept your invitation.彳艮抱歉,我不能接受 你的邀请。三、该结构在句中的位置该结构通常位于句首,但有时也可位于句末,甚至句中。He broke it, greatly to my annoyance.他打破了那东西,这使我非常气恼。I learned to my sorrow that he was killed in the accident.我获悉他在事故中 丧生而深感悲痛。I discovered to my hor
7、ror that my passport was missing.使我惊恐的是,我发 现我的护照不见了。The work was done to his own satisfaction, but in my opinion it was badl y done.这工作他做得很满意,但在我看来,却是做得很糟。四、该结构的变体该结构通常的变体是to the +情感名词+ of sb。To the surprise of everybody the man was the girls father.使大家吃惊的是, 这个人就是这个女孩的父亲。He fell in the water, much t
8、o the entertainment of the children.他掉进水 里,逗得孩子们乐不可支。To the delight of his proud parents,he has made a full recovery.令他自豪 的父母高兴的是,他完全恢复了。有这样一道单项选择题:, he found that they had already left.A. To their surpriseB. To their surprisingC. To his surpriseD. To his surprising该题究竟选哪一项呢?不少考生拿不定主意,以至随便乱猜。想要正确做出此
9、题,就必须搞清楚”to ones+情感名词”结构。在使用这种结构时,须注意以下几点:一、to ones*情感名词”结构中,表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的情感名词有:joy, anger(生气),surprise, pleasure, satisfaction(满意),regret(遗憾)等。这些情感名词在句子中只用单数形式。To our joy, we succeeded at last.令人高兴的是我们终于成功了。I thought he would be angry, but to my surprise, he smiled.我想他会生气的,但是想不到他笑了。二、”tooneK情感名词”是介词短
10、语用作结果状语,意为”令人(喜、怒、哀、乐)的”,其中to为介 词,意为”使、致使”。To my joy, he won the prize.他得了奖使我很高兴。To my regret, I cant accept your invitation.很遗憾,我不能接受你的邀请。三、“to orw,s+情感名词”中的onbs既可是形容词性物主代词,也可是名词所有格,但应注意:在使用 名词所有格时,需在其前加定冠词the。To the teachers surprise, Han Mei didnt take part in the sports meeting.使老师感到吃惊的是,韩梅没 有参加
11、运动会。注意:”to one*s+情感名词”中one*s为名词所有格时,这一结构可以改为”to the+情感名词+of”的结构,而意思不变。如:To the students surprise(=To the surprise of the student), she saw her English teacher on the screen. 那个学生感到惊奇的是,她在屏幕上看见了她的英语老师。四、”toone,s+情感名词”中的情感名词前可用great, deep等形容词修饰,以加强语气。To my great joy, he passed the examination.他考试及格使我大为高兴。To my deep regret, I couldnt see her off.没能为她送行,我深感遗憾。综上所述,我们不难确定上题正确答案应选C。
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