1、 英语专业本科2003级 学年第 二学期翻译(1)(2)课程大纲一、课程概况翻译课程类别:专业基础课 课程编号:,学 分:4 学 时:68 开课学期:五、六二、课程教学目标和要求1、教学目标通过本课程的教学,帮助学生有效提高翻译实践能力和理论认识,达到高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲对其翻译能力的基本要求,即:能运用翻译理论与技巧,将英美报刊上的文章以及文学原著译成汉语,或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章和一般文学作品译成英语,译文忠实、流畅,译速每小时个英文单词汉字,使之可以胜任未来的中学英语教学以及其他涉及翻译能力的工作。2、课程要求本课程为系列专业基础课,由英译汉和汉译英组成,要求学生按顺序修读。为
2、达到课程教学的目的,采用讲练结合的方式,布置相当数量的课后作业要求学生按时按量完成,并积极参与课堂讨论。三、教学内容与教学安排1、教学内容要点本课程教学以实践为主,理论为辅,重点是翻译技巧的介绍与练笔,翻译内容涉及各类文体、各个领域。课程安排按照讲练结合的原则展开,帮助学生有步骤有针对性地训练翻译的基本技能。通过大量的练习和讲评,强化学生对不同文本语体特点和翻译原则的认识,为其将来从事翻译工作或运用英语作为工作语言打下坚实的双语转换实践基础。2、教学安排本课程教学依据教学大纲,安排在本科三年级上、下两学期进行,共计68学时,其中36学时为英译汉,32学时为汉译英,每周2学时。教学计划允许授课教
3、师在具体操作中有一定的灵活度,但至少应包含以下3部分的主题内容:1)翻译概述(含翻译的标准、原则、过程、中外翻译简史及翻译名家的主要观点等);2)翻译技巧讲练(介绍主要的英汉互译技巧,结合学生的练笔进行讲评);3)多视角的翻译实践与研究(不同领域的翻译实践及其操作原则与技巧,如外来词翻译、报刊标题及新闻翻译、旅游翻译、科技翻译、广告翻译、文化与翻译等;在实践的基础上开始涉猎翻译的前沿理论,提高学生对翻译的理性认识,目的在于训练其解决问题的探索能力,为其将来从事翻译实践或理论研究开辟一个窗口)。四、教材及主要参考资料教材:毛荣贵:新世纪大学英汉翻译教程,上海交通大学出版社2002年版新世纪大学汉
4、英翻译教程,上海交通大学出版社2002年版主要参考资料:Newmark, P. A Textbook of Translation. Shanghai: SFLEP, 2001.Nida, E. A. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanghai: SFLEP, 1993.Nida, E. A. Language and Culture: Contexts in Translating. Shanghai:陈宏薇:新实用汉译英教程,湖北教育出版社2000年版冯庆华:实用翻译教程(英汉互译) ,上海外语教育出版社2002年版杨平:名作精译中国翻译英译汉
5、选萃,青岛出版社1998年版张培基:英汉翻译教程,上海外语教育出版社1980年版中国日报网站:汉英最新特色词汇,上海社会科学院出版社2002年版中国翻译杂志。五、作业与考核方式作业:相关翻译练习考核方式:课程考核以平时作业和期末闭卷考试相结合的方式,考核成绩由平时作业成绩(30%)和期末考试卷面成绩(70%)组成。Teaching Plan for Translation (1)Title of Lesson: A Brief Introduction to Translation Week 1 Time Needed:Two periods(40 minutes per period)Tea
6、ching Objectives:1Help the students achieve a basic understanding of translation: its nature, classification, evaluation criteria, the role of translator, etc.2Briefly introduce to the students the development of translation in China.Key Teaching Points:1The nature and evaluation criteria of transla
7、tion.2The difficulties involved in translating process.Difficult Teaching Points:1The nature of translation. 2The evaluation criteria of translation.3The influence of language cultural barriers on translation.Teaching Contents:I.Discussion:What is translation?What is a successful translation?What di
8、fficulties might occur in translating process?A.What is translation?1.Key words:source language(SL) receptor language target language(TL); reproduce; message information; equivalence correspondence 2.Nature of translation (Eugene A. Nida): Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language
9、 the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.3.Classification of translation:a.Oral interpretation written translationb.Human translation machine translationc.Literary scientific political commercial translationd.Domesticati
10、on (naturalization) foreignization (estrangement, alienation)e.Literal translation free translationB.What is a successful translation?1.严复:信、达、雅 (faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance)2.傅雷:以效果而论,翻译应当象临画一样,所求的不在形似而在神似3.钱钟书:诱、讹、化4.Eugene A. Nida: natural close; dynamicfunctional equivalenceC.What dif
11、ficulties might occur in translating process?1.Language Cultural BarriersTranslatability is lower when (1) the work to be translated is quite distant both in time and space; (2) its form is very much unique; (3) the content is not shared in the two cultures. Betrayal: Loss Distortion2.Example analys
12、is:a.东边日出西边雨,道是无晴却有晴。b.纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然The whole sky spangled gay twinkling stars, and the Milky Way is as distinct as though it washed and rubbed with snow for -widowed. Romeo and Juliet译文1:他要借你做牵引相思的桥梁 可是我却要做一个独守空闺的怨女而死去。译文2:他本要借你做捷径,登上我的床; 可怜我这处女,活守寡,到死是处女。3.In the long run there is a tendency: tran
13、slation itself can convert intranslatability into translatability.e.g. crocodiles tears; science democracyII.The Role of Translator:The craft of translator is deeply ambivalent; it is exercised in a radical tension between impulses to facsimile and impulses to appropriate recreation. George Steiner译
14、者的技艺是一个深刻的矛盾体。这种技艺是在两种冲动的极度张力之间形成的:一方面是依样画葫芦的冲动,另一方面又有适当再创作的冲动。A.Metaphors for translator:1.A courier of the spirits (普希金)2.A sculptor who tries to recreate a work of painting3.A straitjacketed dancer4.A musician an actor5.Traduttori-traditori (Translators are traitors.)B.Responsibility of translato
15、r:1.Competent linguistic ability & bicultural knowledge2.Being as transparent as possible3.Being a good negotiatorIII.The Development of Translation in China:翻译史上的三个高峰期:1.汉至唐宋佛经的转译:支谦;鸠摩罗什;道安;玄奘 2.明清以后西欧科技文化的引进:徐光启;严复;林纾;(译才并世数严林康有为)3.五四之后的现代阶段:郭沫若;鲁迅;瞿秋白;傅雷;钱钟书IV.Homework: 新世纪大学英汉翻译教程 (P. 46) Contrast between English and Chinese (1) Wee
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