机械英语2.docx

1、机械英语21.Some of the useful properties of ceramics and glasses include high melting temperature , low density , high strength , stiffness , hardness , wear resistance , and corrosion resistance.句意：高熔点、低密度、高强度、高刚度、高硬度、高耐磨性和抗腐蚀性是陶瓷和玻璃的一些有用特性。2.Centerless grinding involves passing a cylindrical workpiece

2、 , which is supported by a rest bland ,between two wheels i.e.,grinding wheel and the regulating or feed wheel.The grinding wheel does the actual grinding,while the regulating wheel is responsible for rotating the workpiece as well as generation the longitudinal feed.句意：无心磨削是用于圆柱形工件加工的，工件由托板支持，在两轮之间

3、，即砂轮和导轮或称进给轮之间通过。砂轮完成实际磨削，而导轮的作用是使工件旋转和产生轴向的进给。3.If a hard-grade wheel were to be used for grinding a hard material,the dull grains would not be pulled off from the bond quickly enough,thus impeding the self-dressing process of the surface of the wheel and finally resulting in clogging of the wheel

4、and burns on the ground surface.句意：如果使用硬砂轮磨削硬的材料，摩钝的磨粒就不能很快从粘结体上脱落，这样便于妨碍砂轮表面的自整修过程，最终导致砂轮的赌赛并在被磨表面留下灼斑。4.In practice,the only cutting tools that can be guided while actually cutting are drills,reamers,and similar cutters;and so jigs are associated with drilling operations,and fixtures with all othe

5、r operations.句意：实际上，在切削时唯一的能被引导的切削刀具是钻头，铰刀和类似的铣刀；因此钻模适用于钻削加工，而夹具则用在其他加工工艺中。5.This is the component in which a product is engineered,designed,tested through simulation,documented through drawing ,specifications,and other documentation tools such as part lists and bills of material.句意：在（CIM轮盘图的）这一部分，产

6、品通过仿真来制作，设计和测试；并通过图样，标准和其他文档编制工具如零件清单和物料清单来形成有关文件。6.Intelligent Manufacturing Technology (IMT)refers to simulating the human experts manufacturing intelligent activities via computer ,with a highly-flexible and highly-integrated manner in various components of manufacturing industry.It can perform a

7、nalysis ,judgement,inference,conceiving and decision-making on manufacturing problemsaiming at replacing or extending part of humans brainwork in the manufacturing environment and collecting ,storing ,improving,sharing,inheriting and developing human experts manufacturing intelligent.句意：智能制造技术是指在制造业

8、的各个环节以一种高度柔性和高度集成的方式，通过计算机来模拟人类专家的制造智能活动，从而对各种制造问题进行分析，判断，推理，构思和决策。旨在取代或延伸制造环境中人的部分脑力劳动，并对人类专家的制造智能进行收集，存储，完善，共享，继承和发展。Exercise 1一、利用词义引申、词量增减翻译方法，把下列句子翻译成中文1. Such particles are far too tiny to be seen with the strongest microscope. 这种粒子太小，即使用高倍的显微镜也看不出来。2. The running of such automated establishme

9、nts remains only a matter of reading various meters mounted on panels.管理这种自动化工厂只不过要求查看一下控制台上的各种仪表而而已。3. If iron is kept moist, running is rapid, which might lead us to think that water was the influence causing the corrosion.如果铁保持潮湿，就锈得快，这就是使我们认为水是引起腐蚀的原因。4. The shortest distance between raw materia

10、l and a finished part is casting.铸造是把原材料加工成成品的最简单方法。5. The increase in pressure with depth makes it difficult for a man to go very deep far below the water surface.压力深度的增加，这使得人潜和深水处很困难。6The force acting upon the ends p()must be equated to the longitudinal stress times the area over which the stress

11、acts.作用在端部的力p()应等于纵向应力与其作用面积的乘积7 Referring to Fig 2-38, We designate the inside radius of the cylinder by b, the outside radius by p, the internal pressure p, the external pressure by Po.设圆筒内半径为a，外半径为b，内压力为p，外压力Po，如图2-38所示。8. Materials to be used for structural purposes are chosen so as to behave el

12、astically in the environmental conditions.结构材料的选择应使其在外界条件中保持其弹性。9. The force upward equals the force downward so that the balloon stays at the level.向上的力与向下的力相等，所以气球就保持在这一高度。10. Very wonderful changes in matter take place before our eyes every day to which we pay little attention.我们几乎没有注意的很奇异的物质变化每天

13、都在眼前发生。Exercise 2一、利用词性转换法翻译下列各句1. There are different element in nature.自然界有各种不同的元素。2. Wood is not as dense as water and therefore it floats.木材的密度比水小,因而能浮在水面上。3. When the cancer cells have invaded surrounding tissue or have spread through the blood or lymph to other parts of the body, complete remo

14、val becomes impossible.在癌症细胞感染了周围组织或通过血管或淋巴扩散到全身后就不能完全割除了。4. Cotton and linen burn quickly and easily, and smell like burning paper.棉布和亚麻都是易燃，燃烧时产生的气味象烧纸一样。二、利用成分转换法翻译下列各句1 Nowadays, a typical radio transmitter has a power of 100 kilowatts so that it can broadcast information over a large area of in

15、fluence.如今一台常见的无线电发射机的、功率已达一百千瓦，因此它的传播范围很大。2 Bells telephone was a great attraction at the Centennial Exposition held in Philadelphia that year to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.同年，为纪念美国独立宣言发表一百周年而在费举行的百周年的博览会上，贝尔的电话机引起了人们的极大注意。3. A transistor radio is a less comp

16、licated structure than a TV.晶体管收音机的结构不象电视那样复杂。4. In any machine the work accomplished never exceeds the amount of work expended in working the machine.任何机器所完成的功永远还会超过开动机器所消耗的功。5. Power means the speed, or rate of doing work.功率的意思是作功的速度或速率。6. We have to oil the moving parts of machine, the friction of which may be greatly reduced.为显著减少摩擦，我们必须给机器运动部件加油。7. The cabl