高考英语二轮专题复习 并列句与状语从句讲义Word格式.docx

1、全国卷（宾语从句where;状语从句when）全国卷（宾语从句how;状语从句as）全国卷（状语从句as/when）新课标卷（并列句and）2016年四川（状语从句if）2016年天津（时间状语从句as）2016年江苏（让步状语从句）2016年北京（原因状语从句）2015年湖南（条件状语从句if）2015年广东（时间状语从句when）2015年四川（并列句but）2015年浙江（让步状语从句although）今后怎么考近年来,高考把并列句、状语从句作为考查的重中之重。并列句中对并列连词的考查,状语从句中对时间、条件状语从句的考查,这些考查都是常见的考查【考题导引】11.（2016四川改错）Mo

2、m has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the housework. _解析：so改为but此处表示转折,用并列连词but。22.（2016天津）_ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.As这里是as引导时间状语从句。3（2016江苏）_ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear

3、 of failure.While / Though / Although此处是让步状语从句,用While / Though / Although引导。4（2015重庆）If you miss this chance, it may be years _you get another one.beforeIt may be+时间段+before.表示“可能要多久才会”。5. （2015浙江）Just_ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a

4、 paragraph.解析as根据语境可知,这里是as引导方式状语从句,as意为“正如”。【知识梳理】一、并列句（一）并列句的4种类型1表并列、递进或顺承关系：and, both . and ., neither . nor ., not only . but also .The earth is one of the suns planets, and the moon is our satellite.地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。2表转折、对比关系：but, yet, whileThe problem was a little hard, yet I was able to

5、 work it out.这道题有点难，然而我却把它做出来了。The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。3表选择关系：or, otherwise, or else, either . or ., not . but .Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息，也可以去看电影。4表因果关系：so, for （表“由于”，一般不放在句首）He found it increasing

6、ly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。（二）并列句的2大句式1when “就在这时，突然”，常用以下句式sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when .某人正要做某事，突然sb. be doing sth. when .某人正在做某事，突然sb. had done sth. when .某人刚做完某事，突然One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend awa

7、y when my daughter heard cries for help. 当我们周五在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，妈妈就让她练习钢琴。2and与or/otherwise用于并列句祈使句and陈述句（and表示顺承关系）祈使句or/otherwise陈述句（or/otherwise表示转折关系）Find ways to praise your ch

8、ildren often, and youll find they will open their hearts to you.设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。Hurry up, or/otherwise you will be late for class.快点儿，否则你们上课就迟到了。二、状语从句（一）时间状语从句1when, while和as的用法连词含义及用法例句when“当时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生When you apply for a job, you must present you

9、r credentials.当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证书。while“当时候”，一般只可与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.客人们就要吃完的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。as“一边一边”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生As he grew older, he became less active.随着他逐渐长大，他变得不那么活泼了。名师指津：如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when,

10、while与as可互换使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.我正沿着大街走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。 2before与since的用法（1）before表示“在之前；还未就；还没来得及就”。常用于以下句型：It will be一段时间before . 多久之后才It wont be long before . 不久之后就It was一段时间before . 过了多久才John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his n

11、ew job.约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。（2）since的用法since表示“自从”，其引导的从句在句中作状语时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；从句常用一般过去时。I have returned home twice since I settled down in the States.自从我定居美国后，我回过两次家。They have been living very happily since they got married.自从结婚后他们一直生活得很幸福。since引导的从句的谓语若是持续性动词，常理解为某一状态的终止；若是终止性动词，则理解为某一动作的开始。He

12、has written to me frequently since he was ill.自从病好以来，他经常给我来信。He has written to me frequently since he went abroad.他自出国以来，经常给我写信。since表示“自从以来”，常用于“It is/has been时间段since从句”结构。该句型表示“自从开始（不做）已经多长时间了”，一般从句的时态用一般过去时，主句中的时态用现在完成时。As is reported, it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was

13、founded.据报道，清华大学已经建立了100多年了。3till, until和not .until .的用法（1）until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?这个会议将被推迟到下周二，你有没有听说？（2）not . until . 表示“直到才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。As far as I know, his mothe

14、r wont go to bed until he returns home every evening.据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。4表示“一就，刚就”的常用表达（1）表示“一就”的表达as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instantThe moment I heard the voice，I knew Father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。（2）表示“刚就”的表达no sooner . than ., hardly/scarcely . when .的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no