新GRE作文ARGUMENT官方题库+翻译.docx

1、新GRE作文ARGUMENT官方题库+翻译This page contains the Argument topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE?revised General Test. When you take the test, you will be presented with one Argument topic from this pool.Each Argument topic consists of a passage that presents an argument followed by specifi

2、c task instructions that tell you how to analyze the argument. The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very import

3、ant to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.-1)Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and ther

4、efore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such aPaleanbasket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and n

5、o Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临

6、近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居所独有的。然而最近，考古学家在一个与Palea隔着一条叫做Brim河的村庄Lithos发现了一个这样的Palea篮子。Brim河很深很宽，所以古代Palea人只能坐船穿过它，但没有证据表明Palea人拥有船只。这表明那种所谓的Palea篮子并不是那里所独有的。1) the author fails to consider the possibility that the Palean may arrived in Lithos through other means2) the Palean basket could arrive other place

7、through many possible methods such as trade, or boats possessed by other culture.3) In Palean times, the Brim River may not be as deep and broad as it is currently.4) This may also result from migration.5) 没有证据表明palea和brim是同时期存在的，不同时期情况更复杂-2)The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor o

8、f a scientific journal.A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individuals levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations(such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey),firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as mu

9、ch of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence).The study also found that during pregnancy, firs

10、t-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring.Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in t

11、he argument.最近一项对恒河猴的调查揭示了出生顺序对于个体刺激水平的影响。调查显示在受到刺激的环境下（例如遇到一个不熟悉的猴子），头胎小猴的皮质醇分泌会翻倍，这样增加了它及其兄弟姐妹的身体灵活度。人类的头胎孩子在遇到刺激（例如父母外出回家）时也会分泌出相对浓度的皮质醇。研究同时还发现在怀孕期间，第一次为人母的猴子的皮质醇要比生过几次孩子后的猴子水平高很多。1) 任何猴子不是一类，不能归于一谈2) 产生皮质醇的原因可能是由于害怕等因素而非出生顺序3) 产生皮质醇可能是由于害怕等等因素而非出生顺序4) 样本的数量和真实性、代表性作者没有说明5) 母猴体内皮质醇水平跟小猴体内皮质醇水平没有

12、直接关系-3)The following appeared as a letter to the editor from a Central Plaza store owner.Over the past two years, the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing while the popularity of skateboarding has increased dramatically. Many Central Plaza store owners believe that the de

13、crease in their business is due to the number of skateboard users in the plaza. There has also been a dramatic increase in the amount of litter and vandalism throughout the plaza. Thus, we recommend that the city prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. If skateboarding is prohibited here, we predic

14、t that business in Central Plaza will return to its previously high levels.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would

15、help to evaluate the recommendation.过去两年中，中心广场的顾客数量稳步下降与此同时滑板却急剧增加。很多中心广场的店主认为顾客数量下滑是由于玩滑板人数的增加。同时整个广场废弃物和公物损毁也大大增加。因此，我们建议应该在中心广场禁止玩滑板。如果禁止的话，我们估计中心广场的生意将会恢复到以前的水平。1) 过去“两年”，时间太短使得数据不具说服性 2) 仅仅是店主的看法不具有参考价值，应该调查顾客等更多人的看法3) 废弃物和公务损坏的增加也会是顾客数量下降的原因4) 没有证据表明废弃物和公务损坏的增加是skateboarder造成的 171)The followin

16、g appeared as a letter to the editor from the owner of a skate shop in Central Plaza.Two years ago the city voted to prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. They claimed that skateboard users were responsible for the litter and vandalism that were keeping other visitors from coming to the plaza. In

17、 the past two years, however, there has only been a small increase in the number of visitors to Central Plaza, and litter and vandalism are still problematic. Skateboarding is permitted in Monroe Park, however, and there is no problem with litter or vandalism there. In order to restore Central Plaza

18、 to its former glory, then, we recommend that the city lift its prohibition on skateboarding in the plaza.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to expl

19、ain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.两年前，市里投票禁止了在中央广场玩滑板。他们认为是滑板爱好者的废弃物和损毁公物的行为使游客远离了广场。然而在过去两年中，中央广场的游客却只有少数增加，而且废弃物和损毁公物的行为依然存在。滑板运动在M公园就被允许，但是那里却没有任何的废弃物和损毁公物的行为。为了能让中央广场重新焕发生机，我们建议市里应该取消广场禁止滑板的限令。-4)The following appeared in a letter from a homeowner t

20、o a friend.Of the two leading real estate firms in our townAdams Realty and Fitch RealtyAdams Realty is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included ho

21、me sales that averaged$168, 000, compared to Fitchs$144, listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell you

22、r home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwar

23、ranted.在本市的两家最大的房地产经纪公司-Adams Realty和Fitch Realty-之中，Adams显然更优秀一些。Adams有40名房地产经纪人，而Fitch只有25个，且很多是兼职工作。而且，Adams去年的收入是Fitch的两倍，其平均房价为$168000，而Fitch仅为$144000。在Adams销售的房屋卖得也更快：十年前，我把我的房产交给Fitch，它用了四个多月才卖出去；去年，我在Adams卖了另一处房产，仅用一个月就售出了。因此，要想让你的房产卖的更快更好，你应该选择Adams。1) A的收入是F的两倍，但没有数据显示A售出房产的数量是F的两倍，所以很可能A收

24、取了较高的中介费2) A的房价比F高没有考虑到房产的净价值，可能A的房产本来就价值高，所以售价较高3) 十年前的数据不能跟去年的数据比较，不具可比性-5)The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the?Balmer Island Gazette.On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce

25、 the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island should limit the number of mopeds rented by the islands moped rental companies from 50 per day to 25 per day during the summer season. By limiting the number of rentals, the town council will attain the 50 p

26、ercent annual reduction in moped accidents that was achieved last year on the neighboring island of Seaville, when Seavilles town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendat

27、ion is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.b岛的人口在夏季达到了100000，而助力车则是岛上一种非常普遍的交通方式。为了减少由助力车和行人引发的事故，b岛市政府应该限制岛上夏季助力车租赁公司的租车数量，从原来的每天50量减少到25量。通过限制出租数量，市政府将会实现助力车事故减少50的目标，就像去年邻近s岛市政府在实施了同样的政策后所取得的效果。1) 没有证

28、据显示岛上的人车交通事故是因为助力车造成的，原因可能主要是由于行人的不遵守交通规则造成。2) 即使是降低了50%的数量，也不意味着会降低50%的事故啊，可能车少了开的就会更快，反而会增加事故的严重性3) 岛上助力车租赁公司的租车数量占的比例多吗?减少会明显改变岛上助力车的总量吗？4) 没有证据显示助力车过多造成了事故，作为主要的交通工具，可能正是因为助力车在夏季过少，才导致大多数人不得不走路，而更多的人走到了助力车道，造成交通事故，加大助力车的投入可能还会减少事故的发生5) 在s岛上产生的效果不一定在b岛产生159)The following appeared in a letter to t

29、he editor of the?Balmer Island Gazette.The population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the islands six moped rent

30、al companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. Last year, the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. We predict that putting these limits into effect on Balmer Island will result in the same reduction in moped accidents.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to ex