必修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors.docx

1、必修8Unit5MeetingyourancestorsUnit 5 Meeting your ancestorsPeriod 1-2 ReadingTeaching goals 1. Target language a. archaeology, tentative, accuracy, excavate, interrupt, ornament, assume, regardless, sharpen, cut up, scrape, ample, primitive, preserve, bead, botany, botanical, analysis, specific, seash

2、ell, specificallyb. Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be

3、 part of a large shallow lake. Thats why they are called hunters and gatherers. 2. Ability goals Enable the students to tell the differences between modern people and Peking man and learn how Peking man lived their lives.3. Learning ability goals Help the students learn how to tell the differences b

4、etween modern people and Peking man and learn how Peking man lived their lives.Step RevisionCheck the homework. The students will show their information about Zhoukoudian Caves in the following steps.Step Lead-inT: In the last period, we learned about the life of ancient Egypt. But what about the li

5、fe of ancient Chinese? Look at the picture on page 37, and guess what it is.S: It is a skullcap.T: Can you guess whose skullcap it may be?S: Peking mans skullcap.T: Yes, you are right. Now you are given 3 minutes to discuss and imagine what Peking Man might have done and used thousands of years ago.

6、 Then compare it with the life of modern people.3 minutes later.S1: Peking Man might have lived in caves of rocks and trees, while modern people live in modern buildings which are huge, like boxes with flat roofs, sharp corners and glass walls.S2: Peking Man might have used natural furniture made of

7、 stone or wood, while modern people use beautiful furniture with lots of ornaments, mostly made of wood or other special materials.S3: Peking man might have got entertainment from nature or family get-together, while modern people can have a good time by watching TV, surfing the Internet and traveli

8、ng.Step ReadingAfter listening. T: Now tell me what you have known about Zhoukoudian Caves?S1: Zhoukoudian is a small village situated about 50 km southwest of Beijing. The Peking Man Site is just on the west side of Zhoukoudian Village.S2: In December 1929, a Chinese archaeologist named Pei Wenzhon

9、g discovered a complete skull of “Peking Man” on Dragon Bone Hill northwest of Zhoukoudian, in the southwest suburbs of Beijing. Later, archaeologists unearthed 40-odd individually fossilized skeletons of “Peking Man”, male, female, old and young, all at the same site. Zhoukoudian, therefore, became

10、 the most common site for human remains with the most abundant fossils in the world. The discovery pushed the history of Beijings civilization back to some 600,000 years. These fossilized remains prove that “Peking Man” was primitive man in an evolutionary process from ancient ape to modern man, and

11、 is the ancestor of the Chinese nation.S3: In 1987, the Zhoukoudian caves were listed as one of the world cultural heritage sites.Skimming This is an individual work. Ask the students to skim the text and write down what the text is about and the three stages of the archaeologists part of the dialog

12、ue.T: First, Id like you to skim the dialogue and then write down what the text is about and the three stages of the archaeologists part of the dialogue.Two minutes later, check the answers with the whole class. S1: An archaeologist is showing a group of students from England around the Zhoukoudian

13、Caves and telling them something about the Caves. S2: Stage 1 is about homes of Peking man in Zhou-koudian Caves, where they live, how they keep warm, cook food and scare wild animals away.ScanningAsk the students to read the text and get the main idea of the dialogue. And then ask them to write dow

14、n the three ways in which the life of early people differs from modern ones. Ask them to work in pairs and discuss the question. Step Post-readingAsk the students to fill in the chart on the life and habits of Peking man on page 37 and compare it with the list they made in the pre-reading. What diff

15、erences are there?Give the students 3 minutes to discuss their conclusion. Then check the answers. Sample answers: There are many similarities. But Peking Man also constructed fires by which they kept warm, cooked food and scared wild animals away. They used needles made of bone. Besides, they wore

16、necklace made of animal bones or shells. They took part in trade activities. And they killed animals for food.Step Summary and homeworkT: Today we learned about Zhoukoudian Caves and the life of Peking Man. Do you think it is important for us to know about them? Why? S1: Yes, the following fact show

17、s that it is very important: Zhoukoudian Caves were formally inscribed on the “World Heritage List” in December 1987 at the eleventh session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The inscription of the Peking Man Site on the World Heritage List confirms the exceptional and universal value of the cultu

18、ral site, which requires protection for the benefit of all humanity. The site is therefore not only of China, but also of the world as a whole. T: Good. Now todays homework: 1) Go over the text; 2) Write a brief introduction to the Zhoukoudian Caves.Period 3-4 Language studyTeaching goals 1. Target

19、language Grammar: Present perfect continuous tense. 2. Ability goals Enable the students to use the present perfect continuous tense.3. Learning ability goals Help the students learn how to use the present perfect continuous tense.Teaching important & difficult points How to use the present perfect

20、continuous tense.Teaching methods Explanation and practice. Teaching aids A projector and a computer.Teaching procedures & ways Step RevisionCheck the homework. Let some students read their work.A sample version: A brief introduction to the Zhoukoudian CavesZhoukoudian is a small village situated ab

21、out 50 km southwest of Beijing In 1928, Dr C. C. Young, a famous Chinese paleontologist, and Wenzhong Pei, a young Chinese geologist joined the excavation. Two lower jaws of Peking Man were unearthed in this year. To make the excavation more successful, Dr Weng and Dr Black established “Cenozoic Res

22、earch Laboratory” in 1929. The Peking Man Site also provides the more precise scientific data for the study of the evolution, behaviour. On the western side of Zhoukoudian Village, there are two parallel hills. The one on the east is lower and called Dragon-bone Hill. Zhoukoudian is a relic of primi

23、tive culture, 48 kilometers southwest of downtown Beijing, where Longgushan(dragon skeleton mountain) is standing. Several decades ago, local farmers mined limestone in Zhoukoudian, came upon some bone fossils and called them “the Dragon Bones”. Zhoukoudian became known as “Dragon Bone Mountain”. Dr

24、ugstores purchased the bones as a medical ingredient. The news about the “magic bones” drew attention of scientists. In 1929 these limestone caves became world famous with the discovery of a skull and two teeth dating back 200,000 to 500,000 years. They were named Peking man.The historical and cultu

25、ral value of the Zhoukoudian site has been acknowledged by its listing as a World Heritage Site in December 1987 at the eleventh session of UNESCO.Step Lead-inAsk the students to point out the sentences that contain the structure as in “We have been excavating here for many years.”Sample sentences:1

26、. We have been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves and we think these were their most dangerous enemies. 2. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.3. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses hav

27、e been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.T: What is the same structure in these sentences?S: “have/ has been doing.”T: Yes, in this unit, we will learn “have/has been doing sth.” That is the present perfect continuous tense.Step ExplanationPr

28、esent Perfect ContinuousHAS / HAVE + BEEN + V+ingExamples:I have been waiting here for two hours.She has only been studying English for two years.Note: When you are using a verb tense with more than one part such as Present Perfect Continuous (has been studying), adverbs often come between the first

29、 part and the second part (has only been studying).Use 1 Duration from the Past until Now T: We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. “for five minutes”, “for two weeks”, and “since Tuesday” are all durations which can be used w

30、ith the Present Perfect Continuous. Look at the following examples. Show the following. They have been talking for the last hour.She has been working at that company for three years.James has been teaching at the University since June.Use 2 Recently, Lately T: You can use the Present Perfect Continu

31、ous without a duration such as “for five minutes”, “for two weeks”, and “since Tuesday”. Without the durations, the tense gives a more general meaning of “lately”. We often use the words “lately” or “recently” in the sentence to strengthen this meaning. Now read these examples. Show the following. R

32、ecently, I have been feeling really tired.She has been watching too much television lately.Mary has been feeling a little depressed.Important T: Remember that the Present Perfect Continuous has the meaning of “lately” or “recently.” If the Present Perfect Continuous is used in a question such as “Have you been feeling alright?”, it suggests that the person looks sick or unhealthy. A question such as “Have you been smoking?” suggests that you can smell t