中考英语二轮复习完形填空专讲专练人教新目标版.docx

1、中考英语二轮复习完形填空专讲专练人教新目标版完形填空专讲专练Theres always hope1. 掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。名师点拨知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形

2、式进行。具体使用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优良差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况thoughtsn.想法havev.1)有 2)使做I had my class write something about themselves.offerv.主动提出 n.主动提议He offered some useful advice.wonderv.想知道n.惊讶；奇迹I wonder who she is.The Seven Wonders of the Worldresponsibilityn.责任He took full responsibility for

3、 his behavior.相关词：responsiblebehaviorn.行为；举止相关词：behaveholdv.1)抓住;握住 2)坚持住3)举行 4)认为they hold the world responsible for the consequence (后果).attendv.1)参加 2)上课Vincent attended classes and got straight As for two years.相关词：attendanceacceptv.接受Vincent got accepted into ten different universities.相关词：be a

4、ccepted into录取landn. 陆地v. 1)着陆 2)成功得到Vincent landed a great job at a big tech company.workv. 1)工作 2)奏效;起作用 n. 1)工作 2)作品My plan worked and I got them to agree. disappointedadj.失望的相关词: disappointmentfailv.1)失败，未能做到 2)衰退 3)使失望He worked with a house painter after failing through high school.Her eyesight

5、 is failing.specialadj.特殊的;专门的n.特价The school will only allow this in special condition.相关词: especiallyattractv. 吸引What first attracted me to her was her sense of humor.相关词: attraction; attractiveencouragev.鼓励Our teacher often encourages us to speak more English.相关词: encouragement surprisen.惊讶；惊喜v.使惊

6、讶What he said in class surprised me most.相关词: surprised; surprisinginfluencev./n. 影响His writings have influenced the lives of millions. 相关词: influential; affectsucceedv.1)成功 2)接替Who succeeded Obama as President? 相关词: success; successfulmessagen.信息；消息；要点powerfuladj. 强大的；有影响力的相关词：powersit around闲坐be u

7、p to正在干，从事着I wondered what he was up to.look up查阅；查找I googled him and looked him up on Facebook. on ones term按某人自己的意思he tried to do the things on his terms.talk sb. into sth.说服某人做某事I didnt want to move abroad but Bill talked me into it.二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1. I was sitti

8、ng around the other morning thinking about some of my former(以前的) students.结构分析：_本句含有现在分词v-ing“thinking about”作伴随状语的结构句子翻译：_前几天的早晨我闲坐着想起了一些我以前的学生。仿句练习：他正坐在桌子旁读报。_He is sitting at the desk reading a newspaper.2. For him, sitting still, listening and reading, didnt 34 .结构分析：_ 本句含有并列的现在分词v-ing“sitting

9、still, listening and reading”作主语的结构。句子翻译：_ 对他来说，坐着不动、听课、读书，不起任何作用。仿句练习：散步对你的健康有好处._Walking is good for your health.3. The more he tried to do the things on his terms, the more we forced him to do the things on our terms and the angrier he got. The angrier he got, the more trouble he got into.结构分析：_

10、本句含有“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越, 越”。句子翻译：_ 他越是努力按照他的想法做事，我们越是强迫他按照我们的想法做事而他越是生气。他越生气，他的麻烦越多。仿句练习：你越小心，你犯的错误就越少。 你看的书越多，你懂得就越多。_The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.Themoreyouread, thebetteryouwill understand.4. It was Vincent who turned Vincent around .结构分析：_本句含有“it isthat/who”强调

11、句结构。句子翻译：_ 正是Vincent自己转变了他自己。仿句练习：正是Tom明天要举行生日聚会。_It is Tom who will hold a birthday party.5. I couldnt be happier for him.结构分析：_本句含有“couldnt+比较级”的结构，表示“再不过了”，表达最高级的含义。句子翻译：_我为他感到再高兴不过了。（我为他感到非常的高兴。）仿句练习：他做得再好不过了。我再同意你不过了。（我完全同意你的意见。）_Hecouldnthavedonebetter. Icantagreewithyoumore. 方法篇 “方法得当, 事半功倍。”

12、只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上

13、下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和 correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是my father的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词) 等重复出现在语篇中。例题例1：He is very kind and frien

14、dly to others. Because of his _, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. kindness【分析：通过上文“He is very kind and friendly to others”，由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】例2：The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and mor

15、e _. A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-working【分析：通过上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例：When we talked, I discovere

16、d（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _17_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通过上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“

17、We usually have forty minutes in each class.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，first of all、then和finally表顺序等）。例题例1：My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera very

18、 much, but he cant sing 6 . 6. A. badly B. easily C. well D. excitedly【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背

19、景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some kinds of whales (鲸鱼) are bigger than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A. river B. lake C. s

20、ea D. forest【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A. biggest。第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C. sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例1：When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener do

21、es pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to注意”，故选D。】例2：but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took【分析：考查固定短语“take photos拍照”，故选D。】语篇精讲障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅

22、读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（西城一模）Theres always hopeI was sitting around the other morning thinking about some of my former(以前的) students. When I do that, my thoughts always turn to Vincent. Eighteen years ago, on the first day of third grade, when I had my class write something about themselves, he jus

23、t sat there. So I took him outside to see what was wrong. “You can 31 about something else; anything you want, ”I offered. He turned to me and shouted, “I cant write!” and threw his pencil. Vincent was difficult and 32 . He acted out. He threw things. He refused to work, to be quiet, to sit down. So

24、 these many years later, I wondered what he was up to. With time on my hands, I googled him and looked him up on Facebook and before long I found him. And after a few texts we agreed to meet. And he told me his 33 . Vincent knew he was smart, but he also knew he couldnt do what other kids did. He ha

25、d to move around and talk. For him, sitting still, listening and reading, didnt 34 . The more he tried to do the things on his terms, the more we forced him to do the things on our terms and the angrier he got. The angrier he got, the more trouble he got into. In other words, we 35 him. But he would

26、nt let me tell him that. He took full responsibility for his behavior. He remembered feeling 36 for acting out. That 37 me. Kids like Vincent are always angry about something; they hold the world responsible for the consequence (后果). This story also had one of us turning Vincent around. But none of us did that for him. There were no excellent teachers like