1、matlab简易计算器设计步骤与回调函数设计说明简易算术计算器的设计一、算术计算器的功能:能进行简单的加、减、乘、除法运算,输入文本框显示为常量多项式,输出文本框显示为精确到小数点后十位的数值。计算器包含十个数字键09、小数点键“.”、小括号键“(”“)”、运算符号、清屏键、退格键、退出键等。二、设计思路:每按下一个数字键或者符号键的时候,利用get(handles.edit1,string)获取当前输入文本框edit1的string属性,并通过字符串合并函数strcat()将当前输入文本框edit1的字符型string属性与按键的字符型string属性合并成字符串,然后利用属性设置函数set
2、(); 将合并后的字符串返回到输入文本框edit1的string属性。当输入结束,用户按下等号的时候,采用x=get(handles.edit1,string)获取当前输入文本框edit1的string属性,然后利用字符串执行命令y1=eval(x)计算输入文本框的表达式,得到的结果是字符型常量;然后利用字符串输出格式控制函数y=sprintf(%.10f,y1)使输出结果精确到小数点后十位;最后利用属性设置函数set(handles.edit2,string,y)将转换后的字符串返回到输出文本框edit2的string属性。三、设计步骤:1、运行matlab 7.13版,进入主界面。2、点击
3、工具栏上的GUIDE图标进入GUI开发环境。3、创建控件:Push Button包括数字09、运算符“+ - ”、功能键等十九个,输入和动态静态文本框Edit Text,显示文字的静态文本框Static Text四个等。4、对控件单击右键弹出菜单,选择Property Inspector,设置控件属性。控件属性表控件Style类型TagStringFontSizeFontUnitsFontWeightVisibleBackgroundColorForegroundColorredgreenblueredgreenbluepushbuttonPushbutton1116pointsboldon0
4、0.4980110Pushbutton22Pushbutton33Pushbutton44Pushbutton55Pushbutton66Pushbutton77Pushbutton88Pushbutton99pushbutton100pushbutton1143pushbutton12pushbutton13pushbutton14pushbutton15=16pushbutton16.pushbutton17Exitpushbutton18Deletepushbutton19ClcPushbutton20(Pushbutton21)texttext1制作:*16pointsboldon0.
5、8310.8160.784001text2Inputtext3Outputtext4算术计算器200.74900.749editedit1空白字符串10pointson111000edit2空白字符串5、选择工具栏上的Align Objects按键,调整控件布局。6、选择工具栏上的Tab Oder Editor按键,通过和设置各控件的Tab顺序。7、设计菜单:在GUI开发环境下,选择工具栏上的进入菜单编辑器,分别选择和创建主菜单和子菜单。8、编写回调函数。(1)数字键0的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function push
6、button10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键0的回调函数: %get函数获取输入文本框edit1的string属性,赋值给numbers,数值类型为char;numbers=get(handles.edit1
7、,string); %字符串合并函数strcat()将按键0与numbers的值合并,将合并后的字符串返回到输入文本框edit1的string属性;set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,0);%同理编写其余数字键、小数点键、小括号键、运算符号键;(2)数字键1的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO
8、)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键1的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,1);(3)数字键2的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton2_Callbac
9、k(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键2的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,2);(4)数字键3的回调函数:%
10、 - Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键3的回调函数:numbers=get(handle
11、s.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,3);(5)数字键4的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structur
12、e with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键4的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,4);(6)数字键5的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata r
13、eserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键5的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,5);(7)数字键6的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eve
14、ntdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键6的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,6);(8)数字键7的回调函数:% - Executes on
15、 button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键7的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);
16、set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,7);(9)数字键8的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles a
17、nd user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键8的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,8);(10)数字键9的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be
18、 defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键9的回调函数:numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,9);(11)小数点“.”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton17.function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, h
19、andles)% hObject handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%小数点的回调函数;point=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(point,.);(12)加号“+”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button pr
20、ess in pushbutton10.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%加号“+”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(han
21、dles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,+);(13)减号“”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and use
22、r data (see GUIDATA)%减号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,-);(14)乘号“”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be define
23、d in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%乘号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,*);(15)除号“”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObj
24、ect handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%除号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,/);(16)左括号“(”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in push
25、button21.function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%左括号“(”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1
26、,string,strcat(signs,();(17)右括号“)”键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton20.function pushbutton20_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton20 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data
27、 (see GUIDATA)%右括号“)”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,);(18)等号“=”号键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined
28、 in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%等号“=”号键的回调函数;%get函数获取输入文本框edit1的string属性,并赋值与x;x=get(handles.edit1,string);%利用执行字符串命令eval()计算用户输入的表达式,得到的结果为char型;y1=eval(x);%利用字符串输出格式控制函数sprintf()将字符型常量精确到小数点后十位;y=sprintf(%.10f,y1);%利用属性设置函数set()将字符型结果返回到输出
29、文本框edit2的string属性;set(handles.edit2,string,y);(19)CLC键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton19.function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton19 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with ha
30、ndles and user data (see GUIDATA)%CLC键的回调函数;%清空输入文本框edit1的string属性;set(handles.edit1,String,);%清空输出文本框edit2的string属性;set(handles.edit2,String,0);(20)Delete键的回调函数:% - Executes on button press in pushbutton18.function pushbutton18_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO)%
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