一般现在时的被动语态2.docx

1、一般现在时的被动语态2一般现在时的被动语态2 一般过去时的被动语态：wasweredone 现在完成时的被动语态：havehasbeendone 过去完成时的被动语态：hadbeendone 现在进行时的被动语态：amisarebeingdone 过去进行时的被动语态：was/werebeingdone 一般将来时的被动语态：shallwillbedone 过去将来时的被动语态：shouldwouldbedone 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词bedone 2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。 3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：whered

2、idtheygrowvegetables？（改为被动语态） where_vegetables_?(2002福州)(答案:were,grown) 一般现在时的被动语态：amisaredone 一般过去时的被动语态：wasweredone 现在完成时的被动语态：havehasbeendone 过去完成时的被动语态：hadbeendone 现在进行时的被动语态：amisarebeingdone 过去进行时的被动语态：was/werebeingdone 一般将来时的被动语态：shallwillbedone 过去将来时的被动语态：shouldwouldbedone 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词bedo

3、ne 2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。 3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：wheredidtheygrowvegetables？（改为被动语态） where_vegetables_?(2002福州)(答案:were,grown) 中考英语定语从句复习 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句. 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,as; 引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why; 关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语. 关系副词在定语从句中做

4、状语. 一.由who,引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词.例如: thisisthemanwhohelpedme. doyouknowtheradewhospokejustnow? theboywho/whomwesawyesterdayisjohnsbrother. 二.whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,口语中可以省略. thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom. theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoismr.li. =thepersontowhom

5、youjusttalkedismr.li.(介词后whom不能省略)thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy. (固定短语中的介词一般不省略,介词仍放在动词之后) 三.whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词.doyouknowthewomanwhosenameismary. passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack. 四.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. theletter(that/

6、which)ireceivedwasfrommyfather. icantfindtheletterthat/whichcamethismorning. doyoustillrememberthedays(that/which)wespenttogether? thisisthemanthat/whohelpedme. thehouse(that/which)weliveinisnotlarge. =thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge. thedoctor(that/whom/who)youarelookingforisintheroom. 五.which引导的定语

7、从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语, 修饰表示物的先行词.先行词可以是词、短语、句子。 thisisthebook(which/that)youwant. thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool. theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge. thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor. (在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能

8、放在动词之后,不能放在which之前) 六、that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用that.先行词为不定冠词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等. all(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday. thereisntmuch(that)icando. .先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时. thefirstlesson(that)ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten. thisisthebestfilm(that)ihaveeverseen. .先行词被all,any,

9、every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时. ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme. .先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时. thewhitefloweristheonlyonethatireallylike. thisistheverybookthatiwanttoread. thisisthesamebookthatiwanttoread.(同一本书) -thisisthesamebookasiwanttoread. .当主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that引导.wh

10、oisthemanthatisstandingthere? whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesntknowthis? 先行词既有人又有物时。 wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember. time做先行词，前面如果有序数词或last来修饰时，定语从句用that来引导或省略；如果没有序数词或last来修饰时，既可用when也可用that来引导。thisisthelasttime(that)ishallgiveyoualesson. thefirsttime(that)isawhimwa

11、sin1972. itstime(that)wegotup. 七、as引导的定语从句， as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语、定语、表语、或状语，常与thesameas;suchas,soas,asas连用。 ilikethesamebookasyoudo. iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas. ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid. heisthesameageasyou(are). hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou. suchstudentsasyouhavem

12、entionedshouldbecriticized. =studentssuchasyouhavementionedshouldbecriticized. 在thesame后也可用that引导定语从句，但意义有所不同： that引出的定语从句，指的是与先行词同一事物；而as引出的定语从句是与先行词相似的同类事物。 iwanttousethesametoolthatiusedyesterday. iwanttousethesametoolasiusedyesterday. 八、由when引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词，when为关系副词，做定语从句的时间状语。 istillremembe

13、rthedaywhenifirstcametobeijing. istillrememberthedayonwhichifirstcametobeijing. (介词which可以代替when) illneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm. irememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether. 九、由where引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where为关系副词，做定语从句的地点状语。 thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears. thefactorywherehisfatherw

14、orksisinthewestofthecity. thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity. (介词which可以代替where) thisisaplacewhich/thatiwantedtovisit. 十、why引导的定语从句，why做原因状语。 iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate. thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewasill. =非限定性定语从句 1.who指人，做主语。 yesterdayimetliping,whoseemedtobeverybusy. 2.whom指人

15、,作宾语. hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities. 3.whose指人,作定语. thechairmansdaughter,whosenameisann,gavetomasmile. 4.which指物,做主语,宾语. hisspeech,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon. thespeech,whichhehadwrittenonthepaper,seemedendless. 5.where指地点,作状语. galileolivedinthecityofpisa,wherethereisaleani

16、ngtowerabout180feethigh. 6.when指时间,作状语. themeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth,whenwewillhavemadeallthepreparations. 7.as做主语,表语,宾语;先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或一个句子. toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish. asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard. as引导的定语从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后.在很多情况下已经构成固定搭配. aseverybodycanseeaswasusual ascan

17、beseenasiexpected asisknowntoall，asmaybeimagined asyouknowasisexpected ashasbeensaidbeforeasisreported asisoftensaidasisannounced 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别： 限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。 *as

18、和which引导的非限定性定语从句的比较： 1.非限定性定语从句位于句未，而且as和which在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时 可互换。 heisafarmer,as/whichisclearfromhismanner. thiselephantislikeasnake,as/whichanybodycansee. 2.which引导的非限定性定语从句一般放在句未，而as引导的非限定性定语从句 可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。放在句首时不能用which替换。crusoelosthisdog,whichmadehimverysad taiwanispartofchina,as/whichisknow

19、ntoall. aswehaveseen,oceanscovermorethan70percentoftheearth. 3.as引导非限定性定语从句时，意为“这一点、这件事”，常与see，hope，expect，know，guess等动词搭配；而which引导非限定性定语从句时与主句有一种因果关系，可译为“所以”。 cyprus,asyouallknow,isinthemediterranean. bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight. 4.as引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语时，其后面的谓语动词大多数必须是连系动词。如果从句谓语动词是行为动词，则必须

20、用which。 hemarriedher,aswasnatural. sherefusedtotakethemedicine,whichmadehermotherangry. itrainedhardyesterday,whichpreventedherfromgoingtoshenyang. heisabsent,asisoftenthecase.theendchoosethebestanswers: 1.carolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyoctober,_personallyidoubtverymuch. a.itb.thatc.whend.which 2._ism

21、entionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.a.whichb.asc.thatd.it 3.thefenceinourgarden,_myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.a.thatb.whichc.whatd.where 4.theresstillmuch_canbeimprovedaboutit. a.whichb.thatc.ifd.what 5.whenlostinwork,_heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabou

22、teatingandsleeping.a.whatbsoc.justliked.as 6.mrjohnsonsson,_livesinchicago,isadoctor. a.whob.whomc.thatd.which 7.wehadtodelaythepartytillnextweek,_weshouldhavesomethingimportanttodo.a.whenb.whichc.atwhichd.inthat 8.wetraveledtogetherasfaraschicago,_wesaidgoodbyetoeachother. a.whichb.whenc.whyd.where

23、 9.illneverforgettheyears_ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers_hasagreateffectonmylife. a.that;whichb.when;whichc.which;thatd.when;who 10.hearrivedinnewyorkin1896,_,sometimelater,hebecameawriter. a.whenb.wherec.thatd.which 11.shemayhavemissedhertrain,in_caseshewontarriveforanotherhour. a.whatb.thatc.whi

24、chd.this 12.hehasmadeawonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience. a.whichithinkisb.whichdoithinkis c.ithinkwhichisd.whichithinkitis 13.illrememberthetime_wespenttogetherinthecountry. a.thatb.whenc.duringwhichd.atwhich 14.idontbelievethereason_hehasgivenforhisbeinglate. a.whyb.thatc.howd.what 15.

25、thereweretwosmallroomsinthehouse,_servedasakitchen. a.thesmallerofwhichb.thesmallofwhich c.thesmallerofthemd.thesmallerone 16.helivedinlondonfor3years,during_timehelearnedsomeenglish. a.thisb.whichc.thatd.same 17.willyoupleaseshowmethewaytotheonlytallbuilding_standsnearthepostoffice.a.xb.inwhichc.th

26、atd.where 18.alicehasalargecollectionofphotos,_wastakeninlondon. a.noneofthemb.nooneofwhichc.allofwhichd.noneofwhich 19.hissisterhadbeeateacher,_waswhathewantedtobe. a.whob.whatc.thatd.which 20.nextwinter_youllspendinharbin,imsure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday. a.whichb.whenc.inwhichd.where 21.withth

27、efastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople_villageitaughtbeforehavelivedahappylife.a.whob.whosec.inwhosed.inwhich 22.theboss,_restaurantiamserving,isakindheartedman. a.inwhichb.inwhosec.whered.which 23.ifellmostangryabouttheway_ivebeentreated. a.whenb.thatc.whered.how 24.hewasrudetothecustomsofficer,_o

28、fcoursemadethingsevenworse. a.whob.whomc.whatd.which 25.thereisamountain_thetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow. a.whoseb.ofwhichc.itsd.that 26.hehashadthesamelife_hisfatherlived. a.whereb.asc.thatd.when 27.dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_,ofcourse, madetheothersunhappy.a.whob.whichc.thisd.

29、what 28.recentlyiboughtanancientchinesevase,_wasveryreasonable. a.whichpriceb.thepriceofwhichc.itspriced.thepriceofwhose 29.thechicagobullswasmadeupofthebestbasketballplayersinthestates,and_wereblackamericans. a.mostofthemb.mostofwhomc.mostofthatd.mostofwhich 30.“_breakthelawshouldbepunished,”thejud

30、geshouted. a.someoneb.anyonec.whoeverd.thosewho 31.isthereagasstationaround_icangetsomepetrol. a.whichb.whatc.whered.that 32.isthereanythingelse_yourequire? a.whichb.thatc.whod.what 33.thelastplace_wevisitedwasthegreatwall. a.whichb.thatc.whered.it 34.hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.a.whichb.thatc.whod.when 35