完整版仁爱英语八年级上册Unit4Topic2知识点总结.docx

1、完整版仁爱英语八年级上册Unit4Topic2知识点总结仁爱英语-八年级上册-U4-T2知识点总结U4 T2 知识点总结I重点词组1. early/earlier this morning 今天早些/更早些时候2. fall down 倒塌，落下3. be missing 失踪 4. Im sorry/happy to hear that. 听到那个消息我感到很难过/开心。be +adj.+ to do sth. 做sth.复习：(1) be sorry to do sth. (2) be sorry that 从句 (3) be sorry for+ (doing) sth./从句 eg.

2、Im sorry for what I said. 5. sb. + know + (that) 宾语从句 6. another two terrible earthquakes = two more terrible earthquakes 另外两起可怕的地震补充：another + 数词= 数词+more7. lose ones life/lives 死亡，丧命8. protect sb. from (doing) sth. 保护sb. 免于遭受的伤害9. ask for寻求10. ways to protect us from earthquakes 保护我们免于遭受地震伤害的方式/法1

3、1. the number of buildings falling down 房屋倒塌的数量12. the missing people in the earthquake 在地震中失踪的人员13. mobile phone 移动电话14. take care of each other 互相照顾15. wait for 等待16. prepare sth. for sb. 为sb. 准备sth.17. stay for about eight hours 等待大约八小时18. hear about= hear of 听说 hearheard hear from 收到的来信19. a lev

4、el 7.1 earthquake 7.1级地震20. lose ones home(s) 失去某人的家园21. run out of跑出 be out (从里)出来;没有，缺少22. how to protect yourselves from the earthquake 如何保护你们自己免于遭受地震的伤害疑问词+不定式(to do ) 可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语23. forget/remember to do sth. 忘记/记得去做sth. forget/remember doing sth. 忘记/记得做过sth.24. stay/keep calm 保持冷静 calm down

5、 冷静下来25. be to do sth. 表义务、应该，接近于should, must等。表计划、安排，相当于be going to do26. break ones right arm 伤到某人的右臂 breakbroke27. do anything else 做其他任何事情else adj. 其他的，别的 （常用在不定代词和疑问词之后）28. Whats the matter with sb.? = Whats wrong/the trouble with sb.? sb.怎么啦？29. take a lift to go downstairs 乘电梯下楼30. stand in t

6、he middle of a room 站在房子的中间31. protect your head with your arms 用双臂保护你的头部32. sth. happened/happens to sb. sb.发生了sth.What happened/happens to sb.? sb. 发生了什么事情了？33. be hurt/injured 受伤34. be indoors/outdoors 在室内/室外35. the safest place 最安全的地方36. sit on the floor in a doorway 坐在出入口的地板上37. close to 靠近，临近3

7、8. stay/get/keep away 远离39. anything that may fall on you 任何可能砸中你的东西40. try to do sth. 试着去做sth. try not to do sth. 试着不去做sth.41. be out of doors 在户外42. move to clear areas 转移到空旷地区43. be careful of sth. 注意sth. 44. fallen power lines 掉落的电线45. be over 结束46. There is/are going to be=There will be=Therell

8、 be将有47. It is/was safe for sb. to do sth. 对sb.来说做sth.是安全的48. move around 走动49. feel afraid 感到害怕50. in a fire 在火灾中51. turn off the gas and lights 关掉煤气和灯 turn on 打开52. jump off=jump out of 跳出53. the whole nation= all the nation 全国54. with sb.s help= with the help of sb.在sb.的帮助之下55. rebuild ones home(

9、s) 重建某人的家园56. return to normal life 返回到正常生活57. be able to do sth. 能够做sth.58. over again 再次，重新59. present situation 现状60. a piece of news 一则消息/新闻61. send the army to help 派遣军队去支援62. in disaster areas 在灾区II. 重点句型1.A terrible earthquake struck Qinghai.2.Im very sorry to hear that.3.How can we protect o

10、urselves from earthquakes?4.It was a level 7.1 earthquake.5.I was very sad when I got the news.6.Do you know how to protect yourselves from the earthquake?7.The most important thing is to stay calm.8.Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in an earthquake.9.Be very careful

11、of fallen power lines.10. But with the help of the whole nation, people in Wenchuan are building their homes now and they are returning to normal life.Unit3 Getting TogetherTopic1 基本句型1.Excuse me,could you please tell me your name? Sure,my name is Jane.2.Could you help me with it? No problem.3.Does

12、he speak some Chinese? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.He speaks English.4.What does he say in the letter?5.Jane,Sally and I are good friends.6.We often help each other.7.Many students in our class like English a lot,but I like it a little.8.What about you,Sam? No,I dont like English at all.词组9.pen pal10.

13、help sb.with sth.11. a lot12.not.at all13.each other14.a little15.very much16.a lot of17.every day人称代词和一般现在时人称代词代表人或事物，它有人称、单复数、主格和宾格的变化。第一人称第二人称第三人称主格I / weyou / youhe/she/it/they宾格me / usyou / youhim/her/it/them1.人称代词的主格和宾格。(1)主格的人称代词作句子中的主语。e.g.We are good friends.我们是好朋友。It is my cat.它是我的猫。(2)宾格的

14、人称代词作动词或介词的宾语。e.g.We all like her very much.我们都非常喜欢她。 Please help me with Chinese.请帮助我学习汉语。2.实义动词的一般现在时。实义动词表示动作或状态，在句中能单独作谓语。在一般现在时中，一般用动词原形，但如果主语是第三人称单数，动词必须用第三人称单数形式。e.g.I want to visit the Great Wall.我想游览长城。 He helps me study English.他帮助我学英语。实义动词在一般现在时中用助动词do（第三人称单数用does）构成否定句、疑问句；其答语也用do（does）。

15、e.g.Do you come from the U.S.A.?你来自美国吗？ Yes, I do.是的，我是。/No,I dont.不，我不是。 Does he live in England?他住在英国吗？ Yes, he does.是的，他是。 /No, he doesnt.不，他不是。What does she say in the letter?她在信里说了什么？Unit 3-topic2基本句型1、Kangkang,what does your mother do ? She is a teacher.2、Maria shows a photo of her family to K

16、angkang.3、Where does she work? She works in a hospital.4、My father works on a farm.5、She teaches English in a school.6、She likes to play with Kitty.1.名词所有格名词所有格的形式有两种，凡表示有生命的名词(人和动物)通常加“s”来构成所有格，作定语，放在被修饰的名词之前。e.g. Katesteacher凯特的老师，my teachers brother我老师的兄弟，Lilys cat莉莉的猫，a boys ball一个男孩的球，the dogs

17、name这条狗的名字。表示无生命事物的名词所有格时，则用由of引出的介词短语来构成，也作定语。e.g. a pictureof a classroom一幅教室的图画，a door of the room房间的一扇门。有时，有生命的名词也可用of结构来表示所有格。e.g. What is the name of her cat? = What is her cats name?她的猫叫什么名字?注意以s结尾的名词其后只能加表示所有格。e.g. TeachersDay教师节另外，若要表示分别所有，则需在每一个名词后均加s。e.g. Janes and Lindas fathers简的爸爸和琳达的爸

18、爸如果表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加s。e.g. Lucy and Lilysfather露西和莉莉的爸爸2.职业What does he do?他是干什么的?这是询问职业的一个特殊疑问句，其答语要用职业名称。还可以这样表达：Whatshe?/ What is his job?e.g. (1)What does she do?她是干什么的？ She is a doctor.她是医生。(2)What is yourfather?你父亲是干什么的？ He is a farmer.他是农民。(3)What do they do?/What are they?他们是干什么的？ They are

19、workers.他们是工人。3.构词法最常见的构词法有派生、合成和转化。(1)派生在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词。如：teachteacher;actactor; writerewrite(2)合成由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词。如：class+room classroom, grand+father grandfather, fifty+five fity-five.(3)转化一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类。如：动词转化为名词work(v.工作)work(n.)著作4.可数名词变复数的不规则变化(1) man, woman以及它们的合成词都是把中间的a变为e。e.g. man

20、 men,woman women,salesman salesmen(2) oo变为ee。e.g. foot feet, tooth teeth(3) mouse mice, child children(4)单复数同形。e.g. a Chinese two Chinesea sheep two sheepa deer two deer(5)集体名词总是复数。e.g. people,clothes, family(指全家人)，class(指全班同学)。集体名词作主语时，谓语动词要与其保持一致。e.g. Jimsfamily are on the sofa.吉姆一家（坐）在沙发上。His clo

21、thes areon the bed.他的衣服在床上。Unit 3-topic31、Help yourselves/yourself(to some fish)!2、Would you like some eggs,Maria? Yes,please./No,thanks.3、What would you like to drink? Apple juice,please.4、What do you usually have for breakfast,Michael? I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.5、May I take your

22、order,sir? Fish with vegetables and rice,please.6、Would you like something to drink? Yes.A glass of apple juice,please.7、May I help you,sir?8、Why not have some fish and eggs? Good idea.9、They are all kind to me.10、Im very glad to be here.1.名词和数(1)可数名词可以用数目来计数的名词叫可数名词。可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式。(2)不可数名词有些名词不能用

23、具体的数字来表示，我们称其为不可数名词，如rice, milk, meat, water, tea等，不能在其前面直接加数词或a/an，也不能在词尾加s或es，但some和any可直接放在其前面。e.g. some bread一些面包，some coffee一些咖啡，any water一些水如需同数词连用，可用表示量的名词表示。即：数词+表示量的名词+ of +不可数名词。e.g. a cup of tea一杯茶，two glasses ofmilk两杯牛奶，three pieces of bread三片面包2.动词have表示“吃”，“喝”的意思。e.g. have some rice吃米饭

24、， have dinner吃饭，have tea喝茶What do you want to have?你想吃/喝点什么?meal饭，餐Breakfast 早餐 Lunch 午餐Supper 晚餐Brunch 早午并餐 Dinner 正餐3. would like表示“要，想要”，相当于want,但比want语气更委婉。它的结构通常是would likesth.想要某物。would like(sb.) to do sth.想(让某人)做某事。e.g. I would like some apples.我想要些苹果。I would like to go there.我想去那儿。Would you

25、like.?你想要吗?表示客气地提出请求或建议。肯定回答：Yes, please. /Sure.否定回答：No, thanks. /thank you.Would you like to do sth.?你想去做某事吗？也表示向对方提出请求或建议等。肯定回答：Yes, Id love/ like to.【重点短语和句型】1.Could you please + 动词原形？用来表示委婉的请求-Could you please tell me your name?- Sure/ No problem. Myname is Sally.- Sorry.2.tellsb. sth. = tell st

26、h. tosb. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. aboutsth. 告诉某人关于某事Please tell me your name. = Please tell your name to me.Please tell Maria about it. 请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。3.helpsb. dosth.= help sb. withsth. 在某方面帮助某人，帮助某人做某事Please help us find him.Could you please help mewithEnglish?= Could you please help me studyEnglish?4.wantto

27、do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做某事want sth. = would like sth. 想要某物want sb. to do sth.想要某人做He wantsto visitBeijing. = He would like to visitBeijing.I want/would like an orange.Jane wants Kangkang to singsome songs withher.5.showsth. to sb.= show sb. sth. 把某物展示给某人看Maria shows a photo of her familyto

28、Kangkang.6.My English is very good. =I can speakEnglish very well.7.livein+ 地点 居住在某地live with + sb. 和某人住He live in China with his parents.8.knowa lot about 知道许多关于的事He knows a lot about China.9.say表示说话的内容，speak表示说某种语言的能力What does he sayin the letter?He can speaksome English.10.对事物的喜欢程度likevery much/a

29、 lot 非常喜欢likea little 有点喜欢dont likeat all 一点都不喜欢Many students in our class like Englisha lot, but I like it a little.He doesntlike chocolateat all.11.a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词I have a lot ofEnglish books.12.everyday 每天 each other 相互 some of them 他们中的一些eat out 下馆子，到外面吃饭13.play withsb. 和某人一块玩耍 like to do/

30、doingsth. 喜欢(做)某事She likes to play withKitty.14.Help yourself/yourselves to sth. 随便吃(喝)15.bekind to sb. 对某人很友好They are all kind tome. 他们对我很友好。 Its very kind of you. 你真好。16.be glad to do sth. 很高兴(乐意)做I am very glad to be here. 我很乐意在这里。Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。17.let sb. dosth. 让某人做某事Let me see.让我想一想。Let us help you find him. 让我们帮助你找到他。18.I am home. 我到家了。Maria isnt at home/in now. 玛丽亚现在不在家。