全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一.docx

1、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” _1_ helping you feel

2、 close and _2_ to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _3_ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _4_ getting sick this winter.In a recent study _5_ over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pe

3、nnsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs _6_ the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being _7_ to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come _8_ with a cold ,and the researchers _9_ that the s

4、tress-reducing effects of hugging _10_ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _11_ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe _12_ .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _13_ risk for colds thats usually

5、_14_ with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps _15_ the feeling that others are there to help _16_ difficulty.”Some experts _17_ the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often calle

6、d “the bonding hormone” _18_ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _19_ in the brain, where it _20_ mood, beh

7、avior and physiology.1A Unlike B Besides C Despite D Throughout【答案】B【解析】答案为B。根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs”说明拥抱还有其他结果。因此，前文的逻辑关系应该为“除此以外”。2A connected B restricted C equal D inferior【答案】A【解析】答案为A。本题实为逻辑关系题。根据句子前后结构“helping you feel close and _(2)”，我们可以判断，由于空格处与前面内容通过and连接，说明我们要选择一个单词与feel close

8、同义，并且要与后面介词to 连用。因此，通过对于四个选项含义判断，选项A有“关联的”含义最为符合。3A choice B view C lesson D host【答案】D【解析】答案为D。此题为固定搭配。“a host of”表示大量的。其他选项搭配不合理。4A recall B forget C avoid D keep【答案】C【解析】答案为C。根据题干信息“a warm embrace might even help you _(4)getting sick this winter.”中，出现“even”，表示“甚至”，说明此句话与上一句话存在递进的逻辑关系。上一句话的语义表示“拥抱可

9、以带来大量的好处”，因此，这句话也应该表示拥抱的好处。选项C“避免生病”最符合文意。5A collecting B involving C guiding D affecting【答案】B【解析】答案为B。本题考查现在分词做后置定语，需要选择一个现在分词修饰前面的“study”。根据句子含义，应该表达“关于涉及400人”的研究。6A of B in C at D on【答案】D【解析】答案为D。本题为固定搭配。根据句义“examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_(6)the particip

10、ants”考查固定搭配“examined the effectson sth”。 7A devoted B exposed C lost D attracted【答案】B【解析】答案为B。根据句义“common cold after being_(7)to the virus.”，可知选项B：暴露在细菌中，符合文意。8A across B along C down D out【答案】C【解析】答案为C。本题为固定搭配。结合语境，选项C：得感冒，搭配最为合理。9A calculated B denied C doubted D imagined【答案】A【解析】答案为A。本题为动词与宾语从句搭配

11、问题。根据原文“the researchers_(9)that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _(10)about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.”动作的主语是“研究人员”，连接后面的宾语从句“拥抱减小压力的作用”，并且有数据支撑。宾语从句部分应为研究人员计算推测出的结果。10A served B required C restored D explained【答案】D【解析】答案为D。本题为动词含义考查。根据文章内容，“the stress-reducing effects of hugging _(

12、10)about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.”本题同样考查研究人员做出的研究结果，选项D“解释”符合语境要求。11A Even B Still C Rather D Thus【答案】A【解析】答案为A。本题为逻辑关系题。根据文章上下文逻辑，下文是对上文做进一步说明，因此选择递进关系比较符合逻辑关系。正确答案为选项A。12A defeats B symptoms C tests D errors【答案】B【解析】答案为B。形容词与名词搭配问题。根据语境“the ones who felt greater social support and rec

13、eived more frequent hugs had less severe_(12)”所选词要与severe构成合理搭配，再结合前文语境是关于对于拥抱实验的结果。因此，正确选项为B。13A minimized B highlighted C controlled D increased【答案】D【解析】答案为D。本题为形容词修饰。根据原文“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _(13)risk for colds thats usually _(14)with stress”，需要选择一个形容词来修饰risk。选项D

14、：增加的风险，更符合原文语境。14A equipped B associated C presented D compared【答案】B【解析】答案为B。此题为固定搭配题。A 和B选项不可以和with连接。B.associated可以和with连接，意为“与有关联”。D.compared和with连接表示“和相比”不符合文章要求。15A assess B moderate C generate D record【答案】C【解析】答案为C。此题考查动宾搭配。根据原文“Hugging is a marker of intimacy and help _(15)the feeling”，需要选择一个

15、动词能够和后文的“the feeling”搭配。16A in the face of B in the form of C in the way of D in the name of【答案】A【解析】答案为A。此题为短语搭配题。A. in the face of，意思为：面对。结合文章语境，“面对困难”搭配最为合理。17A transfer B commit C attribute D return【答案】C【解析】答案为C。此题为固定搭配题。即：attribute sth to sth。 18A because B unless C though D until【答案】A【解析】答案为A。

16、此题为逻辑关系题。原文语境：“often called the bonding hormone_(18)it promotes attachment in relationships”从本句来看，前后文属于因果逻辑关系。19A emerges B vanishes C remains D decreases【答案】C【解析】答案为C。本题为动词辨析。语境信息“But some of it _(19)in the brain”，选项C表示它仍然在大脑里存在，最符合文章要求。20A experiences B combines C justifies Dinfluences 【答案】D【解析】答案

17、为D。本题为动词辨析。根据原文语境，“where it _(20)mood, behavior and physiology.”能够搭配后面并列的三个宾语“情绪、行为、和生理”，只有D“影响”。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Firs

18、t two hours , now three hoursthis is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased

19、safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is

20、a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons-both fake and realpast airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced secur

21、ity measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicagos OHare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has becomebut the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airlin

22、e travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute

23、this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. T

24、his allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw. Upcoming ref

25、orms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unne

26、cessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to_.A stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwideB explain Americans tolerance of current security checksC highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. AirportsD emphasize the i

27、mportance of privacy protection【答案】B【解析】答案为B。细节题。根据关键词EgyptAir Flight 804定位到第二段。该关键词所在句为本段第二句，第一句为段落中心句，意为“美国人乐意忍受费时的安全程序作为加强安全的回报”，选项B中security checks是原文security procedures的同义替换，故选项B正确。22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?A New restrictions on carry-on bags.B The d

28、eclining efficiency of the TSA.C An increase in the number of travelers.D Frequent unexpected secret checks.【答案】C【解析】答案为C。细节题。根据关键词long waits at major airports定位到第二段。关键词所在句Enhanced security measures, combined with a rise in the airline travel have resulted in long waits at major airports中的have resul

29、ted in是题干contributes to 的同义词，根据此句可知，排长队的原因有两个：增强的安全措施和航空旅行的增加，选项C中an increase in the number of travelers（旅客人数的增加）是对航空旅行的增加的同义替换，航空旅行增加意味着旅客人数的增加，故选项C正确。23. The word “expedited”(Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to _.A quieterB fasterC widerD cheaper【答案】B【解析】答案为B。词义题。根据关键词expedited和选项内容定位到第五段。本段

30、是在讲过安检时的PreCheck这一程序，该关键词所在句的后一句提到“这节约了每个人的时间”，显然通过预先安检的乘客进入安检通道的时间减少了，即速度“更快了”，四个选项中选项B符合文意，故正确。24. One problem with the PreCheck program is _.A a dramatic reduction of its scaleB its wrongly-directed implementationC the governments reluctance to back itD an unreasonable price for enrollment【答案】D【解

31、析】答案为D。细节题。题干问的是“预先安检项目的一个问题是什么”，第六段中出现了PreChecks fatal flaw，其中flaw是题干中problem的同义替换，故将答案定位至该词组所在句，该句意为“这个价格一直是预先安检的致命缺陷”，所以“预先安检项目的一个问题”是价格问题，故选项D正确。25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text ?A Getting Stuck in Security LinesB PreCheck a Belated SolutionC Less Screening for More SafetyD Underused PreCheck Lanes【答案】B【解析】答案为B。主旨题。题干问本