服务器安装教程.docx

1、服务器安装教程一、 安装准备解决yum命令无法使用问题#vi /etc/resolv.conf在此文件中最后加入nameserver 8.8.8.81、关闭firewall：systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewallsystemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动二、 JDK1. 查看jdk的信息或直接执行rpm -qa|grep jdk2. 卸载已有版本yum -y remove java java-1.7.0-openjdk*3. 安装cd /home/softwarerpm -ivh jd

2、k-7u67-linux-x64.rpm4. 环境变量# vi /etc/profileexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jarexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin设置生效# source /etc/profile测试# java -version三、 MySQL1. 安装cmakewget http:/www.cmake.org/files/v2.8

3、/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz系统中已经安装了g+和ncurses-devel，如果没有安装使用下面的命令安装：rootadmin /# yum install gcc-c+rootadmin /# yum install ncurses-devel# yum install perl(Data:Dumper)2. 安装mysql# groupadd mysql# useradd -r -g mysql mysql# cd /home/software# cp mysql-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/# cd /u

4、sr/local# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gzshell ln -s mysql-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysqlshell cd mysqlshell chown -R mysql .shell chgrp -R mysql .创建目录 /home/data/mysql/datashell scripts/mysql_install_db -user=mysql -datadir=/home/data/mysql/datashell chown -R root .shell cho

5、wn -R mysql data# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/ # cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql # cp my-f /etc/f # cp: overwrite /etc/f? y rootmysql5 support-files# chkconfig -add mysql rootmysql5 support-files# chkconfig mysql on # vi /etc/f数据文件路径，缓存优化，字符集mysqldefault-character-set=utf8mb4mysqld# The

6、 default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is# created and no character set is definedcharacter-set-server=utf8mb4innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8Gdatadir = /home/data/mysql/data# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin rootmysql5 support-files# service mysql start# mysql u roo

7、t pmysql use mysql;mysql update user set password=password(Li721Zhong) where user=root;mysql FLUSH PRIVILEGES;四、 Nginx./configure -prefix=/usr/local/nginxmakemake install安装gcc-c+# yum install -y gcc-c+安装purge # wget # tar zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.1.tar.gz./configuremake & make install安装zlibtar -xvf安装o

8、penssl-fipstar -xvf安装nginxwget http:/nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gztar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gzcd nginx-1.9.9./configure -with-pcre=./pcre-8.38location .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ root /home/web/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/webapps/pss; expires 30d; 五、 Tomcattar -zxvf apache-tom

9、cat-7.0.55.tar.gz -C /home/webTomcat自动启动# vi /etc/init.d/tomcat#!/bin/sh# chkconfig: 345 99 10# description: Auto-starts tomcat# /etc/init.d/tomcatd# Tomcat auto-start# Source function library.#. /etc/init.d/functions# source networking configuration.#. /etc/sysconfig/networkRETVAL=0export JDK_HOME=

10、/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$CLASSPATHexport CATALINA_HOME=/home/web/apache-tomcat-7.0.55export CATALINA_BASE=/home/web/apache-tomcat-7.0.55start() if -f $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh ; then echo $Starti

11、ng Tomcat $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh RETVAL=$? echo OK return $RETVAL fistop() if -f $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh ; then echo $Stopping Tomcat $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh RETVAL=$? sleep 1 ps -ef | grep apache-tomcat|grep -v grep | awk print $2|xargs kill -9 echo OK # $RETVAL -eq 0 & rm -f /

12、var/lock/. return $RETVAL ficase $1 instart) start ;stop) stop ;restart) echo $Restaring Tomcat $0 stop sleep 1 $0 start ;*) echo $Usage: $0 start|stop|restart exit 1 ;esacexit $RETVALchmod +x /etc/init.d/tomcatln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat/etc/rc2.d/S65tomcatchkconfig -add tomcatchkconfig tomcat onchmod

13、 a+x *.sh安装APRyum -y install gcccd /usr/local/srctar -xzvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gzcd apr-1.5.2./configuremakemakeinstallcd /usr/local/src tar -xzvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gzcd apr-util-1.5.4./configure -with-apr=/usr/local/apr makemakeinstallcd /usr/local/srctar -xzvf tomcat-native.tar.gzcd tomcat-native-1.1.3

14、1-src/jni/native./configure -with-apr=/usr/local/apr -with-java-home=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67makemakeinstallvi /etc/profileexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/libsource/etc/profile请关闭SSL侦听，除非你有使用SSL六、 数据库备份与还原rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpmyum -y install perl perl-devel libaio

15、 libaio-devel perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQLrpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup# 完整备份innobackupex -defaults-file=/etc/f -database=bessky_pss /home/backup/ -user=root -password=Li721Zhongtar zcvf 文件名.tar.gz 目标名# 完整还原# mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql_bakservice mysql stoprm -rf /home/data/mysql/datainnobacku

16、pex -defaults-file=/etc/f -user=root -apply-log /home/backup/2015-12-03_00-33-10innobackupex -defaults-file=/etc/f -user=root -copy-back /home/backup/2015-12-03_00-33-10chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql/datachown mysql:mysql /home/data/mysql/data/ib*cd /usr/local/mysqlscripts/mysql_install_db -u

17、ser=mysql -datadir=/home/data/mysql/data其中，-user指定连接数据库的用户名，-password指定连接数据库的密码，-defaults-file指定数据库的配置文件，innobackupex要从其中获取datadir等信息；-database指定要备份的数据库，这里指定的数据库只对MyISAM表和InnoDB表的表结构有效，对于InnoDB 数据来说都是全备（所有数据库中的InnoDB数据都进行了备份，不是只备份指定的数据库，恢复时也一样）；/mysqlbackup是备份文件的存放位置。七、 其他命令查看服务端口netstat -anp|grepmy

18、sql查看ipIfconfig关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld.service修改ip# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em1（eth0，第一块网卡，如果是第二块则为eth1）按如下修改ipDEVICE=eth0（如果是第二块刚为eth1）BOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.16.11(改成要设置的IP)NETMASK=255.255.255.0 (子网掩码)GATEWAY=192.168.16.1DNS1=61.235.70.98DNS2=183.62.99.113DNS3=202.96.1

19、28.86ONBOO=yesTYPE=EthernetBOOTPROTO=noneDEFROUTE=yesIPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=noIPV6INIT=yesIPV6_AUTOCONF=yesIPV6_DEFROUTE=yesIPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=noNAME=em1UUID=a972cfe5-7d14-4df9-98a9-e9f6b0013a04ONBOOT=yesIPADDR0=192.168.16.205PREFIX0=24GATEWAY0=192.168.16.1DNS1=192.168.16.1HWADDR=B8:2A:72:D9:F8:F9IPV6_P

20、EERDNS=yesIPV6_PEERROUTES=yes然后# service network restartIP地址生效，重启系统后不变如果是临时修改IP重启系统后恢复原始IP则用以下命令# ifconfig em1 192.168.16.202 netmask 255.255.255.0修改DNS# vi /etc/resolv.confnameserver 202.96.128.86nameserver 8.8.8.8vi /etc/hosts178.236.5.114 mws-178.236.6.88 mws-178.236.4.102 mws-176.32.100.48 176.3

21、2.98.70 178.236.4.102 mws.amazonservices.co.uk176.32.100.48 mws.amazonservices.ca173.0.84.101 api-173.0.92.21 api-66.135.211.101 66.135.211.97 66.135.211.96 66.135.223.10 .hk修改映射Vi /etc/hosts修改时区TzselectASISTZ=Asia/Shanghai; export TZln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime写入bois# hwclock -wVi /etc/sysconfig/clockZONE=Asia/ShanghaiUTC=falseARC=false重启 shutdown -r now复制文件