北京中考英语试题及答案解析.docx

1、北京中考英语试题及答案解析2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试 英语试卷姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 1. 考生须知本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分。考试时间90分钟。2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5. 考试结束，将本试卷、答题卡卡和草稿纸一并交回。 知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 brother and I like foo

2、tball. play it together once a week.A. I B. They C. We D. You birthday, Peter! Here s a gift you.A. for B. in C. with D. from3. - do you usually go to school, Mary By bike.A. When B. How C. Where D. Why people like pandas they are cute.A. though B. if C. while D. because5. I go now, or I ll miss my

3、train.A. can B. might C. must D. could is of the three boys, but he is the tallest.A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening.A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read, what were you doing at nine Last night-I a movie in the cinema wit

4、h my friends.A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch9. David a tennis player, He to play tennis when he was six years old.A. begins B. will begin C. began D. has begun10. -Lucy, is your uncle a teacher-Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years.A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching

5、D. will teach11. A new international airport in the city next year.A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed12. -Alice, could you tell me London-Sure. Last SundayA. when Mr. Smith left B. when Mr. Smith will leaveC. when did Mr. Smith leave D. when will Mr. Smith leave二、完形填空

6、（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Real Solutions (解决方法）to Problems Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problemsOne day, the team was called for a 13 in a

7、hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 14 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flatballoonsThe manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective(各自的）balloons 15 so that

8、 the balloons wouldn t blow out. All tried, but not everyone was 16 . Five balloons blew out due to pressure(压力).Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 17 out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were 18 and then put

9、into a room, here and there.The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on,All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 19 the right one. The second level of the game was over.Then came the final level

10、, the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons 20 the hands of the respective engineers.The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us rea

11、l solutions to problems.13.A. gameB. showC. concertD. patry14.A. purposesB. suggestionsC. thoughtsD. plans15.A. quietlyB. carefullyC. secretlyD. clearly16.A. bonestB. readyC. patientD. succeesful17.A. checkedB. helpedC. ruledD. cleaned18.A. collectedB. weighedC. tiedD. cleaned19.A. markB. hideC. num

12、berD. find20.A. freedB. reachedC. liftedD. hit阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）ARoger: Hi, there ! It was my 15th birthday last Saturday. Some of my friends and Alan, my cousin, came to celebrate it. Everyone brought me a gift, we played games, sang songs and had a bi

13、g birthday cake. It was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything special last weekJessica: Yes, My class were on a school field trip last week. First, We went to the University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students there. Then we

14、visited a museum. We learned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.Sara: Well, I was lucky enough to go to a conference (会议）on charity (慈善）last Wednesday.I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy named Richard. He spoke at the conference about th

15、e charity work that he had done in the past few years.Martin: It was a different week than usual, Last Thursday, my school band(乐队）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea life

16、 from over the world. It was really cool!21. When did Roger have his birthday partyA. Last Wednesday B. last thursdayC. Last Friday D. Last Saturday.22. Who went on a school field trip last weekA. Alan. B. Jessica C. Sara D. Richard.23. Martin went to Atlanta .A. speak at a conference B. organize a

17、party C. perform in a competition D. visit a universityBA Beautiful MomentWhen I was in high school. I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day, as I was preparing the fruits. A little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and the girl

18、, five or six. They were looking the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom(in French)，They re good! I knew it was French. Because I can speak and understand it.Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was fa

19、cing them. But then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. And often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together, I was sure she was blind.Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits

20、 . The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket . The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a

21、way that never happened before . It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.It was great to witness the moment, but not so great beca

22、use I didn t tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .this is what I regret to this day.24. The women and her kids came to the market to buy .A. fruits B. vegetables C. candies D. toys25. According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn t .A. speak B. see C. sme

23、ll D. hear26. The writer was moved because .A. the mother was brave to face her problems.B. the kids were polite and kind to each otherC. the mother was careful in picking out thingsD. the kids were so willing to help their motherCSome primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green

24、 space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated(关联)with beneficial effects on cognitive function (认知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.The stud

25、y was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain . Lifelong exposure(接触）to green space in the living places was recordedusing the information on the children s addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Working me

26、mory and inattentiveness (注意力不集中）were graded with computers.“This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand，the leading researcher of the study, “Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life

27、 could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.” The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of wh

28、ite and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a greater increase in workin

29、g memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn

30、 positively influence brain development.Dr. Dadvands study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development, it also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the ben

31、efits of increasing greenness in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.27. The second paragraph is mainly about .A. how the study was performe

32、d B. what was recorded in the studyC. how long the study lasted D. who took part in the study28. The word“prompt”in paragraph 6 probably means“ ”.A. control B. encourage C. balance D. change29. What can we learn from the passageA. Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain.B. Dr. Dadvand stressed