词根词缀手册080927最新编辑.docx

1、词根词缀手册080927最新编辑a- =of,on; form,away from,off; out,extremelya- = not,without ab- =form,away from,off abio =abiosis(无生命,无机)-ability (n,抽象名词) 可.性-able (adj) 可的-ably (adv) 可.地abs- =from eg. abstain tain=keepac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n

2、,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)-ac 有.关系acanth = spinose (有刺的) -ace (n,抽象名词) -aceous (adj) acid,acr =sour(酸的),sharp(锐利的) -acious (n,抽象名词) -acious (adj) -acity (n,抽象名词) 性质等-acle (n,抽象名词) 构成名词 acousto =sound(声音)acro = high(高)act =to act(行动) acuti = acuate(尖的，尖锐的)-acy (n,抽象名词) 性质等ad-,ac-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,a

3、r-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)-ade (n,抽象名词) aer(o),ar,aro=air(空气)af-,ac-,ad-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)Afro-表“非洲的, 非洲以及.的”之义ag-,ac-,ad-,af-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-

4、,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)ag =act-age, (n,抽象名词) 费用,状态,行为,身份,总称agog(ue) =to lead(领导)agr(o) =farm(农)-aholic,-oholic (人) 嗜好者ail,alter,altru,ulter =other(其他的,变更)-ain (人)-aire (人)al- =all al-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意

5、义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)al,ol,ul =to nourish(滋养)-al (人) 具有职务的人 -al (n,抽象名词) 行为,人,物 加于动词后-al (adj) -ality (n,抽象名词) 性allo = difference(分歧,不同)-ally (adv) 方式，程度等alt =high(高的) alter,ail,altru,ulter =other(其他的) 变更altru,alter,ail,ulter =other(其他的) 变更am(ic), =to l

6、ove(爱) amb =roundambi- =on both sides,about,around ambul =walk(行走)amido =amido(氨基)amphi(c)-=both sidesampl=large(巨大)amylo- 表”淀粉”(amylum)之义an- =negative(否定) = not,without an-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)-an (人) 地

7、方的人,精通的人-an (adj) -an (adv) 属于.的ana- =upon,on,up,apart-ance (n,抽象名词) 情况等-ancy (n,抽象名词) 情况等ancylo =attend(参加)andro =mankind or masculine(男性或阳性)-aneity (n,抽象名词) 性质等anemo- =wind(风)-aneous (adj) ang =to strangle(勒死；窒息) angio- =vessel(脉管), skin(包被)angl,angul =angle(角) Anglo- =Britain(英国)angul,angl =angle

8、(角) anim =breath(气息),mind(心) eg. Unanimous 一致同意的ann,en(ni) =year(年) ant(i)- =against,opposite to(与pro-相反) -ant (人)-ant (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ant (adj) ante- =before(与post-相反) antho- =flower(花)anthrop(o) =man(人类) ap-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,

9、p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)apo- =away apt =fit(适当的) aqua, aque=water(水) aque, aqua=water(水) ar-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)ar,aer,aro =air(空气)-ar (人)-ar (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ar (adj) arch =chief, leader,ruler(统治者) arc

10、h(a)eo- 表示“古老的, 原始的”之义ard=heat(热)-ard (人) （贬义）-arian (adj) 兼名词 (n,a)-arily (adv) -arium (n,抽象名词) 场所arm =weapons(武器)aro,ar,aer =air(空气)art =skill(技巧)，art（技术） -art (人) 做的人arthro = joint(结合) eg. arthritis n. 关节炎-arian (人) 派别的人-ary (人) 从事的人-ary (n,抽象名词) 场所,物-ary (adj) as-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-

11、,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)-asm (n,抽象名词) 性质-ast (人) aster, astro=star(星)-aster (人) (谦称)astro, aster =star(星)at-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c; 加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)-ate (人)-ate

12、 (n,抽象名词) 职位,职权,化学名词-ate (adj) -ate (v.) 成为处理,作用 其名词形式为ation-atic (adj) -atie (adj) -ation (n,抽象名词) 行为，情况-ative (adj) 与.有关的 atom =air or steam(空气, 蒸汽)-ator (人) 做的人 -atory (n,抽象名词) 场所, 地点-atory (adj)auct,aug =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)aud(io) =sound(声)aug,auct =to increase(增强),to make,t

13、o grow(使产生，使增大)aur=hear(耳)auri =gold(金)aut(o) =self(自我)aux =to assist (辅助)avi =bird(鸟)az(o)- =azote(氮)bacterio =bacterium(细菌)band,bond =to beat(捆绑)bar =bar(横木)baro =heavy(重),press(压)bat=to beat(打)bat,bas =to,go(走)bas,bat =to,go(走)baso=base(基础, 底部)be- =to make,upon,by,to cover with(加以.; 用.)bell =war(

14、战争)bene- =well,good(与male相反)benzo=benzene(苯)bi(n)- =double,two (bi在元音之前加n)biblio =book(书)-bility, (n,抽象名词) 动作,性质,状态bio =life(生命)blanc =white(白色)blasto =embryo(芽, 胚胎)-ble (adj) 表示倍数的含义brachio =arm(臂)brachy =short(短)brew,brev,bri =short(短的)brev,brew,bri =short(短的)bri,brev,brew =short(短的) brig =hit(打，战

15、斗)broncho =windpipe(气管)bond,band =to beat(捆绑) by- =aside,beside,informal(非正式)caco- =badness(恶)cad,cas,cid,=to fall(落下，降临)caeco =caecum(盲肠)caeno =common(普通, 共同)caino- =new(新), newly(最近)calc(i) =calcium(钙) eg. Calcutcalli- =comeliness(美丽)calor =heat(热)camp =field(田野) cand =white(白色),bright(光亮的) cant,c

16、ent,chant =to sing,(唱歌) cap =heap(头) cap(t),ceive,cept,cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得) car =car(车),to run(跑) carb(o)=carbon(碳)card =paper(纸)cardi(o) =heart(心)carn =flesh(肉)carpo- =fruit(果实)caryo-, karyo- =karyon(细胞核)cas,cad,cid,=to fall(落下) cast =to throw(投掷) cata, cath, kata =under(下面),against(对)

17、cate- =down,downwards,fully cath, cata=under(下面),against(对)cauli-, caulo- =caudex(茎)caulo-, cauli- =caudex(茎)cav =hollow(中空的) -ce, (n,抽象名词) 行为,性质,状态ceal,veal =to hide(隐藏)ce(e)d,cap(t),ced(e),cess =to go(去)，to yield(让步) ced(e),cap(t),ce(e)d,cess =to go(去)，to yield(让步) ced(e),ce(e)d,cap(t),cess =to go

18、(去)，to yield(让步) ceive,cept, cap(t),cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得)celer =swift(快速)celio- =abdomen(腹部)cellul- =cellular(细胞的)celo-, coel =cavity(内腔)cent,cant,chant =to sing,(唱歌) ceno-, coeno- = common(普通, 共同)cent =hundred(百) centi- =one percent (百分之一,厘)centr-=central(中心)cephal- =head(头)cept, cap(t)

19、,ceive, cip(ate) =to take(取);to catch(获得)cern,crel =to separate(分离,区别) cer(c)- =cauda(尾), caudate(有尾的)cerebell- =cerebellar(小脑的)cerebr- =cerebral(大脑的)cero- =cere(蜡)cert =sure(确定) cervi- =deer(鹿), corvine(鹿的)cervic- =neck(颈部)cess,cap(t),ced(e),ceed =to go(去)，to yield(让步) cet- =whale(鲸)chaeto- =thorn(

20、刺),bristle(刚毛)chalco- =copper(铜), bronze(青铜)chant,cant,cent =to sing,(唱歌) cheiro- =bronze(手)cheli- =pincers(螯)chem- =chemistry(化学)chil- =lip(唇)Chino =China(中国)Chiro =hand(手)chlor =green or chlorine(绿, 氯)chol =gallbladder(胆)chondrio =cartilage(软骨)chord, cord =cord(绳索,束缚)chori =chorion(绒毛膜)Christo =Ch

21、rist(基督)chrom =color(颜色)chromat =colour or coloration(颜色, 染色)chromo =colour(颜色)chron =time(时间) chrys- =gold(金), golden(金色)-cian (人) .学家 cid,cad,cas=to fall(落下)cide,cis =to cut(切) cine- =movie(电影)cip(ate),cap,capt,cept=to take(取) to catch(获得)circ(l),cyc =ring(圆,环) circu(m)- =around,round,about cirr-

22、=cirri(触毛)cis,cide =to cut(切) cis-, citra- =on this sidecite =to call(呼叫),to urge(驱策) citra-, cis- =on this side-city (n,抽象名词) 性质clado =sprout or branch(芽或枝)cla(i)m =to cry(大叫) clar =clear(清楚)-cle (n,含”小”意) 表示个体、个别cleido-, cleisto- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)cleisto-, cleido- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)climat- = climate(气候

23、)clin,cliv =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) cliv,clin =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) clos,clud,clus =to shut(关闭) clud,clos,clus =to shut(关闭) clus,clos,clud =to shut(关闭) co,com,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)coct =to cook(煮；烹调) coel, celo- =cavity(内腔)coeno-, ceno- = common(普通，共同)cogn(is), gnos =to kon

24、w(知道) col,cult =to till(耕种) col,co,com,con,cop,cor-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)colo- =colon(结肠)con,co,com,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)com,co,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)compu =computer (电脑)commun =common(共同的) concho =c

25、onch(贝壳)contro,counter =against,contra(相反地)cop,co,com,con,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)copro =dung(粪)cor,co,com,con,cop,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地) (接r,l时双写r,l)coralli- =coral(珊瑚)cord,chord =cord(绳索,束缚)corp(or) =boby(身体),group(团体)cortico- =skin(皮)cosmo =order(秩序),

26、regularity(调和)cosm(o) =universe(宇宙) costo- =ribbing(肋骨), nervure(翅脉)count =to count(计算) counter-,contro- =against,contra(相反地)cour(s),cur(r) =to run(流，跑) cover =to cover(掩盖) crac(y), (n,抽象名词) 统治,支配 -craft, (n,抽象名词) 工艺,技巧 cranio- =skull(颅骨)-crat (人) 某种政体,主义的参加者、支持者cre(s),creas =to make(制造),to grow(生长)

27、 creas,cre(s)=to make(制造),to grow(生长) cre(e)d =to believe(相信) crel,cern =to separate(分离,区别) crim =accnsation(控诉),crime(罪行) crimin =spacecrit =to judge(判断) cross- =across,joincruc =cross(十字；交叉) crusta =shell (壳)cryo kryo=cold(冷、冻)crypt =hidden (隐藏)crystall =crystal(结晶)cub =lie(躺、卧)-cule (n,含”小”意)cul=

28、cultivate(培养)culp =blame(过失),guilt(罪过) cult,col=to till(耕、种) cumb =to lie down(横躺) cupr =cuprum(铜)cur(r),cour(s) =to run(流，跑) cure =to take care(注意，留心) curvi- =bend(弯曲)cuss =to strike(打击),to shake(摇动) -cy, (n,抽象名词) 性质,状态,职位,级别,场所 cyano- =blue(蓝色), navy blue(深蓝色)cyber- =computer(计算机)cyc,circ(l), =rin

29、g(圆,环) cyclo = circularity(圆、圆周)cymo-,kymo- =wave(波)cyst- =vesicle(囊, 胞)de- =down(下),downward(向下) (与in相反)de- =apart,from de-=negative(否定) 除去,向下,降低, 使成.，加强意义deb,du =to owe(负债) dec(a), deka =ten(十), ten times(十倍)deci- =tenth(十分之一)dei =god(神) dem(o) =people(民众) demono- =demon(魔鬼)demi- =half dendr- =tre

30、e(树木)dent =tooth(牙齿) derm(at)=skin(皮肤) dex- =right (右，右手，机灵)di =day(日)di- =double,twice dia- =through,between,across dica =to proclaim(宣称), point out指出dic(t),dit =to say(说)dif- =not,against,apart 用在f前 dign =worthy(有价值的)dipl- =pair(一对), couple(一双)dis- =not,against,apart,make to (有时接以s开头词时要省一个s,如distinct)dit =give(给)divid,divis =to