锅炉原理课程设计计算doc.docx

1、锅炉原理课程设计计算doc锅炉原理课程设计一、热力计算（一）燃料燃烧计算1.锅炉参数（1）锅炉蒸发量 D 30t/h（2）蒸汽压力 P 0.13MPa（3）蒸汽温度 tgr 350（4）给水温度 tgs 105（5）冷空气温度 tlk 30（6）锅炉排污率 P 5%2设计燃料与特性：收到基成分CarHarOarNarSarAarMar（%）56.592.692.930.940.7529.66.5挥发分26.76%收到基低位发热量（热值）21280kj/kg3.锅炉各受热面的漏风系数和过量空气系数锅炉各受热面漏风系数和过量空气系数序号锅炉受热面漏风系数入口处过量空气系数出口处过量空气系数aaa1

2、炉膛0.11.31.42凝渣管01.41.43蒸汽过热器0.031.41.434锅炉管束0.051.431.485省煤器0.11.481.586空气预热器0.031.581.614.理论空气量、理论烟气容积的计算理论空气量、理论烟气容积序号名称单位计算公式结果1理论空气量m3/kg0.0889*（Car+0.375*Sar）+0.265*Har-0.0333*Oar5.672三原子气体容积m3/kg0.01866*（Car+0.375*Sar)1.0653理论氮气容积m3/kg0.79Vk0+0.8*Nar/1004.48684理论水蒸气容积m3/kg0.111Har+0.0124*Mar+0

3、.0111*Vk00.2765.各受热面烟道中烟气特性表各受热面烟道中烟气特性表序号名称符号单位炉膛与防渣管过热器锅炉管束省煤器空预器1平均过量空气系数apj1.41.4151.4551.531.5952实际水蒸气容积Vh20m3/kg0.31251480.3138840.3175360.3243820.3303163烟气总容积Vym3/kg8.09588.180858.407658.83299.201454RO2容积份额rR020.1315496920.1301820.126670.1205720.1157435H2O容积份额rH200.0340917510.0337370.0328270.

4、0312470.0299956三原子气体总容积份额rq0.1656414440.1639190.1594980.1518190.145738（三）炉膛的热力计算1.炉膛结构特性（1）标高计算结构名称计算公式标高（mm）A1400+1085tg91572B1400+4370 tg92092C/F2092+1305tg553956D7300+1900tg157809E7300G3956-920tg203621H1600+320tg602154 I前联箱中心标高1600炉膛结构个点标高示意图（2）炉膛包覆面积1）侧墙A=(7.300-3.956)+(7.809-3.956)*0.5*1.900=6.

5、84B=1.305*(3.956-2.092)*0.5=1.22C=(1.572-1.100)+(2.092-1.100)*0.5*3.285=2.4D=0.595*(3.956-1.100)=1.70E=(3.956-1.100)+(3.621-1.100)*0.5*0.920=2.47F=(2.154-1.100)+(1.600-1.100)*0.5*0.32=0.25Fcq=6.84+1.22+2.4+1.70+2.47+0.25=14.882）后墙 1.572-1.100=0.472mAB=(2.092-1.572)/sin9=3.32mBC=1.305/sin35=2.28mCD=7

6、.809-3.956=3.85mFhq=(0.47+3.32+2.28+3.85)*2.72=26.983）前、顶墙 1.600-1.100=0.50mHI=0.32/cos60=0.64mFG=0.92/cos20=0.98mGH=3.621-2.154=1.47mEF=7.30-3.956=3.34mED=1.90/cos15=1.97mFqq=(0.50+0.64+0.98+1.47+3.34+1.97)*2.72=24.214）炉壁总面积 Fbz=2*14.88+26.98+24.21=80.95(3)炉排有效面积 （2.092-1.572）/tg9=3.28m 0.595+0.92+

7、0.32=1.84m R=(3.28+1.84)*2.3=11.78(4)炉膛容积 Fcq*2.72=14.88*2.72=40.47(5)炉膛有效辐射受热面1）前顶 后水冷壁示意图DE+EF-(4.40-3.956)=1.97+3.34-0.44=4.87m(曝光)（0.64+0.98+1.47+3.34+1.97）-4.87=3.53m（覆盖耐火涂料层）S=170,d=51,e=25.5,n=16(根)，S/d=3.33,e/d=0.5查线算图7-5得x1=0.59，x2=1 Hq1=(16-1)*0.17*4.87*0.59=7.33 Hq2=(16-1)*0.17*3.53*1=9.0

8、3由表7-1查得：1=0.6，2=0.2所以，Hq=0.6*7.33+0.2*9.33=6.22）后墙DC+CB-1.5(烟窗高度)=3.85+2.28-1.5=4.63m AB=3.32mS=170,d=51,e=25.5,n=16根，S/d=3.33,e/d=0.5查图7-5得x1=0.59，x2=1所以，Hh1=(16-1)*0.17*4.63*0.59=6.97 Hh2=(16-1)*0.17*3.32*1=8.47由表7-1查得：1=0.6，2=0.2所以，Hh=0.6*6.97+0.2*8.47=5.883)烟窗S=340,d=51,l=1.5m,x=1,n=8,=0.6所以，Hc

9、h=(n-0.5)slx=(8-0.5)*0.34*1.5*1=3.83Hch=0.6*3.83=2.34)侧墙水冷壁A=(7.300-2.300)+(7.587-2.300)*0.5*1.050-0.08(后拱遮盖面积)=5.40-0.08=5.32B=(7.640-3.956)+(7.809-3.956)*0.5*0.630+0.5*0.63*0.9=2.374+0.284=2.66C=(2.300-1.100)*1.05-0.08(后拱遮盖面积)=1.18S=105,d=51,e=65,S/d=2.06,e/d=65/51=1.275得x1=0.87,x2=1所以，Hc1=(5.32+2

10、.66)*0.87=6.94 Hc2=1.18*1=1.18 Hc=0.6*6.94+0.2*1.18=4.17+0.24=4.4 H=6.20+5.88+2.3+2*4.4=23.18(6)炉膛平均热有效系数 l= H/Fbz=23.18/80.95=0.286(7)炉膛有效辐射层厚度 S=3.6Vl/Fl=3.6*40.47/(80.95+11.78)=1.57m(8)燃烧面与炉墙面积之比=R/Fbz=11.78/80.95=0.1462炉膛的热力计算（四）凝渣管的热力计算1.凝渣管结构计算（1）第1/2排（错列部分）Sl=340,d=51,n=8根/排，S1/d=340/51=6.67,

11、查图7-5，x=0.21)受热面积H=dl*2n=3.14*0.051*1.5*2*8=3.842)烟气流通截面积F=2.85*1.5-8*1.5*0.051=3.66(2)第3、4排（顺列部分）S1=170,d=51,n=16根/排,S1/d=170/51=3.33,查图7-5，x=0.411)受热面面积H=dl*2n=3.14*0.051*1.5*2*16=7.682)烟气流通截面积F=2.85*1.5-16*1.5*0.051=3.05(3)凝渣管1）总受热面积H=H+H=3.84+7.68=11.522)烟气平均流通截面积（H+H）/(H/F+H/F)=(3.84+7.68)/(3.8

12、4/3.66+7.68/3.05)=3.233)凝渣管受炉膛辐射面积Hfz=3.834)凝渣管角系数Xnz=1-（1-x）2*(1-x)2=1-(1-0.2)2*(1-0.41)2=0.775)凝渣管有效辐射受热面积 Hnzf=Xfz*Hfx=0.77*3.83=2.956)横向平均节距S1=(S1*H+S1*H)+H=(0.34*3.84+0.17*7.68)/11.52=0.227m7)纵向节距 S2=0.180m8）烟气有效辐射层厚度S=0.9d(S1S2/d22*4/-1)=0.9*0.051(0.227*0.18/0.0512*4/3.14-1)=0.873m9）比值1=S1/d=0

13、.227/0.051=4.45; 2=S2/d=0.18/0.051=3.532.凝渣管的热力计算（表）（五）蒸汽过热器的热力计算 1.蒸汽过热器的结构计算（1）结构尺寸管径 d=0.038/0.031m横向平均节距S1=(S1+S1)/2=(0.068+0.102)/2=0.085m纵向节距S2=0.1m;横向排数z1=30排；纵向排数z2=8排（2）横向冲刷烟气流通截面积 Fhx=(2.85-30*0.038)*1=1.71纵向冲刷烟气流通截面积Fzx=a*b-z1*z2d2/4=(1.03-0.051)*2.85-30*8*0.0382/4=2.52(3)横向冲刷受热面积Hhx=z1*z

14、2*d*l=30*8*3.14*0.038*1=28.64(4)纵向冲刷受热面面积 Hzx=z1*z2*dl=30*8*3.14*0.038*0.57=16.32（5）总受热面面积 H=Hzx+Hhx=28.64+16.32=44.96（6）逆流部分蒸汽流通截面积 fnl=32*/4*0.0312=0.0241(7)顺流部分蒸汽流通截面积 fsl=28*0.0312=0.0211(8)蒸汽平均流通截面积f=1/2(fnl+fsl)=1/2*(0.0241+0.0211)=0.0226(9)管间有效辐射层厚度S=0.9d(4S1*S2/d2-1)=0.9*0.038*(4*0.085*0.1/*0.0382-1)=0.222m(10)纵向冲刷当量直径ddl=4F/U=4(2.85*0.979-8*30*/4*0.0382)/(2*（2.85+0.979）+8*30*0.038)=0.227m(11)比值1=S1/d=0.085/0.038=2.24;2=S2/d=0.1/0.038=2.632.蒸汽过热器的热力计算（表）