医学英语第一册词汇表.docx

1、医学英语第一册词汇表Unit 1 The human body（插入部分）Medical TerminologyPrefixesMeaningExamplesa-, an-notwithoutasymptomatic 无症状的anemia 贫血de-reverseremove fromdefibrillator 除颤剂dehydration 脱水ab-away fromabductor 外展肌abnormality 异常ad-, ac-, af-, ag-towardadductor 收肌acceptor 受体afferent 传入的，输入的aggravate 加重，加剧（病情等）ante-b

2、eforeforwardantenatal 产前的anteversion 前倾post-afterbehindpostpartal 产后的postdigestive 消化后的supra-abovebeyondsupracranial 颅上的supranasal 鼻上的infra-belowbeneathinfracostal 肋下的infrared 红外线hyper-aboveexcessivebeyondhypertension 高血压hyperglycemia 高血糖hypo-underdeficientbelowhypothalamus 下丘脑hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退

3、epi-aboveoveruponepithelial 上皮的epidermis 表皮sub-underbeneathsubcutaneous 皮下的subhepatic 肝下的intra-withinintravenous 静脉的intramuscular 肌的extra-outsideextracellular 细胞外的extracranial 颅外的endo-insidewithinendocrine 分泌的endocarditis 心膜炎ex-, exo-outexocrine 外分泌的exotoxin 外毒素inter-betweenintercostal 肋间的interneuro

4、n 中间神经元circum-aroundcircumvascular 血管周的circumrenal 肾周的peri-aroundsurroundingpericardial 心包的periosteum骨膜ana-upbackwardagainstanabolism 合成代anatomy 解剖学cata-downundercatabolism 分解代catalysis 催化contra-againstoppositecontraindication 禁忌症contraception 避孕anti-againstantibiotic 抗生素antiviral 抗病毒的；抗病毒药dys-abnor

5、maldifficultbadimpaireddyspepsia 消化不良dyspnea 呼吸困难eu-goodnormaleugenics 优生学eupepsia 消化正常para-alongsidenearbeyondabnormalparasympathetic 副交感的parathyroid甲状旁腺paralysis 瘫痪，麻痹dia-throughthroughoutdialysis 透析diagnosis 诊断bi-twobiceps 二头肌bilateral 两侧的semi-halfsemipermeable 半透性的semilunar 半月形的meta-changemetabo

6、lism 新代metastasis 转移trans-acrosstransplantation 移植术transaminase 转氨酶ultra-beyondexcessultrasonography 超声检查法ultramicroscope 超显微镜Unit 2 Human diseases（插入部分）Medical TerminologySuffixesMeaningExamplesnominal ending-aactprocessconditionaerobia 需氧菌placenta 胎盘-elymphocyte 淋巴细胞isotope 同位素-iscutis 皮肤prognosis

7、 预后-onneuron 神经元colon 结肠-umcerebrum 大脑pericardium 心包-usstimulus 刺激物nucleus 核-ybiopsy 活组织检查physiology 生理学adjectival ending-acpertaining tocardiac 心脏的；贲门的-aceoussebaceous 皮脂的-albuccal 颊的-armuscular 肌肉的-arybiliary 胆汁的-ealesophageal 食管的-icoptic 眼的；视力的-oryrespiratory 呼吸的-ousinfectious 传染性的；感染性的mucous 粘液的

8、diminutive suffixes-cul(e), -clesmalllittleventricular 心室的；脑室的corpuscle 小体，细胞vesicle 小水泡-ellorganelle 细胞器；小器官circellus 小环-ill(us, a, um)capillary 毛细血管bacillus 杆菌-olarteriole 小动脉，微动脉bronchiole 细支气管-ul(e)venule 小静脉，微静脉lobule 小叶diseased condition-esisabnormal or pathological conditiondiauresis 利尿-ialeu

9、kemia 白血病-iasislithiasis 结石病-osisacidosis 酸中毒necrosis 坏死-aseenzymelipase 脂肪酶oxidase 氧化酶-osesugarfructose 果糖maltose 麦芽糖-in, -ineagentinsulin 胰岛素epinephrine 肾上腺素immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白-itisinflammationarthritis 关节炎hepatitis 肝炎-omatumoradenoma 腺瘤hematoma 血肿-oidresemblingadenoid 腺样的cystoid 囊样的-icsname of a

10、 sciencegenetics 遗传学pediatrics 儿科学-icianan expert of a professionphysician 医师，科医师pediatrician 儿科医师，儿科学家-istpractitioner of a professiondentist 口腔科医师，牙医physiologist 生理学家-ismactiona system of theory or practiceembolism 栓塞rheumatism 风湿Unit 3 the skeletal system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord partsMeaning

11、 Examplesarthr(o)-jointarthritis 关节炎arthroplasty 关节造形术burs(o)-bursabursitis 滑液囊炎chondr(o)-cartilagechondritis 软骨炎chondroma 软骨瘤chondrocyte软骨细胞coccy-coccyg(o)-coccyxsacrococcyx 骶尾骨coccygectomy 尾骨切除术cost(o)-ribintercostal 肋间的costochondralgia 肋软骨痛crani(o)-craniumcraniomalacia 颅骨软化craniostosis 颅缝先天骨化ili(

12、o)-iliumiliac 髂骨的iliopelvic 髂盆的myel(o)-bone marrowmyeloma 骨髓瘤ossi-boneossicle 听小骨ossification 骨化oste(o)-boneosteitis 骨炎osteoma 骨瘤osteocyte 骨细胞pelvi(o)-pelvispelvic 骨盆的pelvisection 骨盆切开术rachi(o)-spinerachialgia 脊柱痛rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉(法)sacr(o)-sacrumsacral 骶骨的sacrodynia 骶部痛spondyl(o)-vertebraspondyl

13、opathy 脊椎病cervicospondylopathy 颈椎病ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-tendontendonitis腱炎tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术tendinous 腱的tenalgia 腱痛vertebr(o)-vertebraintervertebral 椎骨间的vertebrectomy 椎骨切除术malac(o)-softeningosteomalacia 骨软化chondromalacia 软骨软化-porosis porousosteoporosis 骨质疏松症-astheniaweaknessloss of strengthmyasthen

14、ia 肌无力neurasthenia 神经衰弱troph(o)-developmentstimulationmaintenanceatrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大malac(o)-softeningmalacosteon 骨软化arteriomalacia 动脉软化alg(o)-alges(o)-painmyalgia 肌痛arthralgia 关节痛analgesia 痛觉缺失Unit 4 the muscular system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord PartsMeaning Examplespath(o)-diseasepathogene

15、sis 发病机制nephropathy 肾病morph(o)-formshapemorphology 形态学amorphous 无形态的morphometry 形态测量my(o)-musclemyocardial 心肌的myotonia 肌强直muscul(o)-musclemusculoskeletal 肌骨骼的musculin 肌球蛋白fibr(o)-fiberfibroma 纤维瘤fibrin 纤维蛋白fasci(o)-fasciafasciodesis 筋膜固定术fasciitis 筋膜炎fascioplasty 筋膜成形术ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-tendon

16、tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术tenostosis 腱骨化tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎ton(o)-tonecardiotonic 强心剂, 强心的tonofibril 力原纤维kinesi(o)-kinet(o)-movementdyskinesia 运动障碍pharmacokinetics 药动学alg(o)-painmyalgia 肌痛cephalalgia 头痛algesthesis 痛觉neuralgia 神经痛-itisinflammation dermatomyositis 皮肌炎fasciitis 筋膜炎my(o)-musclemyocardium 心肌electrom

17、yography 肌电图myonecrosis 肌肉坏死poly-manypolymyositis 多肌炎polyadenitis 多腺炎theli(o)-skinendothelium 皮epithelial 上皮subendothelial 皮下spasm(o)-spasmmyospasmia 肌痉挛病bronchospasm 支气管痉挛necr(o)-deathosteonecrosis 骨坏死necrotomy 尸体解剖tri-threetrimester 孕期的三个月tricycle 三轮车triangle 三角plas-growthdevelopmentaplasia 不发育dys

18、plasia 发育不良fibroplasia 纤维组织形成hyperplasia 增生Unit 5 the digestive systemMedical TerminologyWord PartsMeaningExamplesbucc(o)-cheekbucca脸颊buccopulpal颊与牙髓的dent(o)-odont(o)-toothlabiodental 唇齿的orthodontics 正牙学periodontium 牙周组织or(o)-mouthoral 口的oropharynx 口咽stom(o)-stomat(o)-mouthstomatitis 口腔炎stomatomycos

19、is 口霉菌病peristomatous 口周的nas(o)-nosenasogastric 鼻饲的nasopalatine 鼻腭esophag(o)-esophagusesophagogastrostomy 食管胃吻合术pharyng(o)-pharynxpharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoxenosis 咽喉干燥sial(o)-salivasialorrhea 流涎siaolith 涎石lingu(o)-tonguesublingual 舌下的linguodental 舌齿的gloss(o)-tongueglossotomy 舌切开术glossopharyngeal舌咽的gingi

20、v(o)-gumsgingivitis 牙龈炎gingivectomy 牙龈切除术gastr(o)-stomachgastroenteritis 胃肠炎gastrorrhagia 胃出血jejun(o)-jejunumjejunoileitis 空肠回肠炎jejunorrhaphy 空肠缝合术ile(o)-ileumileocolitis 回肠结肠炎ileectomy 回肠切除术append(o)-appendic(o)-appendixappendectomy 阑尾切除术appendicitis 阑尾炎bili-gallbilebilirubin胆红素biliation 胆汁生成chole(

21、o)-chol(o)-gallbilecholelithiasis 胆结石cholestasis 胆汁淤积cholecystitis 胆囊炎cec(o)-cecumcecorrhaphy 盲肠缝合术cecopexy 盲肠固定术col(o)-colon(o)-coloncolonoscope 结肠镜colostomy 结肠造口术duoden(o)-duodenumgastroduodenal 胃十二指肠的duodenectomy 十二指肠切除术enter(o)-intestine, usually the small intestinegastroenterologist 胃肠道专家entero

22、pathy 肠道疾病peritone(o)-peritoneumperitonealgia 腹膜痛peritoneocentesis 腹腔穿刺术peritoneography 腹膜造影术pancreat(o)-pancreaspancreatic 胰腺的pancreolysis 胰组织破坏proct(o)-rectumprotology 直肠科protopexy 直肠固定术rect(o)-rectumrectovesical 直肠膀胱的pararectal 直肠旁的an(o)-anusanoplasty 肛门成形术anoscope 肛门镜sigmoid(o)-sigmoid colonsigm

23、oiditis十二指肠炎sigmoidotomy 十二指肠切开术splen(o)-spleensplenomegaly 脾肿大splenic 脾的hepat(o)-liverhepatatrophia 肝萎缩hepatomegaly 肝肿大hepatonecrosis 肝坏死lapar(o)-abdomenlaparocele 腹疝laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查abdomin(o)-abdomenabdominouterotomy 腹式子宫切开术transabdominal 经腹的aliment(o)-foodnutrientalimentary 营养的hyperalimentation

24、营养过度carb(o)-carbon(o)-carboncarbohydrate 碳水化合物carbonate 碳酸盐pepsi(o)-digestionpepsin 胃蛋白酶dyspepsodynia 消化不良性痛-rrhexisrupturehepatorrhexis 肝破裂ophthalmorrhexis 眼球破裂-celeherniaprotrusioncecocele 盲肠突出colpocele 阴道疝，阴道脱垂lith(o)-stonelithodialysis 溶石术，碎石术cholelithiasis 胆结石-ptosisptosiscoloptosis 结肠下垂proptos

25、is 前垂，突出Unit 6 the respiratory system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord PartsMeaningExamplesnas(o)-nosenasitis 鼻炎nasopharyngitis 鼻咽炎rhin(o)-noserhinallergosis 过敏性鼻炎rhinorrhagia 鼻出血pharyng(o)-pharynxpharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoscopy 镜检laryng(o)-larynxlaryngitis 喉炎laryngotracheobronchitis 喉气管支气管炎tracheo-trachea

26、tracheitis气管炎tracheolaryngotomy 气管喉切开术bronch(o)-bronchusbronchitis支气管炎bronchoalveolitis 支气管肺炎bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查lob(o)-lobelobitis 叶炎pneum(o)-pneumon(o)-pneumat(o)-lungairpneumoenteritis 肺肠炎pneumolithiasis 肺石病pneumonia 肺炎pneumorrhagia 肺出血pulm(o)-pulmon(o)-lungpulmonitis 肺炎pulmogram 肺X线照片pulmonary 肺的

27、spir(o)-breathingspirometer 肺量计spiroscope 呼吸量检测器pne(o)-breathingapnea 呼吸暂停bradypnea 呼吸缓慢alveol(o)-alveolusalveolitis 牙槽炎alveoloplasty 牙槽成形术thorac(o)-chestthoracostomy 胸廓造口术thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺pleur(o)-pleurapleurectomy 胸膜切除术pleuropneumonia 胸膜肺炎cyan(o)-bluecyanopsia 蓝视症cyanemia 青血症，绀血症orth(o)-straigh

28、torthodontia 正牙学orthopnea 端坐呼吸ox(o)-oxi-oxy-oxygenoxide 氧化物antioxidant 抗氧化物phon(o)-voiceaphonia 失音phonophotography 声波照相术phren(o)-diaphragm; phrenitis 膈炎paraphrenitis 膈周组织炎sin(o)-sinussinobronchitis 窦支气管炎perisinuitis 窦周炎aer(o)-airaerobic 有氧的anaerobic 无氧的；厌氧的aerobe 需氧菌 allerg(o)- allergyallergen 过敏原allergic过敏的 sten(o