机械加工机械图纸常用词汇.docx

1、机械加工机械图纸常用词汇第1章 切削加工基础知识1.1切削加工概述切削cutting; 加工 machining; 金属切削 metal cutting (metal removal);金属切削工艺 metal-removal process; 金属工艺学 technology of metals;机器制造machine-building;机械加工 machining; 冷加工 cold machining；热加工 hot working;工件 workpiece;切屑chip;常见的加工方法 universal machining method;钻削drilling; 镗削 boring;车

2、削 turning；磨削grinding;铣削 milling;刨削 planning;插削slotting;锉filing ; 划线lineation; 錾切carving; 锯sawing; 刮削facing;钻孔boring; 攻丝 tap;1.2零件表面构成及成形方法变形力 deforming force;变形 deformation;几何形状 geometrical;尺寸dimension;精度 precision;表面光洁度surface finish;共轭曲线 conjugate curve;范成法 generation method;轴 shaft;1.3机床的切削运动及切削要

3、素主运动 main movement;主运动方向 direction of main movement; 进给方向 direction of feed;进给运动 feed movement;合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed;合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting;合成切削运动方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting ;切削速度 cutting speed;传动 drive/transmission;切削用量 cutting parameters;切削速度 cutting spe

4、ed;切削深度 depth of cut;进给速度 feed force;切削功率 cutting power;1.4金属切削刀具合金工具钢alloy tool steel; 高速钢 high-speed steel;硬质合金 hard alloy; 易加工 ease of manufacturing ;切削刀具 cutting tool;刀具 cutter;车刀 lathe tool;主切削刃 main cutting edge;副切削刃assistant cutting edge; 刀体 tool body ;刀柄tool shank;前刀面 rake face;主后刀面 major fl

5、ank;刀尖 nose of tool;主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system;切削平面 tool cutting edge plane;主剖面 tool orthogonal plane;切削宽度 width of the uncut chip;进给平面系 assumed working plane system;加工表面 transient surface;前角 rake angle;后角 clearance angle;主偏角 tool cutting edge angle;刀尖角nose angle; 1.5刀具切削过程及磨削机理塑性变形 plastic di

6、stortion; 微观组织，显微结构microstructure ;切削力cutting force;切削温度 cutting temperature;积屑瘤built-up edge; 刀尖磨损nose wear; 月牙洼crater;残留应力residual stress;应力 stress;硬度 rigidity;磨削grinding;砂轮 grinding wheel;磨粒grain;剪切 shear;摩擦 friction;内力 internal force;1.61.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择加工精度 machining accuracy;表面质量 surf

7、ace finish;工艺性能technological performance; 材料切削加工性指标 machinability index of material; 切削液 cutting fluid ; 切削油 cutting oil;1.9 件的装夹及夹具定位梢 dowel;定位 allocation;机床夹具 jig;组装线Assembly line;机械零件 mechanical parts;钳工 locksmith；精加工 finish machining;粗加工 rough machining; 气动夹紧 pneuma-lock;同心，同心度concentricity ;垂直度

8、perpendicular;基准 benchmark;基准线 reference line;夹具fixture; 通用夹具 universal fixture;专用夹具 Fixture for special purpose;可调夹具adjustable fixture;组合夹具 modular fixture; 工序 process;设计基准designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;1.10 金属切削机床机床 machine tool;机床运动 motion of machine;机床型号 machine tool model;机床加工精度

9、 machining accuracy of machine tool;车床 lathe; 普通车床engine lathe; 卧式车床horizontal lathe; 立式车床 vertical lathe;钻床drill press;镗床boring machine;铣床 milling machine;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;牛头刨床shaper; 龙门刨床planer;插床 slotting machine（slotter）; 第2章 常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择一、车削车削 turning;车刀 lathe tool ;车床 lathe ;普通车

10、床engine lathe; 卧式车床horizontal lathe; 立式车床 vertical lathe; 仿形车床 duplicating lathe (copy lathe); 转塔车床turret lathe;细长轴 long slender shaft纵向车削 straight turning;锥体车削 taper turning;仿形车削 contour turning; 端面车削 facing;回转表面 surface of revolution; 平面 flat surface;圆面round surface ;仿形表面contoured surface ; 退刀槽rec

11、ess ;卡盘 chuck; 尾架tailstock;床头箱，主轴箱headstock; 销 pin;卡箍 bar clasp;花盘faceplate;主轴 spindle;二、钻削钻削drilling;钻床drill press; 钻头 drill; 锪孔counter boring; 内表面internal surface ; 铰孔、扩孔reaming; 攻丝 tapping; 孔加工 spot facing machining;铰 ream;铰刀 reamer;盲孔blind hole;麻花钻 twist drill;埋头孔countersink; 锥柄taper shank;三、镗削镗

12、削 bore;镗床boring machine;镗杆boring bar ;纵向镗削straight boring;表面光洁度surface finish; 卧式镗孔机horizontal boring machine; 四、铣削 铣削mill;铣床 milling machine ;铣刀 milling cutter;缝Slot ;槽groove;平面 flat surface; 圆面round surface ;仿形表面contoured surface;周铣Peripheral milling ;端铣face milling; multi model miller; 靠模铣床; copy

13、 milling machine; 仿形铣床 ; contouring machine; 五、磨削磨削grinding;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;外圆磨削 external grinding;内圆磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding);平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive;外圆磨床cylindrical grinding machine; 平面磨床surface grinder;外圆磨床cylindrical grinding machine ; 内圆磨床internal cylindrical

14、machine; 成形磨床form grinding machine;仿形磨床copy grinding machine ; 万能工具磨床universal tool grinding machine; 六、拉削 拉削broaching; 拉床 broaching machine;拉刀 broaching tool; 外表面拉削 external surface broaching;内表面拉削internal surface broaching;多功能机床 multifunction machine;多齿刀具 multitooth tool;切屑槽 chip gullet; 七、刨削刨削pla

15、nning;牛头刨床shaper; 龙门刨床planer;龙门刨削 planning;旋臂刨床 radial drilling machine ;仿形刨床copy shaping machine; 八、齿轮加工齿轮加工gear machining;齿轮 gear; 滚齿 gear hobbing;滚齿刀 hobbing cutter;直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear;斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear;直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear ; 齿轮齿条 pinion and rack;蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear;

16、九、螺纹加工螺纹加工thread machining;螺纹切削thread cutting; 攻丝 tapping; 丝锥tap; 板牙die; 螺钉 screw;标准件 standard component;位移 displacement ;截面 section; 十、光整加工 光整加工 micro finishing;研磨mull (lapping);研磨剂lapping compound;研磨膏paste; 研磨机床lapping machine抛光polishing ;抛光膏buffing cream;抛光轮polishing wheel;抛光机polisher ;珩磨 honing

17、;珩磨轮 honing wheel;珩磨机床honing machine;超精加工机床 superfinishing machine;超精加工 superfinish;第3章 机械加工工艺过程机械加工工艺过程 machining process;工步 step of an operation;工位 work station;工序 process;工艺文件 manufacturing process document;工艺卡片 technological card;工艺规程 process plan; 机械加工工艺卡machining process sheet; 工艺设计 technologi

18、cal design;设计基准 designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;基准重合 consistency of datum feature;基面统一原则 unified datum principle;机械加工工序卡machining operation sheet;工艺过程设计process planning;工艺路线process route; 工艺过程卡process sheet; 产品规格product specification; 产品用途product use; 产品责任product liability; 生产线product

19、ion line; 生产进度计划production schedule; 生产率productivity;批量生产batch production;第4章 切削加工零件结构工艺性切削cutting; 加工 machining; 工件 workpiece; 零件part; 毛坯 rough;工艺性能 processing property;装配结构的合理性 rationality of assembly structure;零件结构合理性 rationality of detail structure;标准化 standardization;第5章 先进制造技术先进制造技术Advanced Ma

20、nufacturing Technology;信息技术information Technology;产品 product;设计 design；加工machining; 检测check;管理manage; 销售sell; 使用use; 服务serve;回收 reclaim;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing System（CIMS）;智能制造系统Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS);精密工程 precise engineering;成组技术group technology; 方式（法）methodology

21、;柔性制造系统Flexible Manufacturing System（FMS）;数控机床numerically controlled machine tool;加工中心Machining Center（MC）;计算机数字控制computerized numerical control (CNC);自动换刀装置automatic tool changer（ATC）;直接数字控制Direct numerical control（DNC）;分布式数字控制Distributed numerical control（DNC）;群控DNC;单机自动化stand-alone automatization

22、 ;自动机床Automatic machine;组合机床 combination machine;专用机床special machine;NC钻床NC drilling machine ;NC磨床NC grinding machine ;NC车床NC lathe ;卧式加工制造中心horizontal machine center;立式加工制造中心 vertical machine center; 车间shop floor;库存inventory;工艺process;分类classification;编码系统coding system;零件外型part configuration;工艺规划pr

23、ocess planning;单元式制造cellular manufacturing; 小车维修站Cart maintenance station; 零件清洗站Parts wash station;装卸站Unload station; 回收系统Recovery system;小车转弯站 Cart turnaround station；集成化integration ;协调tradeoff;成族零件family-of-part;换刀装置Tool changer;机床控制装置machine control unit; 组装线 Assembly line;第6章 先进制造运行模式先进制造运行模式Adv

24、anced Manufacturing Operation Model; 计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（CIMS）;精益生产(LP亦称精良生产)Lean Production;敏捷制造Agile Manufacturing（AM）;绿色制造Green Manufacturing;计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Design(CAD);计算机辅助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);计算机辅助工艺过程设计Computer Aided process planning(CAPP);

25、物料需求计划Material Requirements Planning（MRP）;计算机辅助教育Computer Aided Education (CAE);虚拟制造Virtual Manufacturing(VM);并行工程Concurrent Engineering (CE);面向装配的设计 Design For Assembly(DFA);面向制造的设计 Design For Manufacturing(DFM);第7章 特种加工特种加工（NTM）Nontraditional Manufacturing; 一、电火花加工电火花加工spark-erosion machining;电火花线

26、切割加工 electrical discharge wire cutting;电火花穿孔spark-erosion drilling; 电火花雕刻spark-erosion carving;二、电解加工电解加工Electrolytic machining;三、超声波加工超声波加工 Ultrasonic machining; 变幅杆Transducer nose ; 铜垫圈Copper washer; 放大刀具夹持器Amplifying tool holder ; 超声波振动Ultrasonic vibration; 银钎焊Sliver braze; 仿形刀具 Shaped tool; 蜡焊缝W

27、ax weld ; 支持材料Backup material; 磨料悬浮液Abrasive slurry; 吸入管Suction line ;四、激光加工激光加工Laser processing;激光束加工Laser beam machining ;激光切割 laser cutting ;激光打孔 laser drilling;激光焊接 laser welding;机床常用英语词汇（大全）A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库 Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉 Balancing equipment 平衡设备 Bayo

28、net 卡口 Bearing fittings 轴承配件 Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机 Bearings 轴承 Belt drive 带传动 Bending machines 弯曲机 Blades 刀片 Blades,saw 锯片 Bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝 Boring heads 搪孔头 Boring machines 镗床 Cable making tools 造线机 Casting,aluminium 铸铝 Casting,copper 铸铜 Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁 Casting,mallea

29、ble iron 可锻铸铁 Casting,other 其他铸造 Casting,steel 铸钢 Chain drive 链传动 Chain making tools 造链机 Chamfer machines 倒角机 Chucks 夹盘 Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统 CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机 CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床 CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床 CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机 CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机 CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机 CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床 CNC lathes 电脑数控车床