现在完成时练习题及答案.docx

1、现在完成时练习题及答案一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (havent) studied.Have I studied?You have not (havent) studied.Have you studied?He has not (hasnt) studied.Has he studied?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定

2、/否定）Have I not (Havent I) studied?Yes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (Havent you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (Hasnt he) studied?Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.其用法主要有三种I.“已完成”用法:表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，notyet等不确定的时间状语连用。

3、Li Ming has just turned off the light.李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了）Ive finished my homework now.现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。I have lost my pen.我把笔丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher.她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，thi

4、s week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until） now等。He has lived here for 30 years.他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿）Theyve known each other since childhood.他们从小彼此相识。（

5、现在还在往来）How long have you studied English？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often,always,every week,twice等连用。I have been to the Summer Palace twice.我曾经去过颐和园两次。He has always said so.他总是这么说.（2）用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just g

6、one out. 我女儿刚出去。 Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet等。如： I havent heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了

7、。She has been with us since Monday.注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 d

8、ays.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.1. s

9、ince 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. The old man has died for 4 months. They have left only for 5 minutes. 以上三句话可以改为：He has been here for 2 weeks

10、.The old man has _ _ for 4 months.They have _ _ only for 5 minutes2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。I. have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once ,never,sever

11、al times等连用，后者则不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。试比较：Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year

12、, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。a.用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于

13、否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。They havent finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。b.用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few ye

14、ars等。例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。He has been there three times the last few days.近几天他去过那里三次了。d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I havent.今天你见过他吗？我没有。How many times have you been there this year?今年你去过那里

15、多少次？II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。II.不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换如： fall asleep (ill) be asleep (ill)get to know know begin,(start) be on

16、open be open buy have get up be up die be deadgo out be out come be inclosebe closed arrivebe here joinbe in, be a +名词 finish( end )be over leave, move be away, borrow keep go to schoolbe a student catch(a cold) have(a cold)begin to studystudy come backbe back put onwear 或be on如：He has been a soldie

17、r for three years.他参军三年了。His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。如：I havent left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I havent received his letter

18、for almost a month.例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I havent read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yanan. 他们从未去过延安。I havent seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。Exercise:I. Fill i

19、n the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So

20、 far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when

21、the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? 1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. ha

22、ve, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seenII. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _ here?A. come B. got C. arrived D. been2. My grandpa died _.A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come ba

23、ck tomorrow.A. been B. gone C. went D. never been4. It is ten years _ I last saw her.A. after B. since C. for D. that5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times.A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks.A. will

24、, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had7.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking

25、. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _ _ been to Macau befor

26、e.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问) _ _ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I _ just _ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We _ _English _three years5. He has never surfed, _ _? （改成反意疑问句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (对

27、划线部分提问) _ _have they been here?7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago.Ask the questions1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _?2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left he

28、re yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book?Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buyUse “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”Key