非谓语动词难点练习.docx

1、非谓语动词难点练习非谓语动词难点练习一、单项选择非谓语动词1Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend _Chongqing.Athat; to visit Bwhen; to visitCthat; visiting Dwhen; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When引导时间状语从句，that引导结果状语从句；to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。Visiting限定friend做后置定语，句意改变了。选B。2Ch

2、inas Change 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, _ a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moons far side.Amarking Bto markChaving marked Dmarked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，中国的嫦娥4号机器人探测器进入月球轨道，标志着它在月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句，逗号后是非限制性定语，修饰整个主句，结合句意，主句和mark之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语

3、，A选项正确。【点睛】不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用作结果状语，主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即属预料之外的事。3 He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.Ato act B to have acted C acting Dhaving acted【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句型“有人认为.已.”可用It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have

4、/has done.结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如：ItisreportedthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ThenewsreportsthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ChengYifeiisreportedtohavediedseveraldaysago. 因此B选项正确。句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。”考点：考查动词非谓语形式。4They might just have a place _ on the

5、 writing course why dont you give it a try?Aleave Bleft Cleaving Dto leave【答案】B【解析】此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方（机会）。句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。5At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartment near Boston and _what to do about his future.Aliving; wondering Bli

6、ved; wonderingClived; wondered Dliving; wondered【答案】A【解析】试题分析：现在分词做伴随状语，At the age of 29,D was a worker.这是完整句子,所以后面要用分词结构. 有and,显然是两个并列分词. 主要注意用现在分词，现在分词的主语就是主句的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系。用现在分词做状语，DAVE在29岁时是一名工人，住在一间小公寓里，不知道未来会如何。选A。考点：考查现在分词做状语点评：现在分词还是过去分词做状语主要取决于动词和逻辑主语的关系：如果动词和逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词，如果动词和逻辑主语是主动关

7、系，用现在分词。6Young people may risk deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.Ato go Bto have goneCgoing Dhaving gone【答案】C【解析】risk意为冒的危险，用法为risk doing something，冒险干某事，因此排除AB, D项中额having done意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择C项，句意为，如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。【考点定位】考察动词用法。7_ by the advances in techno

8、logy, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.ABeing encouraged BEncouragingCEncouraged DHaving encouraged【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查过去分词做状语：句意：被科技的进步鼓舞着，很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语，encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系，用过去分词做状语，选C。考点：考查过去分词做状语8(福建) _the past year as an exchange student in Hong Ko

9、ng, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.ASpending BSpentCHaving spent DTo spend【答案】C【解析】试题分析：“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。且“花费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，用现在分词的完成时。句意：由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生，所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。9_ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Profe

10、ssor Russell several times.AWorking out BWorked outCTo work out DWork out【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？1）目的状语。To only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) as to (如此以便) 如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

11、他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。3) 表原因。如：Im sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似 Go

12、od idea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。10When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.Ablock Bto blockCblocking Dblocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当

13、我们看到路上被雪覆盖时，我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补，动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth done。故选D。11 volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.ATo study BStudyingCHaving studied DStudied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的

14、潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。12A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all four people on board.Akilled BkillingCkills Dto kill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家小型飞机撞上了距离城市东部五英里的一个山腰，机上四人全部丧生。Plane与kill是主谓关系，应该使用现在分词表示主动，并作伴随状语。故选B。13_ to think cri

15、tically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.ALearn BLearnedCLearning DHaving learned【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。14_on this report，the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this contin

16、ent.AHaving based BBasingCBased DTo be based【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。be based on以为基础。在句中作状语，故用其based。选C。15_ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.AHaving cleaned BTo cleanCCleaned DClean【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：整个下午打扫了教室之后，班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早，故用完成时；the monitor和clean是主动关

17、系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时，故选A。16Hearing the news, she rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance.Aleft; lain open Bleft; lay openedCleaving; lie opened Dleaving; lying open【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空th

18、e book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。【点睛】leave的几种用法leave除了离开之外，还有以下几种用法：一、作留下、丢下、落下,常表示某物落在/忘在某地。二、 表示留给、交给,一般与介词with或to搭配。三、 leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。 用形容词作宾语补足语 用不定式作宾语补足语 用现在分词作宾语补足语 用过去分词作宾语补足语 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语 四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示剩下的。五、 leave

19、还可作名词,表示休假、假期。分析句子可知，leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。第一空leaving是一个现在分词做状语的用法，因为leave与he构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是一个形容词表示状态，Lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。17Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are

20、our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.AAttend BTo attend CAttending DHaving attended【答案】C【解析】主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。18The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shop

21、ping without _.Arecognizing Bbeing recognizedChaving recognized Dhaving been recognized【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选B。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法19We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow mornin

22、g unless .Aotherwise informing Botherwise being informedCotherwise informed Dhaving otherwise informed【答案】C【解析】考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are informed，但是因前后主语一致，所以省略主语，系动词。而我们应该是被通知，不是主动的。句意：我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口进行社区服务，除非另有通知。故选C。考点：考查动词的过去分词。20The great hall was crowded with many

23、 people, _ many children _on their parents laps.Aincluding; seated Bincluding; seatingCincluded; sat Dincluded; sitting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词和过去分词。句意：这个大厅挤满了人，包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介词,由其领导的这个句子是做状语成分之用.including somebody，包括某人=somebody included，seated是动词+ed,其引导的seated on their parents laps是后置定语的成分,表示状态，用来

24、修饰前面的children。故选A。21（天津）I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.Ato eat；to try Beating；tryingCeating；to try Dto eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldnt help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭

25、配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“cant help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldnt help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。22Do you mind if I smoke here?I suggest you go to the separate room _ for smokers.Ato reserve BreservingCreserved Dbeing reserved【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我在这里抽烟你介意吗？我建议你去为吸烟者预留的单独房间。A. to reserve

26、表主动和将来；B. reserving表主动；D. being reserved 表正在被留；C. reserved是过去分词。此处与前面的room是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动，意思是：被预留的房间，符合句意，故选C。23-Youve made great progress in your studies of English, havent you? - Yes, but much_.Aremains to do Bis remained to doCis remained to be done Dremains to be done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：

27、你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？是的，但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”，不能用被动语态，而且much和do是被动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。24(福建) _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.AKnown BHaving knownCKnowing DBeing known【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的

28、是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。25There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.Aindicate Bindicating Cto indicate Dto be indicating【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有大量证据表明，音乐活动时会调用大脑的不同部位。本题为there be 句型主语为evidence，indicate作定语，修饰evidence，而evidence与indicate 之间构成主动关系，用现在分词indic

29、ating做定语修饰evidence，故选B。26 _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.AThe president will attend BThe president to attendCThe president attended DThe presidents attending【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞。根据句子成分分析判定缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故选D。27In the library you can use your own com

30、puter to connect to Wi-Fi specially _ for readers.Apreparing Bto prepareCprepared Dprepare【答案】C【解析】考查过去分词。句意：在这个图书馆，你能用你自己的电脑连接特别为读者准备的Wi-Fi。此处是过去分词做后置定语，故选C。28The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.Alaid BlayingCto lay Dbeing laid【答案】A【解析】with + 宾语 + 动词-ing 形式（即现在分词）表示动词 -ing 形式表示动作正在发生；with + 宾语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作；with + 宾语 + 过去分词表