南京市中考一轮复习之宾语从句讲义含答案.docx

1、南京市中考一轮复习之宾语从句讲义含答案南京市中考一轮复习之宾语从句讲义(含答案)连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句如：I love what you gave me、从句连接词主句例：判断下列句子哪些是宾语从句，是的打T，错的打F。1、This is the man who gave me the book 、2、I have a sister who works in Shanghai、3、We know that we should keep the earth clean、4、I know that he lives here、5、We dont know if our teachers wi

2、ll attend the meeting、6、He asked me which coat I liked best、7、If it is fine tomorrow, I will go on a trip、8、She doesnt think that she can pass the exam、9、He is disappointed because he failed again、10、Please tell me how I can get there、解析：1、为定语从句，先行词为“the man”,引导词为“who”；2、 为定语从句，先行词为“a sister”,引导词为“w

3、ho”；7、 为if引导的条件状语从句；9、 为because引导的原因状语从句。答案：1、2、7、9、 为F3、4、5、6、8、10、为T知识点2：宾语从句的引导词1、that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句，由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：Ithink(that)thisansweriscorrect、 Iknownothingabouthimexcept(that)helivesthenextdoor、Imsure(that)Marywillcomehereontime、2、if或whether引导

4、的宾语从句一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether或if引导，在句中不作成分。因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhether/ifyouwillcomesoon、 Iwonderwhether/ifyoudliketoreadthenovel、 后接if/whether的常见词有：want to know/wonder/doubt/Im not sure。if和whether的区别：能用whether不能用if的几种情况：宾语从句中有ornot时（意思为“或不是”，“或没有”），则用whethe

5、rornot；如：Iamnotsurewhetheritwillbefineornottomorrow、（我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。）在介词后； e、g、 It depends on whether it is going to rain、whether 后可接动词不定式；She doesnt know whether to get married now or wait、 whether可做主语。Whether the news is true remains a question、能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外，还可表示“如果”，引导条件状语从

6、句，此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则，如：You will achieve great success, if you have a dream and believe in it、3、wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导，例如：Doyouknowwhenthemeetingwillbegin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？） CouldyoutellmewhoteachesusEnglish?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？） Doyouknowwhichisfaster,acar

7、oraplane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？） Iwassurprisedatwhathehaddone、（他所做的事使我吃惊。）Iwonderhowmuchtheseshoescost、（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。）例1：I hear _ he will be back in a month、 A、 whether B、 that C、 what D、 which解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“我听说他将在一周后回来。”，且宾语从句是陈述句，所以用that作引导词。答案：B例2：The teacher asked me _ I needed any help、 A、 whe

8、ther B、 that C、 what D、 which解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师问我是否需要帮助。”可知此处应用whether。答案：A例3：Does the teacher know _ will come this afternoon?Yes, he does、A、 which B、 whose C、 where D、 who解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师知道今天下午谁会来吗？”，宾语从句缺少一个主语且表人。答案：D例4：Do you know _I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jack

9、ie! A、 whom B、 when C、 where D、 how解析：注意理解句子含义，句意为“你知道我昨天看到谁了吗？”，所填词意为“谁”。答案：A例5：Teenagers with working experiences know more clearly _ they will be in the future、 A、 whoB、 whyC、 whereD、 what 解析：注意分析句子结构，从句中谓语动词“be”缺少宾语，因而选择“who”或“what”，再根据句意可知不是指人，因而选“what”。答案：D知识点3：宾语从句的时态1、如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时

10、、现在完成时）和一般将来时（少见），从句的时态根据实际情况而定。如：She knows (that)her parents will arrive in Nanjing tomorrow、I know (that)he lived here five years ago、We have heard (that)she practises dancing every day、I am looking for where my purse is、2、 如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时），那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。时态变化的规律如下表：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时

11、过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时如：I didnt know (that)he would come、Miss Li told us (that)she had seen the film、 I saw (that)she was talking with her mother、注意如果主句中出现could you/would you, 要提醒学生这些不是过去时，而只是表示委婉语气，用法视为一般现在时，所以从句依具体时态而定。3、当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时，不论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：The teach

12、er told us (that)the earth travels around the sun、She said (that)two plus three is five、例1：-Could you tell me_?-At nine oclock, in ten minutes、 A、 how will he leave B、 when he has left C、 why he is leaving D、 when he will leave解析：注意答句“in ten minutes”,推断出问句时态应为一般将来时，主句为一般现在时，继而从句用根据实际情况而定，应用一般将来时。答案：

13、D例2：-I wonder 、-Shandong Province、A、 when will Peng Liyuan come B、 where Peng Liyuan is fromC、 where Peng Liyuan came fromD、 how Peng Liyuan will come解析：注意答句，分析问句应问具体“地点”，问“彭丽媛来自哪里？”，时态应用一般现在时。答案：B例3：- Could you tell me ? Im going to pick you up at the airport、-At15:45 this Friday、 A、 where you met

14、me B、 who you are coming withC、 when you came here D、 what time you are arriving解析：注意句意，可判断出问句应问时间并用一般将来时，主句用一般现在时，从句时态根据具体情况而定，即用一般将来时。答案：D例4：-Dad, please tell me when Mum _、 I miss her very much、-She will return when she _her task、 And she will bring a nice present for you、A、 returns; finishes B r

15、eturns; will finish C、 will return; finishes D、 will return; will finish解析：第一空所在的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句，不能用一般现在时，而用一般现在时代替。答案：C例5：-Do you know _this afternoon?-Im not sure, but Ill tell you as soon as she _、A、 how will Betty arrive; starts B、 how Betty will arrive; will startC、

16、 what time will Betty arrive; will start D、 what time Betty will arrive; starts解析：第一空所在的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，问的是时间，用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句，不能用一般现在时，而用一般现在时代替。答案：D知识点4：宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即主语在前谓语在后，即使宾语从句本身是疑问句，也要将其变成陈述句语序。e、g、 I heard (that)he won a prize、 They dont know where he is、注意：如果whats wron

17、g / whats the matter在句中充当宾语从句，语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语，其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。e、g、 I want to know whats wrong with you、 She doesnt know whats the matter with him、 Jack didnt know what happened、 I want to know whats on the desk、批注：宾语从句用法口诀学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；语序

18、要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句；That连接陈述句，省与不省没关系；从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记；特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词；三个重点需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。例1：I was watching NBA、A、 What were you doing B、 What did you do C 、what you were doing D、 What are you doing解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，即：主语在前，谓语在后。注意特殊疑问词谓语主语之前。答案：C例2：I dont remember_ the book yesterday、A、 where I put B、

19、 where did I putC、 where will I put D、 where l will put解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，即：主语在前，谓语在后。注意特殊疑问词谓语主语之前。同时结合时态，主句是一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，根据“yesterday”用一般过去时。答案：A例3：Because he has to look after his mother、A、 why he is leaving B、 why is he leavingC、 whether he is leaving D、 whether is he leaving解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，

20、同时结合句意，根据“because”应用“why”。答案：A例4：Can you tell me _? A、 how much is the red sweater B、 how much the red sweater is C 、whats the price of the red sweater D、 how many the red sweater is解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，A、C语序错误， D项“how many +可数名词复数”，因而错误。答案：B例5：Yes、 Go along this street and you will find it on your lef

21、t、 A、 where is the museum B、 which is the way to the museum C、 how far is the museum D、 how can I get to the museum解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，A、C、D语序错误，B项中“which”在宾语从句中作主语。答案：B练习检测题：单项选择1、To get ready for the High School Entrance Exam、 A、 what he is busy B、 why he stays up C、 if he is worried D、 where he can

22、 pass the exam2、 The new-designed car is on show now、 I wonder _、 A、 how much it costB、 how much it costs C、 how much did it costD、 how much does it cost3、 Oh, sorry, Im late、 I couldnt remember _、 Thats all right、 Come on、 A、 where is your house B、 where your house is C、 where was your house D、 whe

23、re your house was4、 Next Friday evening、A、 when our school will hold B、 when will our school holdC、 our school when will hold D、 our school will when hold5、 Would you please tell me _? A、 when did he come home B、 where he would play football C、 if he had seen the film D、 why he didnt watch the game6

24、、 In South Hill School、A、 where will the match be heldB、 where the match will be heldC、 when will the match be heldD、 when the match will be held7、 Daddy and Mummy, you are back from the supermarket、 Can you tell me _?A、 how you go there B、 how many pieces of bread you buyC、 how much milk did you bu

25、y D、 if you bought my favourite ice cream8、-Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China?-Yes, I am still wondering 、A、 how is Chinese paper cut made B、 how was the Great Wall built in ancient timesC、 why the Chinese people like to play the dragon danceD、 why do the Chinese people eat

26、rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival9、 At the end of July、A、 how often he heard from his pen pal B、 how soon he will be hereC、 that he went on vacation D、 when you will start your vacation10 、 Fathers Day is coming、 Im thinking about _、A、 what present I gave him B、 where we had a big mealC、 how I

27、will give him a surprise D、 if I planned a party for him11、We havent discussed yet _、A、 where we are going to put our new tablewww、zz&step*ZZZB、 where are we going to put our new tableC、 what we are going to put our new table D、 what are we going to put our new table12、 Can you tell me in the future

28、?来源:中教%#网 A、 how life will be like B、 how will life be like C、 what life will be like D、 what will life be likewww、zzs%tep&13、 I wonder _、A、 if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B、 how much does the tallest man in the world weighC、 when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industrywww、%zzste&p、co#

29、D、 that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon14、 Theyre over there、A、 where are the restrooms B、 where were the restrooms C、 where the restrooms are D、 where the restrooms were15、 Im not sure、 I havent decided _、A when shall I ask the boss for leave B where I will go to spend the holidayC

30、whether I would go by train or by plane D who could invite me to go答案：1-5 BBBAD6-10 BDCDC11-15 ACACB专题讲解1 知识点1：宾语从句与特殊疑问词+不定式间的转化主从句主语相同，或主句宾语和从句主语一致，且从句是特殊疑问词引导的，可以这样转化。以上情况，why除外。e、g、 I dont know what I should do、 = I dont know what to do、 She wanted to know how she could get to the hospital、 = Sh

31、e wanted to know how to get to the hospital、 He told me where I should go、 = He told me where to go、同义句转换例1：Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?Could you tell me how _ _ to the post office?解析：认真审题可以发现本题要求把含有宾语从句的复合句改成简单句。本题中主句间接宾语和宾语从句主语一致，所以可以把宾语从句改为不定式结构。变成特殊疑问词+不定式结构作动词tell的宾语。答案：to get例2：They havent decided which camera they will choose、 They havent decided 、解析：仔细审题可把原句（宾语从句）改为特殊疑问词+不定式结构，即which camera+to +动词。答案：which camera to choose例3：Do