山东省临沂市中考英语试题含答案解析.docx

1、山东省临沂市中考英语试题含答案解析2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题 英语第I卷 (选择题) 一、听力测试 注意：听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将打案画在试卷上。录音内容结束后，将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。(一) 听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。A B CD 1._ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _(二) 听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6. A. To do business. B. To visit her friends. C. To study medicine.7. A. Sallys. B. Alans. C. D

2、annys.8. A. Some chicken. B. Some sandwiches. C. Some fish.9. A. He will go to the park. B. He will prepare for a party. C. He will take an exam.10. A. At home. B. On the playground. C. In the library(三) 听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。11. Helen Thayer was the fi

3、rst woman who walked to the North Pole (北极) alone.12. Helen was born in the United States.13. Helen had a dream to walk to the North Pole alone when she was forty.14. On her journey, Helen walked 345 miles in freezing weather conditions.15. Once, seven polar bears (北极熊) wanted to eat Helen. Luckily,

4、 she saved herself.请考生们翻到第7页，先找到第四大题。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。二、单项填空 选择最佳答案。1.Berlin is _capital of Germany.A. / B. a C. the【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：柏林是德国的首都。A选型是零冠词，a是不定冠词，常翻译为“一个”，the 表示特指。capital of Germany德国的首都，是特指，所以用定冠词the, 故选C。2.In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water _about 570

5、million children.A. with B. for C. towards【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在世界上，超过30%的学校没有为大约5.7亿儿童提供安全的饮用水。provide sth for sb/ provide sb with sth,为某人提供某物，这是固定搭配。根据句子结构，这里用到短语provide sth for sb ,故选B。【点睛】offer 和provide的用法区别：这两个单词都表示提供，但是他们的搭配不同，offer的短语是offer sb sth或者offer sth to sb；而provide的短语是provide sb with sth或者

6、prvide sth for sb。3.If I leave my house at 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Ill arrive at about 11. So its about two _drive from my house to the airport.A. hours B. hours C. hours【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果我9点离开家，开车去机场，大约11点到。所以从我家到机场大约要两个小时的车程。首先两小时two hours, 这里表示开车两个小时“的”距离，所以要用所有格，表示的，hours的所有格直接在后面加 “

7、”，故选A。4.- Im getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food?- Of course! There _ a restaurant around the comer.A. will be B. was C. is【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：-我饿了。你知道在哪能买到好食物吗？-当然！拐角处有一家餐馆。A选项是一般将来时的there be句型，B选项是一般过去时的there be句型，C选项是一般现在时的there be句型；根据句意这里是一般现在时，故选C。5.A recent survey shows th

8、at 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _34 percent believe that they will make the roads mote dangerous.A. although B. because C. if【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：最近的一项调查显示，44%的美国人希望使用自动驾驶的汽车，尽管34%的人认为这会使道路变得危险。although虽然，because因为，if如果；根据前后句意可知，这里表示让步，即虽然，尽管，故选A。6.Tennis can exercise all of our

9、 muscles (肌肉) . And it requires _to spend time with others. This is good for our health too.A. ours B. us C. we【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：网球可以锻炼我们所有的肌肉，它要求我们花时间和别人在一起练习，这对我们的健康也有好处。ours是名词性物主代词；us是宾格；we我们，是主格；空格在动词require的后面，作require的宾语，所以用宾格，表示“需要我们”，故选B。7.Ants are pretty small. You might think that they _be

10、rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size.A. need B. cant C. must【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：蚂蚁很小，你可能认为它们一定很软弱，但你可能不知道是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强壮。need意思是需要；cant表示否定推测；must表示肯定推测；根据句意，表示“他们肯定很虚弱”，所以是肯定推测，故选C。【点睛】表示推测的词：must be表示对现在的肯定推测；cant be表示对现在的否定推测；may/might/ could be是

11、对现在的可能性推测。8.Left-behind children _see their parents, because their parents work in the cities, leaving them behind in the countryside to be cared for by their grandparents.A. always B. hardly ever C. Often【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：“留守”儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在农村由他们的祖父母照顾。always总是，hardly ever几乎不，often经常；根

12、据空前的Left-behind children留守儿童，所以可以推测“很少”见到父母，故选B。9.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is created B. was created C. creates【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在世界各地，每年都有300万的塑料是被创造，其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。create创造，根据句意，塑料“被”创造，因为是“每年”所以是一般现在时，故是一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。

13、10.Roy works in London. It _him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.A. costs B. spends C. takes【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：罗伊在伦敦工作，他每天乘公共汽车上班大约要半个小时。cost花费，主语一般是物；spend花费钱或时间，主语是人；take花费时间，其句型为it takes sb some time to do sth；此句根据空前的it, 及后面的to do不定式，可以看出用到take的句型，故选C。11.Cathy sold some of her thin

14、gs in a yard sale and _the money to a childrens home.A. gave away B. gave up C. gave out【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。give away捐赠，give up放弃，give out分发；根据句意，表示把钱“捐赠”给了儿童之家，故选A。12.Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 year

15、s.A. rose B. have risen C. rise【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：融冰会导致海平面上升，自1993年以来，海平面以每10年3.2厘米的速度上升。根据句子中的since自从，可知动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，并有可能一直持续下去，符合现在完成时的定义，完成时结构：主语+ have/has +过去分词，故选B。13.A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it _helps with students he

16、alth, _improves their social skills.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. not only; but also【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：课间休息是学生进行体育活动和与同学交谈的好时机，因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高了他们的社交技能。eitheror或者.或者.; neither.nor既不.也不；not only.but also不仅.而且；根据句意，课间休息对学生的健康和社交技能都有帮助，故这里表示“不仅而且”，故选C。14.Peppa Pig (小猪佩奇) is a British cartoon _has be

17、en popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C. /【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：小猪佩奇是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动画片，深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结构，空后部分是作定语修饰British cartoon, 所以是定语从句。先行词是British cartoon, 是物，故选B。【点睛】定语从句中常见的关系代词的用法：which：引导从句, 先行词指事物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语； that：引导从句, 先行词指人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语

18、或表语； who：引导从句, 先行词指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语； whom：引导从句, 先行词指人，在从句中作宾语； whose：引导从句, 先行词指人，在从句中作定语。15.Are babies carefree (无忧无虑)? Anew study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care about _.A. how other saw them B. how do others see them C. how others see them【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：婴儿是否无忧无虑？美国的一项新研究表明，2岁的婴儿关心别人如何

19、看待他们。根据句子结构，这是宾语从句，所以疑问句要用陈述句语序，故排除B；另外“研究表明.”这是一般现在时，故选C。三、阅读理解 ADo you often listen to music at loud volumes (音量)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss (听力丧失) ,because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. L

20、istening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a r

21、ock concert can be about 100 dB.Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear. Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what

22、 causes hearing loss. Once this happens, its hard to get your hearing back.Some people might think that their music isnt all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, w

23、hen you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortableThe safe level for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is about equal to (相当于) the noise of a subway. Here is some advice on safe listening. Over-the-ear headphones (头戴式耳机) are be

24、tter than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Dont listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.根据短文内容，判断

25、下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。16. It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes17. Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die.18. From the fourth paragraph, we know people dont always realize how loud their music is.19. In-ear

26、headphones are better than over-the-eat ones because they can stop more outside noise.20. This article mainly tells us why ears are an important part of our bodies.【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B【解析】本文主要讲述了长时间听大音量的音乐会对我们的听力造成伤害。【16题详解】根据第一段t is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85

27、dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. 听8小时大于85分贝（分贝）或15分钟大于100分贝的声音是不安全的。所以此句和原文是矛盾的，故用B表示。【17题详解】根据第二段However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. 然而，长时间听大噪音会使这些细胞工作得太辛苦，导致其中一些细胞死亡。所以此句和原文是一致的，故用A表示。【18题详解】根据第四段For ex

28、ample, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. 比如当你在地铁的时候，你可能会把你的音乐调得太大而没有意识到。所以当人们在比较嘈杂的环境时，可能不能意识到音乐的声音有多大，故此题说法和原文一致，故用A表示。【19题详解】根据原文Over-the-ear headphones (头戴式耳机) are better than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outs

29、ide noise,可知头戴式耳麦比耳麦好，它们在阻止外界噪音方面做得更好。故此句说法和原文是相反的，故用B表示。【20题详解】通过阅读全文可知，本文主要讲了长时间听大音量的音乐会对听力造成伤害，而并没有讲为什么耳朵是我们身体的重要组成部分，此选项错误，故用B表示。BDo you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles (奋斗) of great scientists.The American Psych

30、ological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. The students were divided into three groups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists personal struggle

31、s. For example, as a Jew, Einstein (爱因斯坦) ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution (迫害). The last group read about the scientists intellectual struggles, such as Marie Curies failed scientific tests. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles障碍) .The students took a science exam before the study. After the six-week study, they took another. Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades. S