中考英语语法总复习练习含答案.docx

1、中考英语语法总复习练习含答案中考英语语法总复习专题一 名 词命题点一 名词词义辨析（8 年 8 考 29 次） 1. Which season do you like best? _. Because I like go skiing. A. Summer B. Spring C. Autumn D. Winter2 Which _ do you like better, English or math? I prefer English to math. A. subject B. language C. school D. grade 命题点二 名词的数与名词所有格（8 年 5 考 6 次

2、）名词是中考考查的重点。考查内容主要为：1. 名词单、复数的变化规律及其用法；2. 不可数名词量的表达法；3. 名词所有格的变化及其用法；4. 名词作主语的一致问题；5. 常用专有名词的表示法；6. 具体语境中名词的词义和一些常用易混淆名词的区别。.名词的定义专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料）如：Yao Ming 姚明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。 . 可数名词和不可数名词 普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和 不可数名词。 1可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形

3、式。如：an apple; two apples 。 注意：a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前； an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。 如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/aua/2不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。. 名词的数1. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化：情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读 /z/bag-bags /car-cars以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加

4、 -es读 /iz/bus-buses/ watch-watchesWish-wishes/ box-boxes以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es读 /z/baby-babies以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es读 /vz/shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.2. 可数名词复数形式的的不规则变化(1)元音或词尾发生变化 如：manmen; womanwomen; FrenchmanFrenchmen; toothteeth; footfe

5、et; childchildren (2)单复数形式相同如：sheepsheep; fishfish; ChineseChinese; JapaneseJapanese; yuanyuan (3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词） (4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。 (5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式） .名词的所有格：1. 有生命的名词所有格 (1) 单

6、数名词后加s 。如：my brothers book (2) 不以s 结尾的复数名词后加s 。如：the childrens football (3) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 。如：the boys game (4) 以s 结尾的专有名词后直接加 。如：Dickens novels(5) 某物为两个名词共有时，在第二个名词后加s: 如：Tom and Davids room.(6) 表示两个名词各自拥有的东西，在两个名词后都加s: 如：Toms and Davids rooms.2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格(of所有格)练一练：1、写出下列各词的复数。I _ him _ this _her

7、 _ watch _ mango_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_ sandwich _man _woman _leaf_ people_2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。（1）Are there two( box ) on the table?（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?（4）Herere five

8、( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.（5）This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.1. They got much _ on the Internet. Its very useful A. photo B. idea C. massage D. information2. Im really sorry Im late. I hope I didnt cause you _.A too much trouble B so many troubles C much too trouble D so

9、more troubles3. When we saw Liu Xiangs face, we knew _ was bad.A some news B a news C the news D news4. - Excuse me, could you please move over a little and make some _ for me? - Sure.A places B seats C room D ground5 - _ lovely day! Lets go for a picnic, shall we? - Good idea!A What B How C What a

10、D How a 6. _ wonderful movie! We like it very much. A What B What a C How D How a7._ delicious food your mother cooked for us yesterday! A How a B How C What a D What8. The woman over there is _ mother.A Lucy and Lily B Lucys and Lily C Lucys and Lilys D Lucy and Lilys9. The market isnt far from her

11、e. Its only _bicycle ride.A half an hour s B half an hours C half an hour D an hour and a half10. -Excuse me! Is the supermarket far from here? - No, its about _.A 7 minutes walk B 7 minute walk C 7 minutes walk D 7 minutes walk11. - How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? - _.A In three days B af

12、ter three days C in three days time D after three days time12. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers.A A number of ,women B A number of ,woman C The number of ,women D The number of ,woman13 There are forty-five _ in this school.A man teachers B men teache

13、r C men teachers D man teacher14 Two bags are on the table. They are _. A Lucy and Lily B Lucys and Lily C Lucys and Lilys D Lucy and Lilys15.Come on, children. Help yourselves to some _ if you like.A fish and chicken B fishes and chicken C fish and chickens D fishes and chickens16 _ room is big and

14、 bright. They like it very much.A Tom and Sam B Toms and Sam C Tom and Sams D Toms and Sams17 The customers are pleased with the _ of the restaurant.A balance B experience C surface D service18 - Fathers Day is coming. What should I buy for my father? - Why not _ ? He likes sports.A a scarf B a key

15、ring C a pair of jeans D a pair of running shoes19 The PLA man saved three _ lives in the accident. A childrens B children C child D childs20 Paper making is _ of ancient China.A one of greatest inventor B one of the greatest inventors C one of greatest inventions D one of the greatest inventions专题二

16、、冠词命题点一不定冠词a/an的用法（8年5考7次）命题点二定冠词的用法（2013重庆A卷24题）命题点三零冠词的基本用法（相对考的较少）1. Jolin is _ famous singer. She has a lot of fans. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. David is _ honest boy. He doesnt like tell lies. A. an B. a C. the D. /an apple/ an artist/ an aunt/ an Asain country/ an American girl/ an English dictio

17、narya European country/ an egg/ an eight-year-old boy/an11-year-old boy.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词（a和an）和定冠词(the)两类。 .冠词的用法1不定冠词a, an的用法(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.(2)不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a useful book; a desk;不定冠词an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如： an old man; an actor; a

18、n “m”。(3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isnt mine.(4)表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当every如： three times a week.(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth

19、 one.(8)可视为一个整体的两个名词前 eg: a knife and fork 一副刀叉(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time,a few ,a little ,at a time ,2定冠词the的用法(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.(2)用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on

20、the wall. The kite is new.(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the sky(4)用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third month of a year.He is the cleverest boy in his class.(5)用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。(6)用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin(7)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/w

21、est/south(8) 用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词前或用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等(9)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV now(10)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the.the. ”的句式中，表示“越越”。如： The more, the better.(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at

22、the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外3零冠词的用法(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词play chess play football have supper We all like English.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看

23、到一只足球。Wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)(2)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。如：I dont feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.如：Teachers Day; Mothers Day; on Monday; in May; in summer但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2008 was very cold.(4)名词前

24、已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词 my book(正)；my the book(误)(5)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如： China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.(6)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词 We cant live without water./ Horses are good animals.(7)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山

25、名等名词前 Hainan Island / Nanjing Road (8) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词 eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat(9)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词.如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。(10)用与不用冠词的差异in hospital住院 / in the hospital在医院里in front

26、of在(外部的)前面 / in the front of在(内部的)前面at table进餐 / at the table在桌子旁 by sea乘船 / by the sea在海边go to school(church)上学(做礼拜) /go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去two of us我们当中的两人 / the two of us我们两人(共计两人)a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)练一练：1、用a或an填空。_ “U”_ ice-cream _goalke

27、eper _ teapot _apple_office _English book_umbrella_ unit _hour 2、根据需要，填写冠词a，an或the。（1）Who is _girl behind _tree?（2） _old man has two children, _ son and _daughter.（3）This is_ orange. _ orange is Lucys.（4）He likes playing _guitar. We have _same hobby.（5）We all had_good time last Sunday.（6）She wants t

28、o be_doctor.1.Well be traveling by _ camel across the desert before we go to _university.A. /; the B. the; / C. /; / D. the; a2. Richard Powers The Echo Maker, _ novel set in _ small t own of Kearney, Nebraska, US, has won the 57th US National Book Award for fiction.A. the; the B. a; a; C. a; the D.

29、 /; the3.He is in _ control of the company. I mean, the company is in _ _ control of him.A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /4.Now that Tom hates_ school, the school becomes_ prison to himA. a；a B. /；a C. a；/ D. /；/5.In _ preparation for the launching of Shenzhou , scientists need _ knowledge of weather changes.Athe; the Ba; C; a Dthe; a6.Because of _ high demand for Type AB blood, _ supplies of it are usually limited.A. the; the B. 不填; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; the 7.The sign reads “In case of _ fire, break the glass