考研英语真题.docx

1、考研英语真题2010年考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDnecclious:Read thc following text.Choose the bcsl word(s) for each numbcred blank.and markA，B，CorDon ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory call

2、ed the Hawhtore Plant nearChicago It hoped they would learn how stop-floor Egnting _1_ workors productivity Instead，the studies ended_2_ giving their name to the“Hawhthomeeffect”the extremely inflentlcel ldea the veey_3_to bemg expenmented upon changed subjectsbehaviorThe idea arose because of the_4

3、_behavior of the women in the plato.Accordmg to _5_of the cxpetmems.their.houriy output rose when hghtmg WaSincreased.but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the expenment. _7_sometmg was changed.produchnty rose A(n) _8_ that theywere bemg experimented upon seemed to be _9_t0 alt

4、erworkers bchamor _10_ uselfAfter several decades，the salile data were _11_to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store j2一the descnpuons on record，nosystematic _13_was foundthat lcvcls of produchxnty wererelated to changes in lightingIt turns out that peculiar way of

5、 conducting the cenments may be have let to _14_interpretation of what happed._15_，tighring was always changed ona Sunday When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the previous Saturday and _17_ to rise for the next couple of days _18_ , ，a comparison with data for weeks when

6、there was no expenmentation showed that output always went up On Monday, workers _19_to be duigent for the first fewdays of the week in any case，before _21_a plateau and then slackening off This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect“is hard to ptn down1.A affected Bachieved Cexlracted Drestore

7、d2Aat Bup Cwith DOff3AWuth Bsight Cact Dproof4.AconVoversial Bperplexing cmischieous Dambiguous5.Areqtttrents Bcxplanalions Caccounts Dassements6Aconclude Bmatter Cindicate Dwork7Aas faras Bfor fearthat Cin casethat Dso long as8.Aawarerress Bexpectation Csentiment Dillusion9.Asuitale Bexcessive Ceno

8、ugh Dabundant10.Aabout Bfor Con Dby11Acompared Bshown Csubjected Dconveyed12.Acontrary to Bconsistent with Cparallel with Dpealliar to13.Aevidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource14.Adisputable Benlightening Cretiable Dwasleadmg15.AIn contast BFor example CIn consequence DAs usual16.Aduly Baccidentall

9、y Cunpredictably Dsuddenly17.Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued20.Abreaking Bchrnbing Csurpassmg DhitingSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA，B，CorD.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 2Over the

10、past decade,thousands of patents have seen granled for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its“one-click”online paymentsystern Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One invenlor patented a tochnique for lying a boxNow the nations top patent cour

11、t appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial e,ver since they were firstauthorized 10 years ago In a movethat has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal ctrcuit sald it would usea particular case tOconduct a

12、broad review of business-method patents. Inre Bijskl, as the case is known, is“a very big deal”， says DermisD Crouch of the University of MissounSchool of law.It “has the potential to elinate an entire class of patmts”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the

13、federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake

14、out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business

15、-method patents despite tha fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice。The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a me

16、thod for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the courts judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluste is wether it should “reconsider” its state street Bank ruling。The

17、 Federal Circuits action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme. Count that has nurrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the F

18、ederal circuit are “reaction to the anti_patent trend at the supreme court” says Harole C wegner, a partend attorney and professor at aeorge Washington University Law School。26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because ofA their limited value to businessB their connection with a

19、sset allocationC the possible restriction on their grantingD the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?A Its rulling complies with the court decisionsB It involves a very big business transactionC It has been dismissed by the Federal CircuitD It may chan

20、ge the legal practices in the U.S。28. The word “about-face”(Line 1, Paro 3)most probably meansA loss of good willBincrease of hostilityCchange of attitudeD change of auiuled29.We learn from the last two pamgraphs that business-meihod PateatsA are immune to legal challengesB are of ten unnecessarily

21、issuedC lower the esteem for pateat holdersD increase the incidence of risks30.Which of the following would bethe subject ofthe text?AA looming threat to bvamess-melhcd patentsBProtection for business-method patent holdersCA legal case regarding business-methodpatentsD A prevailing tread against bus

22、iness-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Poinl Malcohn aladuell aloues that social epidemics are dliven in largepart by the acting of a tiny minority of specialindividuals,often calledin flu entials who are unusuall informed, persuasive, or we connect The idea is intuit ively compelling but

23、 it doesnt explain howideas actually spread。The supposed importance of inftuentials derives from a plansible sounding but largely untested theory untested thelry called the tow-step flow of communication Informationllows from the mediato the inftuentials and from then to ereryone else. Marke ters ha

24、ve embraced the two-step flow became it suggests that if they can just find andinfluence the in fluent ials, those select people will do most of the work for them Thetheory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of people waswearing promoting or developing whaterver it is before

25、anyone else paid attention Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain specialpeople call drivetrendsIn their recent work howeyer some researchers have come up with the finding that in fluentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is genetally supposed Infa

26、ct they dont seem to be required of allThe researchers argument stems from a simple obserrating about social influence with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primanrilly a function of media not interpersonal influence-enen the most influential members of

27、 a population simply dont interact with that many others Yet it is precisely these non-celebring influentials who according to the two-step-flow theoryare supposed to drive social enidemics by influcenciny their friends and colleagues directly .For a social epidemic to occur however each person so s

28、ffected must then influcence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs and so on and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resi

29、stant for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the casecade of change wont propagate very far or affect many people。Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating o

30、f populations manipulating a number of variables relating to peoples abilify to influence others and their tendence to be31. By citing the book The Tipping Point the author intends toA analyze the consequences of social epid emicsB discuss influentials funcition in spreading ideasC exemplify peoples

31、 intuitive response to social epidemicsD describe the essential characteristics of influentials32. The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”A serves as a solution to marketing problemsB has helped explain certain prevalent trendsC has won support from influentialsD requires solid evidence for its validity33. what the researchers have observed recenty shows that