最新八下英语语法归纳.docx

1、最新八下英语语法归纳 精品文档 新版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点归纳 the matter? Unit 1 Whats 一、基础知识 怎么啦？出什么事情了？1. What s the matter? 问题；事情t?(r) /n.【解析】matter/ m? the trouble with you? = WhatsWhat s the matter with you?= 你怎么了？What s wrong with you? 或形容词性物其前可加 the matter 和trouble 为名词，【注】： the adj. 不能加主代词，wrong 是问题其后跟询【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某

2、人遇到什么麻烦、 with连用。即：问对象时， 与介词 WhatsWhats your trouble? = Whats the matter with sb.? = = What happens to sb.? up? I have a bad cold. the matter with you ? Whats have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu我感冒了。 2. I had a cold. 感冒胃疼，have a stomachache咳嗽 have a coughhave a fever 发烧 头疼牙疼have a toothache have a

3、headache 肚子疼 （疼痛）构成新的复合词身体部位3. +ache 精品文档 精品文档tooth+acstomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache back+ache=backache后背痛he=toothache 很 ，too much+名词，意为4. much too+ 形容词，意为 太. 。多，大量 放在名前后，形副后。enough/地，5. enough【形容、副词】足够的enough money=much money 足够好，good enoughlied lie说谎，过去式； lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay6. lie down躺下，

4、Maybe you ”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。7. maybe “或许are right. ，后加名词、代”可能，也许+be的结构，意为“may be，是情态动词He may be angry. 词或形容词。 know the dontsound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you truth. The ”，好像It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，music sounds nice. need+名词，需要某物；9. need 需要，实义动词需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：need to do

5、sth. You need to listen carefully during class. Your dirty clothes 主语通常是物，need doing sth.表示被动的动作： washing. need get on 上车下（公交车）10. get off (the bus) 同意，赞同；11. agree 精品文档 精品文档I agree with that idea. 如：agree with sth. 同意某事I agree to LiLei. 如： agree to sb. 同意某人的意见制遇到麻烦，make trouble 问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble

6、12. troublehave trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth ，造麻烦 .有麻烦。做 。，意为 马上13. right away=right now=at oncegive sb. advice 向征求意见，14. advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，advise sb. to advise 动词on sth.就某事给某人建议； 建议某人做某事do sth. advise sb. doing sth. 练习、锻炼【复习】exercise s 即可加练习意为“”时，为可数名词当exercises 即不加锻炼”时

7、，为不可数名词意为当exercise“He hurt his leg while 受伤，疼痛，16. hurt 及物动词，使exercising. His leg hurt badly. （部位）疼。 不及物动词，干【形容词】 打扫，clean 【动词】clean the classroom打扫教室， 。 清洁工 ，净的 cleaner意为The boy hit the dog with a stone. （用手或器具）打；击打 18. hit on打某人的头、鼻子、后背， hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 用在所打较硬的部位；in打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子， hit

8、 sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 精品文档 精品文档 用在所打较软的部位。强调状态；做某事，适应了、 be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. ”变得习惯，逐渐适应get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “ 强调过程、动作： habit. countrysIts difficult for one to get used to ano

9、ther the drink is for free time；免费的【复习】free 形容词空闲的20. I want to become a free bird. free；自由的He could not free his arm. 解脱，得到自由： free【动词】使When his water run out, he knew that he would 用尽run out用完，have to do something to save his own life. 某物用尽了。物sth. run out. He run out of all his money last 人用尽了某物。人

10、sb. run out of sth. night. take a risk=take risks 冒险22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of (learning) English. 重要的，adj.重要（性）， important importance n. adj.unimportant 不重要的; make a decision 做决定【名词】决定；抉择；decision 。make a dec

11、ision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 精品文档 精品文档The headmaster is in the 25. be in the control of 掌管，管理control of this new school. 被控制be under control无法管理 be out of control无法控制， 住，在控制之中介意做某，mind doing sth. 意为mind 介意 26. 【复习】, 事 Would you mind my opening the window? give up (playing) computer （做）某事，27.

12、give up (doing) sth. 放弃 ；gamesNever give : 形式，也可不接，如give up后可接名词、代词和动词ingup easily. 二、重点语法在使用时应注意和它所指的英语中共有八个反身代词，【反身代词】 相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。 第三人称 第二人称 第一人称数 人称 itself herself 单数 myself yourself himself ourselves yourselves themselves 复数 【用法】可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事1. 物。We must look after ourselve

13、s Maria bought herself a scarf. 如：very well. 精品文档 精品文档 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。2. quite herself today. isnt She 如： 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。3. I met the writer She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 如：himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。 teach oneself 照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself st

14、h./ learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快. ）/喝些help oneself to sth 请自用（随便吃 摔伤自己hurt oneself 自言自语say to oneself leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 东西buy oneself sth.给自己买 自己introduce oneself 介绍 【提醒】 但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。1. 反身代词不能单独做主语， 如：我自己能完成作业。I myself can finish my ) 正Myself can finish my homework.

15、 （误）(homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 精品文档 精品文档因为它没有所有，“某人的东西”2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示 own. ones”时，须要用格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西） drawing with myself Im如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误） drawing with my own crayons. Im正) crayons. ( help to clean up the city parksUnit 2 Ill 一、基本知识点Mary could not come 1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中

16、作表语because she is sick. a sick child 也可作定语Mary 同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。ill与sick 【区别ill】could not come because she is ill. The good news （让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来2. cheer (sb.) upcheered up everyone in our class. The teacher is giving out/ hand out分发；散发，相当于，3. give outhanding out the test papers. 。把某物分发给某人意为 give sth

17、. out to sb. volunteer （某事）自愿做 志愿者【动词】义务做，名词】4. volunteer 【 ，自愿做某事to do sth. The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program. 精品文档 精品文档做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状常)/曾经(5. used to do sth.过去 态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。 There used to be a cinema here. 这里曾有一个照相机。 他They told me stories about the past and how thing

18、s used to be. 们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。The musician enjoyed 无感情色彩：6. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，living alone and writing songs himself. （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定 lonely The lonely boy is not lonely now. 语。 7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料care 【动词】take care of=look after care 【名词】小心，关心 事关心，在意某人/about sb./sth.【副 仔细的 / careless

19、粗心的careful 【形容词】 carefully 仔细地词】 ”，用于修饰名词8. such “这样的，这种，如此多么美好的一such a good day 形容词+单数名词： such+ a/ an+ 精彩的比赛多么 天 /such an exciting match 多不可数名词：such important decisions 形容词+复数名词/ such+ 多么美味的食物么重要的建议 such delicious food ，而不用修饰时，只能用somany, much, few, little 如果名词前被so many sick children/ so little time

20、 ：such football players tried Thirtyfor9. try out 参加选拔，争取成为 精品文档 精品文档out for the Best Player of the year. try out试用，试验【名词】多指短【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip10. journey 途旅行；旅travelertravel around the world 【名词】travel【名词、动词】 行者be busy doing 【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情11. 忙于（做）什么事情sth. 尽力去做try to do sth. 试着去做

21、某事 12.【复习】try doing sth. best (to do sth.) ones尽某人最大的努力去做某事某事 try 担心【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 13. 某人、某事 筹钱raise money for为14. raise money集资，筹钱； 【动词】举起；提高；募集 raise 形容词，保持keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+15. keep【动词】deafblind破损的，出毛病的；瞎的，失明的；16.【形容词】broken disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。聋

22、的； make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. ；使（某人）做某事成为形容词 make it +(+for sb.) to do sth. to do sth. think/find it +形容词difference有作用，对to18. make a difference 对有影响； 精品文档 精品文档 等修饰，如前可以用no, any, some, muchThe rain made no difference to the g

23、ame. Hard-working makes much difference to study. 时为不可数；表”“困难不可数】表示抽象意义的19. difficulty【可数/ 时为可数；难题、难事”示具体的“做某事有have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 困难受过为过去分词，可做定语，意为“【动词】训练，20. traintrained trained dog 训练的”aEveryone is excited ，21. be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋about the good

24、 news. 令人兴奋 兴奋的，修饰人；exciting意为excited 【复习】意为 激动的，修饰物。/【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）22. order 。follow the order hard for a person to change his 【动词】变化，改变Its23. change life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱When you travel in China, ：A换成Bchange A for B 用remember to change US dollars for RMB. 修fix up【动词】安装；使固定fix 【 repair 【动词】修理，修补； 】=repair理 精品文档精品文档 精品文档