专题2名词性从句含答案.docx

1、专题2名词性从句含答案专题2名词性从句考点一名词性从句的分类名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，从句要用陈述语序。名词性从句的引导词如下表所示：引导词功能从属连词that在从句中不作任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义whether，if在从句中不作任何句子成分，意为“是否”because，as if/though在从句中不作任何句子成分，分别意为“因为”，“好像”连接代词who(ever)，whom，what(ever)，whose，which(ever)who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom在从句中作宾语；which(ever)在从句中作主

2、语、宾语；whose在从句中作定语连接副词when(ever)，where，wherever，why，how在从句中作状语单句语法填空1From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.2They never get angry and are always kind to the students.Thats why the children can always get on well with their robot te

3、achers.3My friend Julia brought out all her dresses and told me to take whichever suited me best.4Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing where she was heading.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)5The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.6. makes the book so extraord

4、inary is the creative imagination of the writer.考点二从属连词that，whether与if引导的名词性从句that引导的名词性从句that引导名词性从句时本身无意义，只起连接作用，也不在句中作任何成分。它引导的名词性从句结构和意义都完整，往往用于陈述事实。引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不能省略。引导宾语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中，that有时可省略。that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语的四大句式：1.Itbe形容词；2.Itbe名词(短语)；3.Itbe过去分词；4.It特殊动词或短语。whether与if引导的名词性从句

5、的用法用whether或if均可的情况whether可引导各种名词性从句。引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可。it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。用whether而不用if的情况1.主语从句和宾语从句置于句首时；2.引导表语从句和同位语从句时；3.引导介词的宾语从句时；4.引导词与or not连用时；5.引导词后接to do时；6.有些动词如leave，put，discuss，decide等后的宾语从句。单句语法填空1That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.2He told me that he ha

6、d to leave and that he would be back soon.3He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.4We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.5It depends on whether we have enough time.6I dont know whether or not the report is true.7He asked me the question whether we should give money to th

7、e homeless.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)8As the college entrance examinations is going to be held in June，the students should make full use of time to review that what they have learned.9What is just beyond my imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.10. Tom will win the computer c

8、ompetition remains secret till next Monday.考点三连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句引导词类别常见引导词作用连接代词what，which，who，whose，whom，whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever有词义；在从句中担任成分，作主语、表语、宾语或定语等连接副词how，when，where，why，however，whenever，wherever有词义；在从句中担任成分，作状语单句语法填空1Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat

9、!2Wondering who it was，Terry，a newcomer to this city，went to the door and opened it impatiently.3I didnt understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.4Make the most of your strengths，and you can be successful regardless of which type you fall into

10、and how fast or slowly you walk.5Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated to a wonderful dinner.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)6The police told him what it had happened：his car had been on a private parking lot and had been taken away by the police.7I also feel grateful to my dad just because of he ha

11、s been doing for me ever since.8How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives.难点一that与what引导名词性从句的区别that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意思是“什么的事情，什么样的”。例That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.他又一次没通过考试，这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主

12、语从句中不作成分，不可以省略)例These photographs will show you what our village looks like.这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)难点二wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别连接词what，which，who分别表示“的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whoever分别相当于anything that，any.that，anyone who，意为“无论”，强调一切情况。试比较：例What you choose to wear should b

13、e clean.你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。例Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。难点三不能省略that的情况特殊情况例句that引导主语从句且从句置于句首时That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.他考试不及格，这使他父母很失望。that引导表语从句时The truth is that I didnt go there.事实是我没有去那里。that引导同位语从句时The news that our team has won is

14、true.我们队获胜的消息是真的。当that引导的从句作介词的宾语时They share little in common except that they are from the same country.除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。当主句谓语后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其他的that不可省略I believe (that) youve done your best and that things will get better.我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况会好起来的。当it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正的宾语时He has made it

15、clear that he will not give in.他不会屈服的，他已经表明了这一点。当that引导的宾语从句与主句谓语动词之间有插入语或与从句主语之间有插入语时He announced，believe it or not，that he would never forgive her.信不信由你，他宣布他永远不会原谅她。名词性从句解题三步走第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。第二步：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语就用连接副词。第三步：如果不缺少

16、成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整就用that。典例1The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.解析介词for后缺成分，he thought作插入语，而且was前缺主语。在这种情况下用what，what可分解为the price that，原句可转化为“The shopkeeper did not want to sell for the price that he thought was not enough.”。答案what典例2Massive Ope

17、n Online Courses，called MOOCs，are changing people learn in many places.解析分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语从句中的方式状语，即“怎样学习”，故应用how。答案how.单句语法填空Group 11He was not looking for others smiles，or worrying about someone was watching or not.(2019山东临沂兰陵东苑高级中学检测)答案whether解析考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，结合后面的or not可判定答案为whether。2Hel

18、en McCarthy，an author and expert on Japanese Cartoons，explained the character is so popular.“Because Hello Kitty is all about happiness，friendship and fun.”答案why解析考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句，根据后面的Because一词可判定答案为why。3My first task was to decide where to go and to get there.(2019山东师大附中模拟)答案how解析根据常识可知，设空处表示“如何”，

19、故填how。4Students can choose they want to do and register online.(2019山东泰安期中)答案what/whatever解析“ they want to do”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，故填what或whatever。5Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building，and thats I dont agree.(2019湖南岳阳一中检测)答案where解析设空处引导表语从句，从句中agree 是不及物动词，其后不能直接接名词作宾语。故填where在从句中作状语。6The prob

20、lem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.(2019福建福州模拟)答案that解析分析句子结构可知，is后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填that。7Twenty-five years later the traveler returned to the same place. he saw amazed him.He could not believe his own eyes.(2019山东临沂联考)答案What解析设空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示事物，所以用What

21、。8Therefore，it is advisable you should value and treat them with care.(2019福建龙岩五校期中)答案that解析“ you should value and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。9They would appreciate it，to be frank， the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.(2019福建福州期中)答案if解析would appreciate it if.表示“如果将不胜感激

22、”，it作形式宾语，if引导的从句是真正的宾语。10I asked him his father had done so that he became such a good person.(2019河北联考)答案what解析设空处引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语，从句中缺少had done的宾语，指“什么”，因此用what引导该从句。Group 21While they are rare north of 88，there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in

23、 Canada.(2019全国)答案that解析考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词evidence的内容，故填that。2Im not sure is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.(2018全国)答案who/which解析考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：我不确定谁(哪一个)更害怕，是我还是那只不知从哪里突然冒出来的雌猩猩。3What students do at college see

24、ms to matter much more than they go.(2019北京)答案where解析考查宾语从句。这里表达“去哪所大学”，表示地点，作状语。故用where。4Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.(2019江苏)答案that解析考查同位语从句。从句不缺句子成分，且解释说明抽象名词evidence的内容，所以用that引导同位语从句。故填that。5This is my father has taught meto always face d

25、ifficulties and hope for the best.(2018北京)答案what解析根据设空处前的is 可以判断，此处是一个表语从句。 从句中谓语动词用法为teach sb.sth.，缺少直接宾语。故填what。6The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018天津)答案whoever解析介词to后是宾语从句，从句中动词wins前缺主语，而且金牌给的是“任何人”，故用whoever引导宾语从句。7It is possible caffeine may cause bi

26、rth defects(缺陷) in humans，too.(2018浙江)答案that解析分析句子结构可知，该句是一个主从复合句，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。8By boat is the only way to get here，which is we arrived.(2018江苏高考改编)答案how解析句意为：坐船是到达这里的唯一方式，这就是我们如何(how)到达的。how 引导表语从句，表示方式。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where

27、 his parents were missing.答案wherethat或where解析found后是一个宾语从句，不缺少句子成分且句意完整，所以不能用where，应该用that引导，that也可省略。2My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.答案thatwhere解析分析句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。3As students，which we can repay our mothers is to spare no effort to study hard.(

28、2019海南海口调研)答案whichwhat解析分析句子结构可知，逗号后至is前的部分为主语从句，引导词在从句中作repay的宾语，指“什么”，应用what引导。故将which改为what。4That is known to us that respect for ones parents is one of Chinese traditional moral values.(2019吉林长春监测)答案ThatIt解析It is known to us that.为固定句式，表示“我们都知道，众所周知”，其中It为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语，故将That改为It。5As ma

29、ny as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whatever suits you best.答案whateverwhichever解析引导词作动词choose的宾语，同时引导词在从句中作主语，意为“无论哪种”。由于有范围限制，即five courses，则改为具有选择意味的whichever。6It was most important to her，she told me，was her family.答案ItWhat解析she told me为插入语，不影响句子的结构，前面的分句是句子的主语，即主语从句。此处用wha

30、t引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。It不能引导从句。7Id like to start my own businessthats how Id do if I had the money.答案howwhat解析此处用what引导表语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语。8But before long they began to see which was happening.答案whichwhat解析宾语从句缺主语，并且意思是“什么”正在发生，which是指有范围限制的“哪一个”，不符合题意。9At last they reached where we call Macao today.答案wherewhat解析what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语。where为副词，不能作宾语。.语法填空I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.This aft