冠词用法.docx

1、冠词用法常见的不可数名词fun, news, advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, baggage, bread, butter, clothing, equipment, juice, luck, milk, meat, production(产量)， permission（允许），practice（实践），rubber, rice, soup(汤)，word(消息；音讯；诺言)，money, news, progress, traffic, absen

2、ce, age, anger, courage, energy, experience（经验）, failure, fear, food, fun, health, wealth（财富） ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature(大自然), paper（纸）, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, t

3、rade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, weather, wind, work（工作），poetry（诗歌总称） jewelry（珠宝总称），machinery，scenery (风景总称)，evidence（证据）可有单、复数形式的不可数名词1、不可数名词一般没有单复数之分, 但物质名词表示不同类别时，可有单复数。如：teas （各种茶）， a tea (一杯茶)等。常见的这类词有：fruit, food，coffee，drink(饮料)等。2、抽象名词表示具体事物时，也可有复数形式。honor, death, danger,

4、 pleasure, joy, success, failure, comfort, discomfort, surprise, worry, beauty, wonder, envy, shock, shame, regret, joy, puzzle，encouragement, relief(宽慰)等，它们都表示“某种人、动作或事”。.常考的不规则可数名词man/men；woman/women（妇女）；tooth/teeth（牙齿）；foot/feet（脚）；goose/geese（鹅）；basis/bases（基础） analysis/analyses（分析）；crisis/crise

5、s（危机）；datum/data（数据）； bacterium/bacteria（细菌）；medium/media（媒体）；mouse/mice（老鼠） ；child/children； phenomenon/phenomena（现象） 常考的单复数同型的名词means ；sheep ；deer 常考的可数名词discovery；cloud； mineral； metal； population； effort； effect； animal； plant；insect； element； function； feature； picture； result； clue； star；reaso

6、n； audience； device； structure； human； human being；system；fashion；resource；source；origin；pioneer；automobile； purpose； style； response； number；amount；variety；quantity；type；kind；influence；emotion ；changeto some degree=to a certain degree不定冠词但表示人的职位在一个时期内只由一个人担任或表示称号、头衔时且这些名词在句中 充当表语、宾语补足语和同位语，则这些名词前不加

7、冠词。 In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States. 不定冠词除表示“一个”（Ill be back in a day or two.）及“每一”（Take the medicine three times a day）的意义之外，在“ofa名词”的结构中，表示“同一”、“相同”之意。 Comrade Li and I are nearly of an age.老李跟我年龄大致相同。 My elder brothers shoes and mine are of a size.我哥哥的鞋跟我的一样大小（

8、一个号）。 make a living. 表示风、雨等的“一阵”。 after a heavy rain. 、表示“某种程度”。 China has a population of over one billion. A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold. He seemed to be in a fever. 、表示饮料的“一份”、“一种”。 Mao-tai is a famous Chinese wine. I want a black coffee. 四、其他用法 常用在quite,few,rather,many,half,such,what等词之

9、后。 rather a fool/What a wonderful film/many a time.(=many times) /half an hour/quite a big 常用在so（as,too,how）形容词之后。 She is as clever a girl as you wish to meet. Its too difficult a lesson for us to understand. We have not had so cold a day as this for many weeks. How fine a day it is！五、lake 直接置于湖名之前的

10、一般不用定冠词。the Lake of Geneva 日内瓦湖 the West Lake 西湖Lake Geneva 日内瓦湖Lake ichigan 密西根湖零冠词的用法零冠词就是名词前不加冠词。1、不可数名词，复数名词表泛指时用零冠词。2、下列名词前常用零冠词：月，季，星期，节假，洲，呼语，头衔，职务前，三餐，球类， 惯用语，学科，棋类名词前。3、turn用作系动词，意为“变成”，其后的单数名词做表语同时用零冠词。 His brother has turned writer.4、用在“表示类型的名词+of”这一结构后的单数名词用零冠词。 The warmth of the sweater

11、 will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.羊毛衫的温暖程度将取决于所用的羊毛。5、“零冠词+单数可数名词+as/though+主语+谓语，+主句”，意为“虽然/尽管，但是” Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.尽管他是一位英雄，但是他也有一些缺点。6、在独立主格结构中的某一形式中。1、专有名词前一般不加冠词。 China 中国 Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋2、月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词 January 一月份； Sunday 星期日 ；Christmas Day 圣

12、诞节； Thanksgiving 感恩节 National Day 国庆节； May Day 劳动节 比较： .on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨. （表示某一个。） 注：民族节日前要加the 如:the Spring Festival 3、三餐、四季、学科名词前一般不加冠词。三餐名词单独使用时前面不加冠词 但如果三餐名词之前有形容词时则加a/an. I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。 Summer is the best season for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。 比较： I had a big lunch yest

13、erday. 昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个） The dinner given by Mr Smith was very nice. 史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。（表示特指） 4、进行球类运动。 play basketball 打篮球；play volleyball 打排球；play football 踢足球 5、没有特指的物质名词。 This cart is made of wood. 这辆手推车是用木头作的。 比较： The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指） 6、没有特指的不可数抽象名词。 Time is precious.

14、 时间是宝贵的。 比较： The time of the play was 1990s. 这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。（表示特指） 7、没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。 I like tomatoes. 我喜欢西红柿。 8、山峰。 Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰9、某些固定词组中不用冠词。 at table 在用餐；in hospital 住院 ；at school 求学 ；in school 求学 ；at noon 在中午 ；at night 在晚上 ；at midnight 在半夜； in town 在城里 与by连用的交通工具名称前 by bus；by car；by

15、 bike；by train；by air/plane；by sea/ship 名词词组 day and night；brother and sister；hour after hour；here and there 介词词组 at home在家；in surprise惊奇地 ； at noon在中午；on foot步行 ；at night在晚上；on duty值日 ；at work在工作；on time准时 ；for example例如；on business经商 ；in school在上学；on holiday在度假 ；in class在上课；on show展览 ；in hospital在

16、住院; in class在上课7、某些习惯用语中不用冠词 go to school; on time ; at last; in fact; on duty; at times; after class; by bus; by sea; by air; by land ; go to bed; in time; at first; lose heart; on foot; at work; on show; in trouble; on fire; stay at home; with joy; with difficulty.；on top of在顶部 ；in bed在床上 go短语 go

17、to school 去上学；go to bed 上床睡觉 ；go by train 乘火车去 ；go by boat 乘船去go home回家 ；go to work去上班 ；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼；lose heart； 10、独立结构中的名词不加冠词。 A boy came in, book in hand/with a book in his hand. 一个男孩进来，手上拿着书。 11、泛指人类,不可数。而man指男人，是可数名词。 Man is mortal.人必有一死。 12、在kind of名词；sort

18、 of名词句式中 What kind of flower is it? 这是什么花？ I like this sort of book. 我喜欢这种书。 13、指职位、头衔的词（如king，captain，president，chairman 等）在句子中充当同位语、表语和宾语补足语。He is (the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。 As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open. 作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。 14、冠词和三餐的搭配 We have breakfast at e

19、ight我们8点钟吃早饭。 He gave us a good breakfast他请我们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。 I was invited to dinner他们邀请我吃饭。 I was invited to a dinner given to welcome the new ambassador 我被邀请参加欢迎新任大使的宴会。 The Scots have porridge for breakfast苏格兰人早餐吃粥。 The wedding breakfast was held in her fathers house婚礼早宴是在她父亲家举行的。零冠词的基本用法不使用冠词的情况在语法上被

20、称为零冠词， 使用零冠词的情况主要有：1、表泛指的不可数名词和复数名词前不用冠词。 Everyone needs fresh air. 人人都需要新鲜空气。Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。Children like cartoons. 孩子们喜欢卡通。考题1 I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday? （2006） A. 不填; 不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D

21、. 不填; the考题2 Many people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public places. A. the; the B. 不填; 不填 C. the; 不填 D. 不填, the考题3I dont like talking on _ telephone; I prefer writing _ letters. （2002北京春） A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; 不填考题4The sign reads “In case of _ fire， break the g

22、lass and push _ red button.” （2003） A. 不填； a B. 不填； the C. the； the D. a； a2、 在用于泛指时， 表示三餐、 球类或棋类运动、 学科的名词以及表示季节、 年份、 月份、 星期、 节假日等时间的名词前不用冠词。Do you have a rest after lunch? 你午饭后休息一会儿吗？They are fond of playing basketball. 他们喜欢打篮球。Spring is the best season of the year. 一年之计在于春。I was born in April. 我出生

23、于4月。We have no classes on Sunday/Childrens Day. 我们星期天/儿童节没有课。考题5She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. a; 不填 D. a; the3、 在某些固定词组， 习惯搭配中， 名词前不用冠词。on foot, at home, at night, in danger, for example。要特别注意某些介词连接相同或相对的名词而形成的固定词组， 例如

24、： face to face, hand in hand, side by side, step by step。考题6 -Wheres Jack?- I think hes still in _ bed, but he might just be in _ bathroom. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the考题8The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _ wool used. A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填； the

25、 D. 不填； 不填答案B。在“kind of/sort of/type of名词”的结构中， 该名词前习惯上不加冠词。又如： I think this sort of car is better. 我认为这种车更好。/ She is not my type of woman. 她不是我这种类型的女人。补充强化训练题1Although he talked half an hour, he couldnt give us a good _ of the reason why he did it. A. idea B. explanation C. sense D. Understanding2J

26、ohns record was not so good as _ on the team. A. all the players B. any other players C. other players D. any players3As we all know, _ knowledge comes from _ practice. A. the; the B. a; a C. the; 不填 D. /; /4Of all the subjects, I like _ history best because it gives us _ useful knowledge of things

27、in the past.A. the; a B. 不填; a C. a; the D. a; 不填5_ the manager? A. Who is in place of B. Who is in the place of C. Who shall take the place of D. Who will take place of6“ _ breakfast is well cooked”, he said just after _ breakfast.A. 不填; 不填 B. The; 不填 C. 不填; the D. The; the7Mr. Paul, his new teache

28、r of _ French, is _ European. A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the C. 不填; an D. 不填; a8Please pay special attention to _ idioms of _ English Language.A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; 不填9-What did you think of the house? - I didnt care for it at _ first, but after _ time I got to like it.A. 不填; the B. the; a

29、 C. the; 不填 D. 不填; a10 He worked without _ success. As a doctor, he was not _ success.A. a; a B. much; 不填 C. much; a D. a; much11Qingdao is _ most beautiful coastal city and I believe I will come for _ second visit.A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the12I dont think it right that _ honest man who

30、married and brought up a large family did more service than he who continued single and only talked of _ population. A. a; 不填 B. an; 不填 C. a; the D. an; the冠词位置一、不定冠词位置不定冠词a/an常位于名词或名词修饰语之前。注意： 位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half。I have never seen such an animal.Many a man is fit for the job. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后： It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. so short a time. too long a distance. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot。 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词