人教版七年级下册英语期末知识点.docx

1、人教版七年级下册英语期末知识点八年级英语下册知识点Unit 1 whats the matter?一、重点短语词组1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea wi

2、th honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take ones temperature 量体温15. balanced diet平衡饮食 16. go along 沿着走17. take breaks 休息 18. sound like 听起来像19. all weekend 整个周末 20. in the same way 以同样的方式21. on the side of the road 在马路边 22. shout for help 大声呼救23. without thinking twice 没有多想

3、24. get off 下车 get on 上车25. have a heart problem 有心脏病 26. to ones surprise 使.惊讶的27. thanks to 多亏了；由于 28. in time 及时29. save a life 挽救生命 30. get into trouble 造成麻烦31. agree to do sth. 同意做什么 32. because of 由于33. get out of 离开;从出去 34. hurt oneself 受伤35. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎 36. fall down 摔倒37. fee

4、l sick 感到恶心 38. have a nosebleed 流鼻血39. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 40. put her head down 把她的头低下41. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 42. mountain climbing 登山运动43. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 44. take risks 冒险45. so that 为了 46. So that 如此 以至于47. be in control of 掌管;管理 48. in a difficult situation 在困境中49. keep on

5、 doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 50. make a decision 做出决定51. stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health=keep fit52. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药二、重点句型1. Whats the matter? 你怎么了？= Whats the trouble / problem with you?= Whats wrong with you?2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature? 我应

6、该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldnt go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。3. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital她说这个人有心脏问题需要去医院。4. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? hurt oneself 伤了某人自己你在踢球的时候伤了自己吗？5. I think I sat in t

7、he same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。三、知识点小结1. matter为可数名词，意为“问题，事情，”复数：matters, 近义词：problem/trouble.Dont do that; it will only make matters worse.别那么做，那只会把事情搞得更糟糕。 matter 还可以作动词，意为：“要紧，有关系”主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中It doesnt matter. 没关系 no matter how/ what/when/where/who.引导让步状语从句，意为：“无

8、论怎么/什么/何时/哪里/谁.”No matter what the weather is like, well go there. 无论天气怎样，我们都会去那里2. maybe与may be: maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是.”。如：He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。She may be our En

9、glish teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师3. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：. few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。. little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：There is l

10、ittle ink in my bottle; can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？4. give sb some advice给某人提建议advice 是不可数名词a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议5. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见6. 辨析：die, dead, dying

11、, deathdie为动词，表示“死，死亡”，指因生病、年老、负伤等原因而死，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。dead为形容词，指“死的，无生命的”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表达“死了多长时间”用“have/has been dead for十时间段”或“died十时间段十ago”表示。dyingdie的现在分词，作定语或表语，指“垂死的，要死的”。death为名词，指“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old pe

12、oples home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经 过去5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在.岁时 8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋 10. give out=hand out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;参加选拔15. work for 为工

13、作；为. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. run out of 用完 18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似 27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用 29. Be excited about 对感到兴奋30. volunteer to

14、 do sth. 自愿做什么 31. set up 建起，设立32. after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she dec

15、ided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。6. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。7. Yo

16、u helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。三、知识点小结：1. cheer (sb.) up 使高兴、振作 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫call up 打电话 set up 建起，设立2. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ；ill adj. 生病的 作表语, 不能作定语。His mother was ill / sick, so he had to look after his sick mother at home.3. come up with 提出 想出 =

17、 think up 想出；辨析词组：catch up with 赶上 追上4. put off doing sth.推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指穿的过程)put up 张贴/举起/搭建 put away 把放好put down 放下 put out 扑灭（火灾）5. each 每一个, 强调:个人，个别 常of 连用，做主语时，谓语动词用单数every 每个, 一切的, 则有“全体”的意思，不能与of 连用6. put to use 把 投入使用，利用They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用7. plan to do 计划做某事 plan

18、+ 从句I plan to go to Beijing. =I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。8. join 参加 (指：参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党take part in 参加 (指：参加活动) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会9. run out 与 run out ofrun out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。run out of

19、主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day.他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。10. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像近义词：be similar to 与.相像辨析词：look after 照顾 take care of 照顾11. work out 算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）12. hang out 闲荡 闲逛 辨析词： hang over 笼罩 hang up 悬挂13. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会14. fill wi

20、th 使充满 用填充She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。15. hand out = give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分.给某人give up doing sth放弃 如：give up smoking 放弃吸烟give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to .16. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。17. train n. 火车 t

21、rain v. 训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。18. at once = right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。Ill go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。19. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来)如: One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。20. d

22、isabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能21. volunteer 可数名词 “志愿者” v. 自愿做 volunteer to do sthThey are the Chinese Peoples Volunteers.他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、重点短语词组1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭 2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚3. go to the movies 去看电影 4. get a r

23、ide 搭便车5. work on 从事 work at. 在.工作 6. do the dishes 洗餐具7. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 8. fold your/the clothes 折叠衣服9. sweep the floor 扫地 10. make your/the bed 整理床铺11. throw down 扔下 12. take sb for a walk 带某人去散步13. all the time 一直;总是 14. all day/evening 整日/夜15. shout back 大声回应 16. walk away 走开17. share

24、the housework 分担家务 18. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家19. in surprise 惊讶地 20. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西21. watch one show 观看一个节目 22. do chores 做杂务23. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人 24. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿25. a waste of time浪费时间 26. get good grades取得好成绩27. depend on依赖;依靠 28. Providewith给提供29. develop childrens i

25、ndependence发展孩子的独立性30. do one s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事二、重点句型1. Could you please do sth? / Could you please not do sth?=Would you please clean your room? / Will you please do sth?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3. She wont be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。4. For

26、one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。三、知识点小结1. hate + ( to do / doing) sth. 讨厌做某事 如：I hate to do chores.2. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做什么 invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会如：They invited m

27、e to join their club. 他们邀请我参加俱乐部。3. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb +adj. 使某人怎样。如：It makes me feel comfortable. He makes me very angry.4. in order to为了 in order to +动词短语in order that +句子 = so that如：He got up early in order to catch the early bus=He got up early in order that/so that he could catch t

28、he early bus5. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 mind sb doing sth 介意某人做什么。6. throw about 乱扔 throw down 撂下，扔下throw away 扔掉 throw at 扔向.Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重点短语1. have free time有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight w

29、ith sb.与某人打架 6. until midnight直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. study too much学得过多9. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 10. call sb. up打电话给某人11. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 12. look through翻看13. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 14. a big deal重要的事15. work out成功地发展;解决 16. get on with和相处,关系良好17. fight a lot经常吵架/打架 18. hang over笼罩19. refu

30、se to do sth. 拒绝做某事 20. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事21. in future今后 22. worry about sth. 担心某事23. cut out删除 24. copy ones homework抄袭某人作业25. be oneself做自己 26. family members27. spend time alone独自消磨时光 28. give sb. pressure给某人施压29. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 30. compete with sb. 与某人竞争31. free time activiti

31、es业余活动 32. get better grades取得更好的成绩33. give ones opinion提出某人的观点 34. learn exam skills学习应试技巧35. practice sports体育训练 36. cause stress造成压力二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didnt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why dont you forget about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although shes wrong, its not a big deal.虽然她错了, 但这并不是什么大事儿。4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say h hes sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be y