高中英语知识讲解Unit+2+Sailing+the+oceans+4 Unit+2 Section+Ⅳ Grammar+26+Writing含答案.docx

1、高中英语知识讲解Unit+2+Sailing+the+oceans+4 Unit+2 Section+ Grammar+26+Writing含答案Section Grammar & Writing谓语妈妈每天早上起来给我们准备早餐。My mother _ early every day and prepares breakfast for us.答案：gets up骄兵必败。Pride _ before a fall.答案：goes除非她邀请我，否则我不会去参加她的聚会。I _ to her party unless invited.答案：wont go我正在写信。Im _ a letter

2、now.答案：writing你知道他住哪儿吗？Do you _ where he _？答案：know；lives自我探究谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态，常由动词担任，置于主语之后。但在疑问句和倒装句中，谓语的语序例外。一、谓语的定义谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。二、谓语的构成简单谓语由一个动词或动词短语构成的谓语叫简单谓语。He practises speaking English every morning.他每天早上练习说英语。Yesterday afternoon he reached Canada.昨天下午他到达加拿大。I have got

3、 rid of my bad habits.我已经改掉了我的坏习惯。Mary takes good care of her mother.玛丽细心照料她的母亲。复合谓语复合谓语有两种：动词性复合谓语和名词性复合谓语。(1)动词性复合谓语是由情态动词(如may，can，must，should，have to，ought to，would，had better等)和助动词(be，do，does，did，have等)加动词原形或动词短语构成的谓语。You may keep the books and magazines for one week.这些书和杂志你可以借用一周。Youd better n

4、ot go out at night.你晚上最好不要出门。The foreigner has caught a bad cold.He has to go to see a doctor.这个老外患了重感冒。他必须去看医生。She doesnt seem to like skating.她似乎不喜欢滑冰。We are going to call on him tonight.我们打算今晚去拜访他。(2)名词性复合谓语是由系动词(如be，look，feel，sound，smell等)加表语构成的谓语。be(系动词)名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/数词等。He is a teacher from B

5、eijing.他是一位来自北京的老师。Im very happy to hear what he said.听到他说的话我很高兴。He was out when I called him.我给他打电话时，他在外面。Our school is at the foot of a hill.我们的学校在山脚下。look/sound/smell/taste/feel/become/turn/grow/get/go/seem/appear等半系动词形容词(表语)，这些词不用被动，也不用于进行时态。This kind of food tastes good and sells well.这种食物好吃，且销

6、路好。Milk goes bad easily.牛奶很容易变质。He looks a bit excited.他看上去有些激动。谓语的五种基本句型(1)主语系动词表语(2)主语谓语(vi.)状语(3)主语谓语(vt.)宾语(4)主语谓语(vt.)双宾语(5)主语谓语(vt.)宾语宾语补足语Leaves turn green in spring.春天树叶变绿。The project ended last month.工程上个月结束了。He answered my letters.他给我写了回信。Our teacher recommended some good books to us/us so

7、me good books.老师给我们推荐了一些好书。He made the baby cry just now.刚才他把这个孩子弄哭了。谓语的时态谓语动词用不同的时态表示不同时间所发生的动作，动词通过不同形式的变化表示不同的时态。谓语动词的时态总共有十六种。现以动词work为例，列表如下：时态一般进行完成完成进行现在work/ works workingworked过去workedworkinghad workedhad been working将来work过去将来 work谓语的语态谓语分主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示谓语的动作或状态是由主语发出的；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被

8、动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。(1)一般现在时的被动语态All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.除了经理之外的所有雇员都被鼓励在家在网上工作。(2)一般过去时的被动语态The old man was often laughed at.那位老人经常受人嘲笑。(3)一般将来时的被动语态The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to

9、eat more fruit and vegetables.如果能够说服人们多吃水果和蔬菜，那么死于心脏病的人数就会大大减少。(4)现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态The building is being built.这座楼正在被建设之中。The car was being repaired when I came in.我进来时那辆车正在被修理。(5)现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态Bad habits have been done away with.坏习惯已经改掉了。The book had been translated into three languages by 2015.到2

10、015年为止，这本书已经被译成了3种语言。(6)用主动表示被动的几种情况：表示状态特征的系动词用主动表示被动，如：look，sound，feel，smell，taste，appear等。The silk feels soft.这种丝绸感觉非常柔软。表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词，如：begin，start，end，open，close，stop，run，move等。The shop opens at 8 am.every day.这家商店每天早上八点开门。表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如：read，write，wash，sell，wear，lock，dry，shut，drink等。This k

11、ind of cloth washes well.这种布很容易洗。表示“发生、进行”的一些不及物动词，汉语常误认为是及物动词的词，如：happen，take place，break out，come out，last，come true，run out，turn out等。How long will the interview last?这次面试将持续多长时间？作need，want，require，bear等词的宾语，用动词ing形式的主动表示被动，相当于不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing (to be repaired)这所房子需要修理。worth后面跟动词

12、ing形式的主动表示被动，但不能跟不定式。This film is worth seeing a second time.(This film is worthy to be seen a second time.)这部电影值得看第二次。不定式在某些形容词(nice，easy，difficult，hard，important，pleasant，interesting，fit，unfit，light，heavy等)后作状语，且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动。This problem is difficult to work out.这个问题很难解决。不定式作后置

13、定语时，与被修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且和该句的主语或宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式表示被动。Ill give the children some books to read.我将会给孩子们一些书读。rent，let，blame等词的不定式用主动形式表示被动。Who is to blame for the accident?谁将为这次事故负责？ 单句语法填空Did you tell Julia about the result?Oh，no，I forgot，I _(call) her.答案：will callThat your friend didnt offer you

14、a gift on your birthday _(not mean) that he will break away from you.答案：doesnt meanThe old man _(sleep) when I came in.答案：was sleepingI _(tell)that there would be somebody to meet me at the station but there wasnt any.答案：was toldBe quick，the door _(close)！Youll just make it in time.答案：is closingThe

15、old woman spoke to the girl again，raising her voice a bit，but still _(receive) no answer.答案：receivedDont tell him about his mothers illness until the examination _(finish)答案：has finishedAfter the injured _(rush) to the hospital，doctors and nurses immediately got down to _(save) their lives.答案：were r

16、ushed；savingJohn has gone to Shanghai，but Im wondering why he _(leave) in such a hurry.答案：leftBy the year she comes back to life，scientists probably _(discover) a cure for this incurable disease.答案：will have discovered 语法与写作当时我在城外，所以不能确切地了解这是怎么发生的。I was out of town at the time，so I dont know exactly

17、 how it _答案：happened他姐姐1998年离开家，从那再没听到过她的消息。His sister left home in 1998，and _since.答案：has not been heard of你好，Torry，我能在今天下午用一会儿你的电脑吗？对不起，电脑正修着呢。Hi，Torry，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?Sorry._答案：Its being repaired我父母住在香港。他们在那出生，从没在别处居住过。My parents _ in Hong Kong.They _ born there

18、 and _ anywhere else.答案：live；were；have never lived他正要开门，发现钥匙不见了。When he _ the door，he _ his keys were nowhere.答案：was to open；found 语法填空Humans like to live and work in groups.Language is the “cement”(胶合剂)1._holds these groups together.Language is part of culture.Culture，in this sense，2._(mean) all th

19、ose customs，skills，and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a 3._(particularly)group.The way you live，what you think 4._what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you 5._(raise)Groups of people live in different ways.They may have different skills，organizations

20、，and art forms.Their family life may be completely different from yours.Human beings are inventive animals.They can even decide to change their cultures in order to meet various 6._(situation)Of all living things，human beings are the 7._(clever)They can choose 8._(live) in many environments and in a

21、 wide variety of ways.Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help 9._ realize these choices.Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices 10._(be) the lasting challenge of being human.1that/which解析：考查定语从句。 空后的从句中缺少主语，空前是表示物的名词，故填that/whi

22、ch。2means解析：考查动词。根据语境应用一般现在时，主语是culture，应用谓语动词的单数第三人称形式。故填means。3particular解析：考查形容词。空后是名词，空前是冠词，应用形容词。故填particular。4and解析：考查连词用法。根据前后句的关系判断填and。5are raised解析：考查时态和语态。根据语境应用一般现在时，you是raise的动作承受者。故填are raised。6situations解析：考查名词。根据空前的various“各种各样的”，应用名词复数形式。故填situations。7cleverest解析：考查形容词。根据空前的of短语，表示范

23、围，应用形容词的最高级。故填cleverest。8to live解析：考查非谓语动词。choose“选择”，后跟不定式，故填to live。9themselves解析：考查代词。根据前文的主语they判断填反身代词themselves。10is解析：考查主谓一致。该句的主语是acquiring短语作主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填is。如何写调查报告 写作要求针对火车站对火车票实行“实名制”，某网站进行了一项民意调查，下面的图表显示了该调查的结果。请你写一篇100词左右的英语短文，简要介绍这个调查的结果，并谈谈你对火车票“实名制”售票的看法。83%赞成防范票贩，解决“一票难求”的问题，维护铁

24、路秩序与乘客的利益10%反对旅客进站时“票、证、人”须全部相符，给没有身份证的旅客造成不便7%尚需观望有时更难买到火车票了参考词汇：实名售票制the RealName train ticket selling system; 票贩子scalper 审题谋篇1本题是议论文写作，题材是关于火车票实行“实名制”的民意调查。2行文总体结构可以分为三段，第一段提出论点，第二段展开论述，第三段阐述自己的看法。3本题主体时态为一般现在时，中心人称为第三人称形式。 写作要点人们对火车票实行“实名制”意见不一。People_about the RealName train ticket selling syst

25、em.答案：have different opinions83%的人支持这一制度。Eightythree percent of people _ the system.Eightythree percent of people _ the system.答案：are for/approve ofare in favour of他们认为实名制购买车票可以防止票贩，解决“一票难求”的问题，维护铁路秩序与乘客的利益。They think that the system can benefit passengers _ the railway station，saying that tickets _

26、 and that they dont have to buy tickets from scalpers.They think that the system can make tickets available and _ the railway station _ passengers can benefit from it.答案：as well as；are available to themnot only；but also他们认为实名制购买有时更难买到火车票了。They think it may be _ for passengers to buy train tickets.答案

27、：more difficult就我而言，我认为新的政策为乘客提供了购买火车票的公平的机会。_，I hold the point that the new measure provides a fair chance for travelers to buy train tickets._，I think that the new policy _ a fair opportunity to buy train tickets _ passengers.答案：As far as Im concernedIn my opinion；offers；to 妙笔成篇_One possible versi

28、on：People have different opinions about the RealName train ticket selling system according to a survey.The survey found that eightythree percent of people approve of the system，which benefits passengers as well as the railway station，saying that tickets are available to them and that they dont have to buy tickets from scalpers，who are blamed for worsening the ticket shortage problem.