改革英语四级翻译整理.docx

1、改革英语四级翻译整理四级翻译新题型整理茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布 达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天， 虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities. Conce

2、ntrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads

3、. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.Be home to 是所在地，栖息地。Fading 衰退，褪色。Features特色，特征。现代人类约公元前50000年第一次从中亚或印度来到中国。这 些石器时代(Stone Age)的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。公元前 400

4、0年左右，这些人开始种植水稻，并饲养羊和鸡。约公元前3000年， 他们开始使用陶器(pottery)并住在房子里。到公元前2000年，中国 人已进入青铜时代(Bronze Age)，并开始用于写字。约公元前700年， 中国的金属工人学会制作铁器工具和武器。Modem humans first came to China from Central Asia or India about 50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, who lived in caves and wore fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, t

5、hese people were starting to farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC，Chinese people had entered the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about 700 BC， Chinese metal-workers learned to make iron tools and weapons.联合国下属

6、机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公 布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了 40%。 联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making

7、the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays incre

8、ase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.Test 1在中国，喝茶是一种仪式（ritual），一种精致品味（refined taste）的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略着（take delight in）品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆（teahouse）而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的（fur

9、ious）争论。Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight in the essence of tea itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese. In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well|known

10、 teahouse. Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here not just for tea, but also to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.【翻译点睛】1. 汉语形散神聚，英文结构紧凑。处理第一句时，可以将几个小短句合译为一句结构严谨的英文。先确定句子的主谓宾，其中Tea drinking作句子主语, is可作系动词，本句中有两个并列表语，即“仪式”和 “展

11、示”，分别译为：ritual, demonstration。2. 第二句中，“领略”可以译为：take delight in；“品茶的情趣之意”可以译为：the essence of tea itself。3. 第三句中的“打发时间的方式”可以理解为“消遣、娱乐方式”，可译为：a way of pastime。4. 第四句中的“相当于”可以用短语be the equivalent of来表达。Test 2在中国，中小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学

12、和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期末参加期末考试。In China, primary and secondary education takes 12 years to complete, divided into primary, junior secondary and senior secondary stages. Primary education lasts either five or six years. At junior secondary stage, most have three year schooling

13、with a tiny part of four year. Almost 98 percent of students are enrolled in the former schools. The nine year schooling in primary and junior secondary schools belongs to compulsory education. General senior secondary education lasts for three years. Throughout the whole process of compulsory educa

14、tion, students are required to take final examinations at the end of each semester.【翻译点睛】1.第一句句子结构较为复杂，翻译时首先理清句子主干，然后补充修饰成分。句子主干为：中小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成。“在中国”为地点状语，“分为小学阶段”为伴随状语。“花费时间”用 taketo表达，“分为”暗含被动含义，故用过去分词divided into，表被动。2.第二句中的“持续”可译为last for。 “或”可以用固定短语eitheror表示。3.第三句中“极少数”译为with a tiny part

15、of；为了避免重复，后面的一个分句省略了动词have，直接用with 短语表伴随。4.第四句中，“入学”可以译为be enrolled in。5.第五句中，“9年教育”译为The nine year schooling；“属于”可以用固定搭配belong to来表达；“义务教育”译为compulsory education。Test 3旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的

16、交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。Tourism, a fast developing economic sector over the last two decades in all parts of the world, is now receiving increasing attention among the Chinese public. Many people have written to the press, making suggestions for the promotion of tourism in China. It is believed that th

17、edevelopment of tourism will help promote mutual understanding and friendship between the people of China and other countries, and facilitate exchanges in the field of culture, science and technology. Moreover, it will help accumulate funds for China s great cause.【翻译点睛】1.第一句较长，首先要理清句子结构，句子主干为：“旅游业是

18、一个经济部门，现在正引起注意”。根据英语表达习惯，翻译时，可以将该句整合为一个长句，“一个经济部门”可以用同位语表达来处理，因此句子主干则为：Tourism is now receiving increasing attention。然后再将其余附加成分补充完整。注意，“经济部门”译为：economic sector ；“二十年来”可译为：the last two decades。2.第二句中，“提出种种建议”可译为：making suggestions for。3.第三句中，“人们的看法是” 可以用英语的惯用表达来翻译：It is believed that。最后一句中暗含一个递进关系，为使

19、上下文连贯，可增译一个衔接词Moreover，使译文更加自然流畅。中国结中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味这爱情丶婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换或作用饰品祈求好运和辟邪。这种形式的手工艺代代相传，现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越受欢迎。The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen. After hundreds of years of continuous improvement，has becom

20、e a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts. In ancient times，people use it to record the event，but now used mainly for decorative purposes. The knot means love, marriage and reunion in Chinese，knot is often used for jewelry as a gift exchange or pray for good luck and ward off evil spirits，Thi

21、s form of handicrafts from generation to generation, it has become increasingly popular in China and around the world.中国烹饪很多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。烹饪技术和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物，肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡。所以中餐美味又健康。Many people like Chinese

22、 food. In China, cooking is not only regarded as a skill but also an art. The well/carefully-prepared Chinese food is tasty and good-looking. The way of cooking and ingredients selection vary greatly across China. However, good cooking has one thing in common, that is, to always concern colors, smel

23、l, tastes and nutrition. As food is vital for mans health, good cooks are always making efforts to maintain balance between grains meats and vegetables. Thus, Chinese food is delicious and healthy.考点：被动态;单复数混用;逻辑连词，例如并列以及转折;复合式形容结构，比如：精心准备的carefully-prepared.茶你要茶还是咖啡?是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相

24、传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。Would you like tea or coffee? Meals are frequently asked questions, many westerners will choose coffee, and the Chinese will choose tea, according to legend, a Chines

25、e emperor discovered tea infive thousand years ago, and used to heal, in the Ming and qing dynasties , tea houses all over thecountry, tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century and spread to Europe and the UnitedStates, but it was not until the 18th century today, tea is one of the most popula

26、r beverage in theworld, tea is the treasure of China. Is also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。【参考译文一】With full speed developm

27、ent of the information technology, Chinese citizens pay more and more attention to it. Some schools even take the information technology as a required course. For this phenomenon, different people have different opinion. Some people argue that it is not necessary to do this since the traditional cou

28、rses are supposed to be learned. While some others hold the opposite view, they believe that China should keep pace with the times. No matter how, it is a good thing that information technology has drawn attention of the people.【参考译文二】Nowadays, InformationTechnology is developing rapidly, and Chines

29、e Citizens are putting more emphasis on it. Some schools and universities even make InformationTechnology one of the compulsory courses. People hold different views on this phenomenon. Some people deem that it is unnecessary to make InformationTechnology a required course in schools. Students should

30、 learn traditional curriculum. While other people think that it should be so, and they hold the attitude that China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology has drawn peoples attention.四六级翻译：1.中秋习俗在中国月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内外华人的欢迎。中秋吃月饼就好比圣诞节吃馅饼(mince pies)。为了庆祝

31、中秋节，中国人通常做两件事：一是观赏满月。二是品尝美味的月饼。中秋节是每年农历八月十五日。据说，这一天的月亮是一年中最圆的。而月亮正是庆贺中秋的全部主题。在中国人眼中，月饼象征着全家人的大团圆。参考译文：Moon cakes are a special kind of food in China. They are very popular with the Chinese at home and abroad. Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are to Christmas. To celebrate Mid-Au

32、tumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things: enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes. Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15thday of the 8thmonth of the lunar calendar. It is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest. And the moon is what this celebration is all about. In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members.讲解：第二句中的“就好比”可以用“s like”，但译文中所用句型更好地表达这个含义。如：“智力之于大脑，犹如视力之于躯体。“ Intellect is to the mind what sight is tot