外研版英语必修五重点短语语法汇总.docx

1、外研版英语必修五重点短语语法汇总Module1重点短语：1.It is obvious (to sb.) that 从句对某人来说，是显然的2.confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆3.be confused by sth . 被.搞糊涂了4.in confusion 困惑的；困窘地pare. . .with. . . 和比较pare. . .to 把比作epared to/with 和相比（作状语）8.variety of=varieties of 各种各样的9.differ from sb./sth. 与某人或某物有区别，相异10.differ in. . . 在某方面不

2、同11.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)$和某人或某物有相同之处12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .与有很多共同之处13.have nothing/little in common with. . .与没有/很少有共同之处14.in common with sb./sth. 和一样15.make a difference 有关系；有重要性；16.make some difference to. . . 对有些关系￥17.make much difference to. . . 关系重大；有重大

3、影响18.make no difference to. . . 对没有关系19.be similar to 与相似20.be similar in 在方面相似21.have some/much difficulty（in）doing sth.做某事有些/很多困难22.have some/much difficulty with sth.做某事有一些/很多困难.23.with difficulty 困（艰）难地24.lead to sb.doing sth. 使得某人做某事25.lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人去做某事26.announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事=a

4、nnounce to sb.sth 向某人宣布某事27.add. . .to. . . 把加到中28.add to 增加29.add up. . . 合计；加起来30.add up to. . . 总计31.make an announcement 发表声明，通知32.at present 现在；目前33.make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事34.make an attempt at doing sth. 试图（尝试）做某事35.at ones first attempt 第一次尝试36.attempt at（doing）sth. 尝试（做）某事37.in favo

5、ur of 同意，支持，拥护、38.do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙40.in sb.s favour 有助于某人41.refer to. . .as. . . 称为42.refer to 参考43.make (a) reference (s) to 提及，论及44.now (that)+ 句子 由于；既然?重点知识点：compare(v.)-comparison(n.)把A和B比较compare A with B把A比作/比喻为Bcompare A to B比起,与相比(作状语)compare

6、d with /to比得上compare with无与伦比beyond comparison与比较in comparison相比之下by comparisondiffer(vi)different(adj.)difference(n.)在方面不同differin= be differentin区分和Tell the difference betweenand.）不同于differfrom= be differentfrom和某人在方面differ with sb. on sth.有影响，使不同make a difference对有影响have an effect on=have an infl

7、uence on =affect =influenceItmakes a big differenceto your lifewhetheryou take an optimistic attitudeor not.你是否采取乐观的态度对你的人生有很大的影响。common有很多/有一些/几乎没有/没有共同点havemuch(a lot)/everything/ nothing(little)in common和一样in common with|leadlead to+doing/n通往，通向；导致，招致leadsbtosp.带领某人到某地leadsbto dosth.使某人做某事，领某人干某事

8、命题方向：1). lead to +doing/ being done2).leading to作定语或状语。3).含介词的短语动词用在定语从句中，考察句中的谓语动词。短语lead to中，to为介词，总结一下“动词+介词to”的常用短语pay attention to注意devote to献身于stick to坚持be used to习惯于belong to属于object to反对get down to开始认真做.contribute to为.做贡献pay a visit to参观;拜访difficultyhave some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事

9、有一些/没有困难There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.There is some/no difficulty with sth.（注意：difficulty为不可数名词）have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事有一些/没有困难There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.There is some/no difficulty with sth.（注意：difficulty为不可数名词）attemptattempt to do/ attempt at doing.试

10、图做;尝试做make an/no attempt to do (没有)试图/打算做at ones first attempt (to do)第一次尝试做:addaddto把加到上add to增加addup把加起来add up to总计Module 2重点短语：1.to ones satisfaction 使某人感到满意的是2.offer ones hand 伸出手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. 为某人提供某物4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb. 尊敬某人5.give/send my respects to sb.请代

11、我向某人问好/致意6.in all respects 无论从哪方面来看7.pass by 经过；从旁经过8.pass away 去世；（时间等）消磨掉，过去9.pass down 把一代传一代；流传10.pass on 传递11.take. . .for granted 认为.理所当然12.take it/things easy 轻松，放松13.take ones time 慢慢来，不着急14.in particular 尤其，特别地15.be particular about/over. . . 对讲究/挑剔16.have an effect on. . . 对有影响。17.take up

12、站好位置以备18.when用作并列连词时，常用下列句型：（1）Sb.was about to do sth.when. . .=Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when. . .某人正要干某事时，这时.(2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . .某人正在干某事时，这时(3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .；某人刚干完某事时，这时19.apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物20.apply sth.to sth. 把应用于21.apply to. . . 适用于22.apply one

13、sely to. . . 致力于23.sth. require doing/to be done某物需要被做24.require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事；25.require that. . .(should) do sth. 要求做某事26.in great demand 需求很大27.meet/satisfy ones demang(s) 满足某人的需要28.demang to do sth. 要求做某事29.demand that. . .(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事30.in response to 作为的回应31.make/give a res

14、ponse to 对.做出反应32.make/give no response to 对不予回答/理解。重点知识：offer n/v表示愿意做，主动给予提出，提供（买方）出价charge（卖方）收费，要价offer/provide /supply提供给某人某物offer sb sth/offer sth to sb#provide sb with sth/ provide sth for sbsupply sb with sth/ supply sth to sb主动提出做某事:offer to doapply vapply sth to应用New technology isapplied t

15、oalmost everyindustrial process. (工业流程)apply oneself to致力于；专心于If only heappliedhimself to study, he would do better in it.apply for申请Beforeapplyingfor the post, you have to fill in theapplication form.【拓展】applicant n.申请人表示“致力于；专心于”的短语：belost/ buried /involved/ absorbed/ occupiedinconcentrate/ focus/

16、 fix.onbedevoted / addicted/ abandonedto(沉迷于)|demand n.(非常/很)受欢迎的in (good) demand需要,需求(尤指顾客)demand for sth./ sb.对某人做某事的要求demand for sb. to do sth.demand可加n./Pro./To do/that从句作宾语。注意：不能说:demand sb to do sth！Module 3重点短语：1.on account of 因为2.on no account 决不，在任何条件下都不3.take sth. into account=take account

17、 of sth.把某事考虑在内4.account for 做出解释，提出理由5. lie-lay-lain-lying 平躺；位于Lay laid laid laying 放置；产卵6.The boy lying on the ground lied that his cocklaid an egg.躺在地上的小男孩说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。7.get into (a) panic 陷入恐慌状态8.be at/in a panic 在恐慌中9.be curious about 对好奇，感兴趣10.out of curiosity 出于好奇11.satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人

18、的好奇心12.have connection with 与有联系/有关联13.have a direct/close/strong connection with与有直接/密切/牢固的联系14.have sth./nothing to do with 与有关/与无关15.be related to 与有关16.to ones astonishment 令某人吃惊的是17.to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是【18.to ones excitement 令某人激动的是19.to ones disappointment 令人失望的是20.to ones sorrow 令人难过的是21.

19、to ones joy 令人高兴的是22.to ones satisfaction 令人满意的是23.warn sb.about/of sth. 警告某人某事24.warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事25.be determined to do sth. 决心做某事26.force sb.to do sth.=force sb.into doing sth强迫某人做某事27.force sth.on/upon sb. 把强加于某人28.play a trick on sb. 拿某人开玩笑，捉弄某人29.make fun

20、 of sb. 嘲笑某人；取笑某人30.make up 编造；组成；和解；化妆；弥补31.be/feel in the mood for(doing) sth=be/feel in the mood to do sth. 有心情做某事32.in a bad/good mood 情绪不好/很好33.be set in 以为背景34.set off 出发；引爆，使爆炸35.set out to do sth. 开始做某事36.set about doing sth. 开始/着手做某事37.set sth.aside 把某物放在一边；省出；38.set up 建立；设立；创立39. resemble

21、 in 在方面像重点知识：account v./n.on account of由于Takeinto account烤鱼On no account绝不accounted for解释bank account银行账户as ifas if引导的从句作表语。?as if = as though好像，似乎,主要用于引导状语从句和表语从句。当前面有系动词look, seem, taste, smell, keep, sound等时，如果表示的可能性较大，与事实较一致时，谓语动词用陈述语气。as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。You look as if you di

22、d not care. (实际上关心)从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”）He talked about Paris as if he had been there before.（实际上以前没去过）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”。It looks as if it might snow.（实际上不会下雪）分词作定语1）通常，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动，例如：He is the man giving you the money.(= who gave you)He is the man stopped by the c

23、ar.( = who was stopped by)(2）不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生分词作状语连词+分词(短语)有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词。如：when，while，if though，after, before, as.但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个分词作补语 通常在感官动词和使役动词和like, want, wish, order等表示“希望”“要求”等意义的动词之后分词作表语分词作插入语:其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking一般说来strictly speaking严格的说judging from从判断

24、all things considered从整体来看taking all things into consideration全面看来分词的时态1).与主语动词同时(not) doing2）先于主动词 （not）having done独立主格结构：在用分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语一般必须与句子主语一致。/如不一致，分词须带上自己的逻辑主语。常表伴随的动作或情Module4重点短语：1.hide sth.from sb.隐藏某物不让人发现;对某人隐瞒某事e to an end 完结3.put an end to 结束，终止4.bring. . .to an end 使结束5.in the end

25、终于;最后6.date back to=date from 追溯到，开始于7.dress up 装扮;打扮8.dress up as. . . 装扮成9.dress up in red 穿上红色的衣服10.dress sb.(oneself) 给某人穿衣11.be dress in white 穿着白色衣服12.make. . .with. . . 用在做标记13.make. . .on. . . 在上做记号14.consist of 由组成;由构成15.give up 放弃16.give away 赠送17.give back 归还;恢复健康18.give in to向 让步，屈服于#19.

26、give off 发出，放出(气体，气味等)20.give out 分发(试卷等)，筋疲力尽21.take in 收留22.take off 脱掉(衣服);飞机(起飞)23.take on 显现;承担(工作，责任等)24.take place 发生25.take up 开始从事;继续，接下去26.There is/was no need for sb.to do$某人没有必要做27.There is no possibility that. . . 不可能28.There is no doubt that. . . 毫无疑问29.There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有意义重点知识：Pretendpretend +that 假装 pretend to do