人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全docx.docx

1、人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全docxUnit 1重点短语 :have a stomachache have a cold lie downtake one s temperature have a fever go to a doctorto one s surprise agree to (do sth.) get intobe used to take risks run out (of)cut off get out of be in control ofkeep on ( doing sth. ） give uptrouble语言知识归纳：1.What s the matter

2、(with you)?此句用来 人的病情。 似的句子 有：Whats wrong with you?/ What s the trouble?matter 作 用，意 “要 ”“有关系”，主要用于疑 句和否定句。What does it matter? It doesn t matter.【例 】 Does it _ if we can t finish it today?A. mind B. minds C. matter D. matters2. I have a sore throat.have “患病”，常用“ have a /an+ 名 ”.have a cold have a fe

3、ver have a sore backhave a stomachache have a cough【例 】 ( )-Does he often have _ cold? -Yes. He also _a cough anda sore throat.A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; havedown and rest! 躺下休息lie down 躺下lielie躺，平放 去式liedlay 去分 liedlain 在分 lyinglyings probablywhy. 那可能就是原因。probably 意 “很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近

4、乎肯定的意思。5. hurt v. 使受 ； 害；疼痛He hurt his leg when he fell.My feelings were hurt when he didn他摔 的 候 了腿。t ask me to the party.他没有 我参加聚会使我很 心。6. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping. 公交 司机， 24 的王平24-year-old 是用 字符 接数字和名 所构成的一个形容 构，意思是“24 的”。（名 必 用 数，常用在名 前做定 ）【例 】 A_girl named DongXinyi looked after her

5、 disabled father.A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old7.expect vt. 期待； 期；期盼 expect 的常 用法 :expect+ 名 / 代 expect to do sth.TheIold man expect toisexpecting his get a birthdaydaughter presentsfromvisit.mydadexpect sb. to do sth. Do you expect him to teach you English?expect + 从句 I exp

6、ect that you will get there soon.【辨析】 expect 与 look forward to两者都有期待的意思 look forward to doing sth.I m looking forward to seeing Tom.8. But to his surprise. 但是令他吃惊的是to one s surprise 表示“令人惊奇的是”，相当于“主 +be+surprised ”To his surprise, he found the girl was bind.= He was surprised to find the girl was bl

7、ind. 令他惊奇的是，他 个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】 in surprise 表示“惊奇的”，相当于副 性短 ，用来修 。The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。be surprised at 表示“ 感到惊 ”。We are very surprised at the news. 听到 个消息，我 很 异。surprising 表示“使人惊奇的”，作表 ，主 是事物。9. They don t want any trouble.他 不想惹麻 。trouble 用作名 ，意 “ ，困 ，麻 ，疾病等”。His l

8、ife is full of trouble. 他的生活充 了 。Whats the trouble? 怎么了？trouble 用作 ，意 “麻 ，打 ”。I m sorry to trouble you.抱歉打 你。【拓展】与trouble相关的短 in trouble 于困境中 get into trouble 陷入困境Have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困 【例 】 -How is your English study? -Not bad. But I_learningA. am interested B. am good at C. have a litt

9、le trouble D. have noEnglish grammar.trouble10. 辨析 used to do sth.与be used to sth. / doing sth. 去常常 于某事/ 做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get used to the weather here.In the end, I got used to doing hard work.11. 辨析 run out 与 run out of人+ run out of They have run out of the water.物+ run ou

10、t ( 不可用于被动语态） The money is running out.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项( ) Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumplings. I need to buy some now.A. ate up B. run out of C. ran of D. ran out of12. make decisions = make a decision 作出决定decision 为 decide 的名词形式make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth.13. be

11、in control of 管理；控制A teacher should be in control of his class.重点语法： 情态动词 should 的用法（1）should后接动词原形，变否定句在should后加not,变一般疑问句时将should提前。（2）should 常用于以下两种情况： 提出建议You looked tired. You should lie down and rest. 表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Wait a minute. I think he should come in a minute.Unit 2 Ill help to clean up

12、the city parks.重点短语:clean upby oneselfcheer upput offgive output onused togive awaytake afterset upmake a differencecare forcome up with语言知识归纳：1. give out分发，发放【拓展】 give 构成的短语还有：give away 赠给，赠送 give ingive up 放弃 give offup with 提出，想出(1) 表示“想出或提出”，相当于 think ofI think she can come up with a good idea(2

13、)come up with ,屈服，投降发出（气味、光、热等）We should study hard to come up with them【例 】 ( ) We must _a plan to improve your math.A. pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. I v run out of it. 我已 把它用完了。run out of 表示 “用完，用光”，其主 一般是人。【拓展】 run out of 可表示“从跑出来”。Bill ran out of the room. Bill 从房 里跑出来。ru

14、n构成的短 有run away逃走run after追赶run into difficulties遇到困 【例 】 ( ) When your money_, please come to me for some.A. runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run out4. I take after my mother. 我 得像我 。【辨析】 take after 与 look liketake after 意 “ 得像，行 、性格等像” , 尤其是像自己的 。The boy takes after his father. 个

15、男孩 得像他爸爸。look like 可以用于所有 合，既可指人也可指物， 指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher. 个男的看起来像我 的老 。The rainbow looks like a bridge. 彩虹看上去像一座 。【拓展】 take构成的短 take up take off take placetake one s time take care【例 】 ( ) - Youve really beautiful blond hair.A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for-Th

16、ank you. I _my mother. 气。翻 短 位 at most, 意 “至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3. all the time 一直； 是Things are changing all the time. 事情一直在 化。【拓展】 time相关的短 on time 准 From time to timeat the same time偶 the first time同 第一次in time及 【例 】 出能代替句中划 部分的一 。( ) I a

17、lways go shopping on Friday.A. all the time B. all the same along D. all the way5. I m just as tired as you are! 我和你一 累。as.as 意 “和一 ” , 表示同 比 。 as.as 中 要用形容 或副 原 。This story is as interesting as that one. 个故事和那个一 有趣。否定式 not as/so.as, 意 “不如”。The garden is not so beautiful as you thought.【例 】 ( ) He s

18、peaks French well, but of course not_a person born in France.clear as B. clearer than C. as clearly as D. the more clearly5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一个星期，她不做家 ，我也不做家 。we drive, _pollution our city will have.A. the fewer; the fewer B. the fewer; the lessC. The mo

19、re; the fewer D. the more; the less11. in order to 的用法(1)in order to意 “ 了”， 目的，后接 原形。In order to let the students hear him, he spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pass the exam.In order not to be late for school, she took a taxi.(2) 含 in order to 的句子可以 由 so that 或 in order that 引 的状 从句。 S

20、he ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could catch the bus.12. as a result 的用法as a result 用于引出 果，常用于两个句子之 ，其中一个是另一个的 果，且前后用 点符号将两个句子隔开，意 “ 果是”。He didn t listen carefully. As a result, he couldn t work out the maths p

21、roblem.【注】 as a result of 的意思是“由于，因 ”， 相当于 because of 。Peter was late as a result of the heavy rain.= Peter was late because of the heavy rain.【例 】 ( ) The boy studied hard. _, he passed the exam.A. Ia fact B. On time C. After all D. As a resultUnit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents?重点短语 :look th

22、rough work out get on withcut out compare.with in one s opiniona big deal so that get into a fightcommunicate with not.until. call sb. upinstead of语言知识归纳：1. Why don t you talk to your parents?Why dont you do sth.= Why not do sth.“ 什么不?”【拓展】提出建 的句型What/How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么 ？Shall we do sth.? 我

23、 做某事好 ？Youd better(not) do sth. 你最好（不）做某事。Why dont you do sth. 什么不做某事呢？Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事 ？2. allow v. 允 ， 可 allow sb. to do sth. “允 某人做某事“ allow doing sth. “允 做某事”She doesnt allow smoking in her house.allow+ 名 【例 】 ( ) Do you often allow_until 11:00 .3. work out 生效果， 展Things worked o

24、ut quite well for us. 我 来 ，事情 展很好。He worked out the maths problem. 他算出了 道数学 。Can you work out the problem alone? 你一个人能把 搞清楚 ？4. communicate v. 交流信息；沟通I can t communicate with them at the moment. 此刻我无法同他 行交流。communication n. 交流People can t get o n well with each other without communication. 没有交流，人 就无

25、法相 得好。【例 】 出能代替句中划 部分的一 。( )People choose to keep in touch with their friends by e-mail.A. write B. read D. communicate5. argue vi. 争 ；争吵argue with sb. 与某人争 Dont argue with your parents. 不要和你的父母争 。argue 的名 形式是 “argument”, have an argument with sb.Alice hand an argument with her best friend.【例 】 ( )I

26、 never argue _my parents.与某人 。6. instead adv. 代替， 替If you are busy, you may come another day instead.【辨析】 instead 与 instead ofinstead 副 舍前取后，可 独使用，位于句首或句末。instead of 介 短 舍后取前，后面常跟名 ，代 及 ing 。He didn t answer. He asked his father instead.We eat rice instead of noodles.【例 】 ( ) What a nice day! We sho

27、uld go sightseeing _watching TV in the hotel. of B. instead of with7. offerv. 提供；提出；建 offer 做“提供” ，可接双 。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth. 向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea to the man.= The waitress offered the man a cup oftea. offer 有“提出，建 ”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主 提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the

28、 boy some money.【例 】 ( ) The little boy _ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought8. And they are always comparing them with other pare 作 ，意 “比 ， 和相比”。 compare.with. 把同相比 Parents shouldnt always compare their children with others.父母 不 是把自己的孩子同 人相比 。 compare.to

29、. 把比作People often compare the life to a stage. 人 常把生活比作一个舞台。【例 】 ( ) My handwriting can not be compared_ my father s.A. to B. with C. on10.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.return 意 “ ”，其后可接双 return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.Dont forget to return me the keys. return 有“返回”的意思，相当于 go back, 后接地点 需要介 to 。He作 引 状 从句，在 while 引 的从句中，其 只能是延 性 ， 主从句中的 作或状 同 生。While I was watching TV, someone knocked at the doo