英语人文知识.docx

1、英语人文知识人文知识(1)美国概况1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is The Mississippi River.（密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线）iNP中国英语学习网2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain. ( 最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原)iNP中国英语学习网3

2、The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is Non-hispanics white. ( 非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体)iNP中国英语学习网4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is African Americans. ( 2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体)iNP中国英语学习网5 America has the worl

3、ds oldest written constitution and political party. (美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党)iNP中国英语学习网6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by World War II. (第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境)iNP中国英语学习网7 In the United States, primary education requires Six years. (美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间)iNP中国英语学习网8 M

4、ost college students in the United States are in Public institutions. (大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读)iNP中国英语学习网9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court. (美国的联邦法院系统包括)iNP中

5、国英语学习网10Louisiana (which state )is not governed by the common law. (路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束)人文知识(2)美国概况1 Of the fifty states of America, 38 states now have the death penalty as punishment.（美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑）2 The four major regions of the United Sates are Northeast, South, Midwest and West. （美国的主要四大部分不包括北部）3

6、The New England Region regions culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit. （美国的新英格兰地区， 也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响）4 California is the largest state in terms of size and population in America. （加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多）5 “Hollywood” is often used as a synonym for American films . (好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地)6 Th

7、e most important and largest river in the United States of America is the Mississippi River. (美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。被美国人视为“众河之父”，沿河流域也是美国的主要农作物产区)7The north-eastern part of the United States New England enjoys a typical continental climate. (美国东北部的新英格兰地区是典型的大陆性气候。冬天寒冷，夏天炎热)8 To the west of main

8、land American lies the Pacific Ocean Ocean. (美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南靠墨西哥及墨西哥湾)9 Detroit, a U.S. city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its automobile industry. (底特律是美国著名的汽车城)10The natives of the continent of the America are the Indians. (美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人)人文知识(3)美国概况1 D is the largest city and the chie

9、f port of the United States. (纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口) AWashington D.C BLos Angeles C San Francisco DNew York City2 A enjoys the worst social and economic conditions. (黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下) A Blacks BHispanics C Indians D Asian Americans3 Washington D.C. is named after C . (首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统

10、乔治华盛顿，而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂哥伦布) Athe U.S. President George Washington BChristopher Columbus Cboth George Washington and Christopher Columbus Dnone of them4 American and British English are two A of the English language. (美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体) A varieties B elements C parts D f

11、orm5 The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was D . (美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕林肯)AThomas JeffersonB. James Monroe CJames MadisonDAbraham Lincoln6 Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is _A_. (美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛)A Rhode Island BVirginia CTexas DMontana7 The national flag

12、 of the United States is known as _A_. (美国的国旗是星条旗)A the Star-Spangled BannerBUncle Sam CHot Dog DUnion Jack8 The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _B_. (美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例)Acontribution a state has made to the nationBpopulationCsizeDnone of the above9 The te

13、rn “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _B_. (美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河)A. the Amazon River B. the Mississippi River C. the Nile River D. the Hudson River10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by _A_ as a gift in 1884. (美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物)A France B SpainCItalyDBritain人文知识(4)美国概况1 . Ernest H

14、emingway is _B_. (文坛巨匠海明威是美国人)DJJ中国英语学习网A. Englishman B. American C. Dutch D. Denmark DJJ中国英语学习网2 . John Fitzgerald Kennedy is _A_ president. (肯尼迪是美国的第35任总统)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. 35thB. 34th C. 33rd D. 32nd DJJ中国英语学习网3 . In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary ,

15、 opened in _C_ to serve the “ Muslim sex”. (美国的第一所女子学院开设于马萨诸塞州)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. New England B. VirginiaC. Massachusetts D. New York DJJ中国英语学习网4 . The capital of Massachusetts is _B_. (麻省的首府是波士顿)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. ProvidenceB. Boston C. MontpelierD. Augusta DJJ中国英语学习网5 . _D_ is the dividing line between the

16、South and North. (美国南北的分界线是密苏里河，东西的分界线是密西西比河)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. The Hudson River B. The Potomac River DJJ中国英语学习网C. The Ohio River D. The Missouri River DJJ中国英语学习网6 . _D_ is Washingtons largest city. (华盛顿州的最大城市是西雅图)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. BoiseB. DenverC. TacomaD. Seattle DJJ中国英语学习网7 . Washington D.C., the capital

17、of U.S. is situated on the _C_ River banks. (华盛顿特区位于波托马克河上)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. St. LawrenceB. HudsonC. PotomacD. Missouri DJJ中国英语学习网8 . When did the American Civil War break out? C (美国内战爆发于1861年，结束于1865年)DJJ中国英语学习网 A. 1775B. 1812 C. 1861 D. 1863 DJJ中国英语学习网9 .Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of In

18、dependence? B (为美国起草独立宣言的是托马斯杰弗逊) DJJ中国英语学习网 A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Hancock DJJ中国英语学习网10. In which day is Halloween celebrated?B (万圣节前夕是10月的最后一天即10月31号) DJJ中国英语学习网 A. 5 November B. 31 October C. 17 March D. 25 December人文知识(5)英国概况1. Britain was the first country t

19、o industrialize because of the following factors except _ D _. (英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的) A. Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade. B. Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport. C. British engineers had

20、 sound training and the inventors were respected. D. British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.2. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _ B _ has very little power. (英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力)A. queen B. monarch C. prime minis

21、ter D. king3. Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them? A (保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子) A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party

22、4. On accepting _ D _, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began. (权利法案的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代) A. Constitutional Law B. The Declaration of Independence C. Civil Law D. Bill of Rights5. Females were allowed to vote in national ele

23、ctions until _ A _. (直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权) A. 1918 B. 1916 C. 1920 D. 18966. The British North America Act of 1867 established _ B _ as a domain. (1867年英国北美法案将加拿大纳为它的自治领) A. Australia B. Canada C. New Zealand D. India7. During World War II, as a war leader, _ D _ received massive popular support an

24、d led his country to final victory in 1945. (在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利) A. Harold Wilson B. Edward Heath C. Franklin Roosevelt D. Winston Churchill8. The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _ C _. (福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年

25、阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿) A. France B. New Zealand C. Argentina D. Australia9. In Britain, a _ B _ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns. (英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举) A. civic election B. by-election C. popular election D. general election10. In the United Kingd

26、om, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _ C . (在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的) A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister D. the King人文知识（6）英国概况1. How many members are there in the House of Commons? D (下议院共有651名议员) A. 650 B. 524 C. 72 D. 651 2. Which of the followin

27、g people didnt use to be the British Prime Minister? C (撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson) A. Margaret Thatcher B. Winston Churchill C. Horatio Nelson D. John Major 3. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is

28、 appointed _ A _ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. (在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位) A. Prime Minister B. Member of Parliament C. Lord of appeal D. Speaker of the House 4. The Tories were the forerunners of _ B _, which still bears this nickname today. (托利党是英国保守党的前身) A. the Lab

29、our Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party 5. In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the _ B _ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition. (在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁（shadow cabinet）) A. largest B. second large

30、st C. third largest D. fourth largest 6. The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britains _ D _ decline. (现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退) A. political B. educational C. military D. economic 7. The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _ C _. (正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化) A. globalization B. nationalization C. privatization D. competition 8. Today, in Britain, _ A _ is called a “sick” industry. (英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降) A. coal mining B. iron and steel C