Communicative Approach in English Teaching.docx

1、Communicative Approach in English TeachingCommunicative Approach in English TeachingOutlineI. Problems in the present English teaching and causes of these problemsII. Introduce the communicative approach 1. The definition of communicative approach 2. Two principles of communicative approach (1) Crea

2、te a realistic situation (2) The class should be students-centeredIII. Adopt communicative approach to improve students ability to listen and speak, and achieve the goal of English teaching 1. Three stages in communicative teaching 2. Communicative activities in class 3. Achieve the goal of English

3、teaching through communicative approachIV. ConclusionAbstract Language is a means of communication. Although it is not the only form of communication among human beings, it is certainly the most important. English teaching is to teach the students how to communicate with each other, to train the stu

4、dents good and complete language ability - to express their ideas correctly and to easily adjust themselves to every kind of social situation. English teaching is a case in point. This paper is to discuss some problems of present English teaching approach, to state the principles and advantages of c

5、ommunicative approach, and to give some advice on how to make the English class more communicative and improve the students ability of listening and speaking. KEY WORDS: communicative approach the ability of listening and speaking simulation communicative activities摘要 语言是交流的工具, 尽管语言不是人类交流的唯一方式,但它却是人

6、类交流量重要的一种方式 英语教学旨在教会学生如何进行交际, 培养学生良好的完整的语言能力-正确表达自己的思想和适应社会的需求.英语教学至关重要.本文论述了目前英语教学中存在的一些问题,阐述了交际教学法的基本原则和优点,以及如何适应英语教学课堂更加交际化,提高学生的听说能力.关键词: 交际法 听说能力 交际活动 情景 Communicative Approach in English TeachingI. Porblems in the present English teaching and causes of these problems As present, English teachi

7、ng reform has been carried out in schools, some teaching reform has been succeeded, but there are still some problems in English teaching. The students who have had several years of training in English are still unable to actually use the language. Actually, many teachers ignore the importance of th

8、e students ability of listening and speaking. Now the teachers have been faced with the problem of improving the students ability of listening and speaking. English teaching reform is carried out on a national-wide scale, how do we evaluate it? Most of headmasters and teachers only pay attention to

9、the marks of the entrance examination. It seems that some students have got high marks in examination, but their listening and speaking are very poor, they cant communicate with what they have learned. II. Introduce the communicative approach1. The definition of communicative approach Communicative

10、approach refers to the theory of teaching according to the principle that the students and teachers should genuinely communicate with each other using the target language.2. Two principles of communicative approach Among the numerous principles of communicative approach, there are two pieces of prin

11、ciples, which are more important in Chinas English teaching.2.1 Create more realistic situation The current teaching methods dont emphasize the real world situations and fail to cultivate students spontaneity. Artificial conventions and mechanical question-and-answer sequences fall short of the flex

12、ible, spontaneous kind of communicative interaction required for performing a task with the context of situation relevant to the real world. The most obvious advantage of these kind techniques is that it puts the learners in realistic situations. By simulating the physical circumstances of certain s

13、ituations, the students can have the opportunity to use and to practise the sort of language, particularly the vocabulary related to that situation, so that learners are rehearsed for real life. In addition, they can express what they want to say whenever the situation calls for it. 2.2 The class sh

14、ould be students-centered The focus of classroom should be shifted from the teacher to students. The present teaching in China,the class is just mainly teacher-centered.The teacher does most the talking and always has the whole class under his strict control by lecturing, questioning, correcting stu

15、dents and often supplying correct answers to the exercises.In such a class, the teacher is obviously the most authoritative person. The class should be learners-centered. Communicative approach makes learners to be themselves and requires the classroom instructor to play a secondary role, trying to

16、keep focus on the students not on himself and encouraging students to communicate among themselves. The teacher should allow full scope for his students spontaneous learning process and give more opportunities for the students to talk, perform and express their own ideas. In this way, the students w

17、ill no longer feel inferior. Gradually, they will form a positive attitude toward English studying. This relationship will contribute favorably to effective learning. It is to say that the students are the main part in communication, while the teacher helps the students to communicate.The role and r

18、elationship between the teacher and students are fixed by the students-centered principle. These two pieces of principle, of course, will not solve all the problems, for communication teaching does not only involve methods and techniques but also material development, testing, class organization and

19、 possibly the retraining of the staff. TThe aim of teaching English is to develop the students ability of using language communicative ability. We say the process of teaching is the process of communication, so English teaching should use the communicative approach.III. Adopt communicative approach

20、to improve students ability to listen and speaking1. Three stages of communicative teaching Communicative approach is a good way to improve the students ability of listening and speaking, and it is thought highly by more and more people. Communicative teaching is a very complex process. The teacher

21、can divide the students learning into three stages: In the first stage, the teacher is a sort of information - he selects material to be learnt and presents it so that the students can understand it and remember it as clearly as possible. The students may do little talking but they should by no mean

22、s be passive. The second stage is the practice stage. Mere the students do the talking organized from cue by the teacher- this practice should be meaningful and memorable. The third stage is often ommitted by many teachers. It is a production stage; “No learning can be assumed to have taken place un

23、til the students are able to use the language for themselves (H.G. Widdowson).” They should be allowed, under the guidance of the teacher, to use the language freely, even if they make some mistakes as a result. 2. The class communicative activities Language learning takes place among the students a

24、nd teachers who know their frequent frustration, many aspects of it are beyond their pedagogic control, it is likely, in fact, that many aspects of language learning can take place only through natural processes. If this is so, communicative activity is an important part of the total learning proces

25、s. Communicative activity provides opportunities for positive personal relationships to develop among learners and teachers. These relationships can help to humanize the class and to create and environment that supports the individual in his efforts to learn. In looking for ways of creating more var

26、ied forms of interaction in the classroom, teachers of foreign language have turned increasingly to the field of simulation. Learners are asked to imagine themselves in a situation which would occur outside the classroom, and they are asked to behave as if the situation really excited. Teaching a fo

27、reign language is difficult because the teacher is trying to teach in the classroom something which is normally learnt outside and used outside the normal range of experience of the classroom. Thus in the classroom the teacher and students have to try to create similar conditions to those outside th

28、e classroom in order to facilitate the learning process. “Role-playing” is one method of getting the students to imagine they are someone else and play that part. The following is an example, used in context of discussing television. The teacher can use cue cards, which are designed as prompts for a

29、 conversation. Notice that this activity involves the students in group work, which is also an important feature of reproducing real life confitions inside the classroom. Pictures are another extremely useful visual aid. Pictures of people and places are much more interesting than ordinary objects.

30、This is another chance for group work and genuine discussion. Communicative activities are very important in language learning. It may be useful to consider briefly what the teacher might hope to achieve through the communicative activity in the classroom. Since this will determine his own attitude

31、toward it and what he gives it in his overall methodology. The learners ultimate objective is to take part in communication with others. Their motivation to learn is more likely to be sustained if they can see how their classroom learning is related to this objective and helps them to achieve it wit

32、h increasing success.3. Achieve the goal of English teaching through communicative approach English is an international language. One of the most frequently given reason in todays China for the teaching of English is that it affords “ a window on the world”. Now the teachers have faced with the problem of improving the students ability of listening and speaking. But now we lack the environment of studying foreign language, and our English lessons are limited. Under these circumstances, communicative approach is a good method to improve