缓冲液配制方法.docx

1、缓冲液配制方法一常用缓冲溶液的配制方法1甘氨酸盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L）x ml 0.2mol/L甘氨酸y ml 0.2mol/L HCl，再加水稀释至200mlpHx/mly/mlpHx/mly/ml2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸Mr = 75.07，0.2mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01g/L2甘氨酸氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L）x ml 0.2mol/L甘氨酸y ml 0.2mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至200mlpHx/mly/mlpHx/mly/ml8.65

2、04.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.810.05032.09.25012.010.45038.69.45016.810.65045.5甘氨酸Mr = 75.07，0.2mol/L甘氨酸溶液为15.01g/L3邻苯二甲酸盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L，20）x ml 0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾y ml 0.2mol/L HCl，再加水稀释到20mlpHx/mly/mlpHx/mly/ml2.254.6703.251.4702.453.9603.450.9902.653.2953.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032邻苯二甲

3、酸氢钾Mr = 204.23，0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含40.85g/L4柠檬酸氢氧化钠盐酸缓冲液pHNa浓度/mol/L柠檬酸/gC6H8O7H2O氢氧化钠/gNaOH(97%)盐酸/mlHCl(浓)最终体积/L*2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610使用时可以每升中加入1g酚，若最后pH值有变化，再用少量50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，置冰箱保存。5磷酸氢二钠柠檬酸缓冲液pH0.2

4、ol/L Na2HPO4/ml0.1mol/L柠檬酸/mlpH0.2mol/L Na2HPO4/ml0.1mol/L柠檬酸/ml2.20.4019.605.210.729.282.41.2418.765.411.158.852.62.1817.825.611.608.402.83.1716.835.812.097.913.04.1115.896.012.637.373.24.9415.066.213.226.783.45.7014.306.413.856.153.66.4413.566.614.555.453.87.1012.906.815.454.554.07.7112.297.016.47

5、3.534.28.2811.727.217.392.614.48.8211.187.418.171.834.69.3510.657.618.731.274.89.8610.147.819.150.855.010.309.708.019.450.55Na2HPO4 Mr = 141.98，0.2mol/L溶液为28.40g/L，Na2HPO42H2O Mr = 178.05，0.2mol/L溶液为35.61g/LC6H8O7H2O Mr = 210.14，0.1mol/L溶液为21.01g/L6柠檬酸柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1mol/L）pH0.1mol/L柠檬酸/ml0.1mol/L柠檬酸钠/ml

6、pH0.1mol/L柠檬酸/ml0.1mol/L柠檬酸钠/ml3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸C6H8O7H2O，Mr = 210.14，0.1mol/L溶液为21.01g/L柠檬酸钠Na3C6H5O72H2O，Mr = 294.12，0.1mo

7、l/L溶液为29.41g/L7乙酸乙酸钠缓冲液（0.2mol/L，18）pH0.2mol/LNaAc/ml0.2mol/LHAc/mlpH0.2mol/LNaAc/ml0.2mol/LHAc/ml3.60.759.254.85.904.103.81.208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.89.400.60NaAc3H2O，Mr = 136.09，0.2mol/L溶液为27.22g/L8邻苯二甲酸氢钾氢氧化钠缓冲液50ml 0.1mol/L邻苯

8、二甲酸氢钾x ml 0.1mol/L氢氧化钠，加水稀释到100mlpHx/mlpHx/mlpHx/ml4.11.34.816.55.536.64.23.04.919.45.638.84.34.75.022.65.740.64.46.65.125.55.842.34.58.75.228.85.943.74.611.15.331.64.713.65.434.1邻苯二甲酸氢钾Mr = 204.23，0.1mol/L溶液为20.42g/L9磷酸盐缓冲液(1)磷酸氢二钠磷酸二氢钠缓冲液（0.2mol/L）pH0.2mol/LNa2HPO4/ml0.2mol/LNaH2PO4/mlpH0.2mol/LNa

9、2HPO4/ml0.2mol/LNaH2PO4/ml5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.167.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.023.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.051.08.094.75.36.955.045.0Na2HPO42H2O，Mr = 178.05，0

10、.2mol/L溶液为35.61g/LNa2HPO412H2O，Mr = 358.22，0.2mol/L溶液为71.64g/LNaH2PO4H2O，Mr = 138.01，0.2mol/L溶液为27.6g/LNaH2PO42H2O，Mr = 156.03，0.2mol/L溶液为31.21g/L(2)磷酸氢二钠磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（1/15mol/L）pH1/15mol/LNa2HPO4/ml1/15mol/LKH2PO4/mlpH1/15mol/LNa2HPO4/ml1/15mol/LKH2PO4/ml4.920.109.907.177.003.005.290.509.507.388.002.005

11、.911.009.007.739.001.006.242.008.008.049.500.506.473.007.008.349.750.256.644.006.008.679.900.106.815.005.008.1810.0006.986.004.00Na2HPO42H2O，Mr = 178.05，1/15mol/L溶液为11.876g/LKH2PO4，Mr = 136.09，1/15mol/L溶液为9.078g/L10磷酸氢二钠氢氧化钠缓冲液50ml 0.05mol/L磷酸氢二钠x ml 0.1mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至100mlpHx/mlpHx/mlpHx/ml10.93.3

12、11.37.611.716.211.04.111.49.111.819.411.15.111.511.111.923.011.26.311.613.512.026.9Na2HPO42H2O，Mr = 178.05，0.05mol/L溶液为8.90g/LNa2HPO412H2O，Mr = 358.22，0.05mol/L溶液为17.91g/L11磷酸二氢钾氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L，20）x ml 0.2mol/L KH2PO4y ml 0.2mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至20mlpHx/mly/mlpHx/mly/ml5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.

13、5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.68012硼砂盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L硼酸根）50ml 0.025mol/L硼砂x ml 0.1mol/L 盐酸，加水稀释至100mlpHx/mlpHx/mlpHx/ml8.0020.58.416.68.89.48.1019.78.515.28.97.18.2018.88.613.59.04.68.3017.78.711.69.12.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O，Mr = 381.43，0.025mol/L溶液为9.53g/L13巴比妥钠盐酸缓

14、冲液（18）pH0.04mol/L巴比妥钠溶液/ml0.2mol/L盐酸/mlpH0.04mol/L巴比妥钠溶液/ml0.2mol/L盐酸/ml6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠盐Mr = 206.18，0.04mol/L溶液为8.25g/L14Tris盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L，25）50ml 0.1mol/L三羟甲

15、基氨基甲烷（Tris）溶液与x ml 0.1mol/L 盐酸混匀后，加水稀释至100mlpHx/mlpHx/ml7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.29.005.7注：三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）Mr = 121.14，0.1mol/L溶液为12.114g/L。Tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，保存时注意密封。15硼酸硼砂缓冲液（0.

16、2mol/L硼酸根）pH0.05mol/L硼砂/ml0.2mol/L硼酸/mlpH0.05mol/L硼砂/ml0.2mol/L硼酸/ml7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61.58.58.44.55.57.82.08.08.76.04.08.03.07.09.08.02.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O，Mr = 381.43，0.05mol/L溶液（=0.2 mol/L硼酸根）为19.07g/L，硼砂易失去结晶水，必须密闭保存硼酸H3BO3，Mr = 61.84，0.2mol/L溶液为12.37g/L16硼砂氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L硼酸根）x ml 0.05mol/L硼砂y m

17、l 0.2mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至200mlpHx/mly/mlpHx/mly/ml9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂Na2B4O710H2O，Mr = 381.43，0.05mol/L溶液为19.07g/L17碳酸钠碳酸氢钠缓冲液（0.1mol/L）Ca2、Mg2存在时不得使用pH0.1mol/L碳酸钠/ml0.1mol/L碳酸氢钠/ml20379.168.77199.409.12289.519.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.

18、288210.8310.5791无水碳酸钠Mr = 105.99，0.1mol/L溶液为10.60g/L碳酸氢钠Mr = 84.01，0.1mol/L溶液为8.40g/L18碳酸氢钠氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.025mol/L碳酸氢钠）50ml 0.05mol/L碳酸氢钠x ml 0.1mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至100mlpHx/mlpHx/mlpHx/ml9.65.010.112.210.619.19.76.210.213.810.720.29.87.610.315.210.821.29.99.110.416.510.922.010.010.710.517.811.022.7碳酸氢钠Mr =

19、84.01；0.05mol/L溶液为4.20g/L19氯化钾氢氧化钠缓冲液25ml 0.2mol/L KClx ml 0.2mol/L NaOH，加水稀释至100mlpHx/mlpHx/mlpHx/ml12.06.012.416.212.841.212.18.012.520.412.953.012.210.212.625.613.066.012.312.812.732.2KCl Mr = 74.55；0.2mol/L溶液为14.91g/L二常用市售酸碱的浓度溶质分子式Mrmol/Lg/L重量百分比比重配制1mol/L溶液的加入量/ ml/L冰乙酸CH3COOH60.0517.4104599.5

20、1.0557.5乙酸60.056.27376361.045159.5甲酸HCOOH46.0223.41080901.2042.7盐酸HCl36.511.62.942410536101.181.0586.2344.8硝酸HNO363.0215.9914.913.310089388377167611.421.401.3762.567.175.2高氯酸HClO4100.511.659.2117292370601.671.5485.8108.7磷酸H3PO480.018.11445851.7055.2硫酸H2SO498.118.01766961.8455.6氢氧化铵NH4OH35.014.8251280.89867.6氢氧化钾KOH56.113.51.9475710950101.521.0974.1515.5氢氧化钠NaOH40.019.12.7576311150101.531.1152.4363.6