BEC中级第二辑阅读真题及答案详解.docx

1、BEC中级第二辑阅读真题及答案详解1thecontactbetweencoachandemployeenotsolvingalldifficultiesatwork2thediscussionofhowcertainsituationscouldbebetterhandlediftheyoccuragain3 acoachencouraginganemployeetoapplywhathasbeentaughttoroutineworksituations4coachingprovidingnewinteresttoindividualswhoareunhappyintheircurrentp

2、ositions5coachingprovidingasupportiveenvironmenttodiscussperformance6employeesbeingaskedtoanalysethemselvesandpractisegreaterself-awareness7coachingenablingacompanytorespondrapidlytoalackofexpertiseinacertainareaCoachingACoachinginvolvestwoormorepeoplesittingdowntogethertotalkthroughissuesthathaveco

3、meuprecentlyatwork,andanalysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwithmoreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.Coachingthustransfersskillsandinformationfromonepersontoanotherinanon-the-jobsituationsothattheworkexperienceofthecoachisusedtoadviseandguidetheindividualbeingcoached.Italsoallowssuccesses

4、andfailurestobeevaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.BCoachingmeansinfluencingthelearnerspersonaldevelopment,forexamplehisorherconfidenceandambition.Itcantakeplaceanytimeduringanindividualscareer.Coachingisintendedtoassistindividualstofunctionmoreeffectively,anditisapowerfullearningmodel.Itbeginswhe

5、reskills-basedtrainingends,andhelpsindividualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations.Individualsbeingcoachedareinademandingsituationwiththeircoach,whichrequiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.CThecoachprofessionallyassiststhecareerdev

6、elopmentofanotherindividual,outsidethenormalmanager/subordinaterelationship.Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswerstoeveryproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.However,itcanprovideaspacefordiscussionandfeedbackontopicssuchaspeoplemanagementandskills,behaviourpatterns,confidence-buildi

7、ngandtimemanagement.Throughcoaching,anorganisationcanmeetskillsshortages,discusstargetsandindicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,allatshortnotice.DEffectivecoachesareusuallythosewhogetsatisfactionfromthesuccessofothersandwhogivetimetothecoachingrole.Givingpeoplecoachingresponsibilit

8、iescansupporttheirdevelopment,eitherbyencouragingmanagementpotentialthroughsmall-scaleone-to-oneassignments,orbyprovidingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobs.Acoachisalsoaconfidentialadviser,accustomedtodevelopingpositiveandeffectiveapproachestocomplexmanagement,organi

9、sationalandchangeproblems.这篇文章讲的是培训（coaching）的作用。培训对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至关重要的。文章的内容比较泛，但是题目的答案比较明显。第一题，教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中的所有困难。答案是C段的这么一句：Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswerstoeveryproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.理论上，培训可以提供所有问题的答案。但是实践中达不到这样。Fallshortof是关键词。第二题，讨论某些情况如果再度出现的话怎么样可以处

10、理的更好。答案是A段的这么一句：analysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwithmoreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.分析应该如何进行处理并且在接下来的情况下怎样可以处理的更有效。这里的dealtwithmoreeffectively对应于题干中的betterhandled，onsubsequentoccasions.也就是occuragain。第三题，教练鼓励员工将所学应用到日常的工作中。答案是B段的这么一句：helpsindividualstouseformallylearntknowledgei

11、nday-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations.帮助个人将学到的正式知识用在日常工作和管理情况下。这里的day-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations就是题干中的routineworksituations，whathasbeentaught也就是formallylearntknowledge。第四题，培训为在现有岗位上不高兴的个人提供了新的兴趣。答案是D段的这么一句：providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobs。对感觉自己在现有岗

12、位上受困的经理们提供附加的工作满足感。这里的stuckintheirpresentjobs就是题干中的unhappyintheircurrentposition，addedjobsatisfaction可以对应于题干中的newinterest。第五题，培训提供了一个有力的、支持性的讨论工作表现的环境。答案是A段的：Italsoallowssuccessesandfailurestobeevaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.它允许成功和失败在一个没有威胁的气氛下被评估。成功和失败也就是performance，supportiveenvironment可以对应

13、于non-threateningatmosphere。第六题，员工被要求分析他们自己并且培养出更强的自知。有必要理解下self-awareness的含义，不能简单的从中文理解成自我意识，看英文解释：knowledgeandunderstandingofyourself。所以答案是B段的这么一句：requiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.要求他们考虑自己的行为并且思考这么做的理由。considertheirownbehaviour可以对应于题干中的analysethemselves，思

14、考这么做的理由也是为了进一步增进对自己的认识。第七题，培训可以使得公司对某个领域的技术缺失迅速做出反应。答案是C段的最后一句：indicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,allatshortnotice.指出员工怎样处理有挑战性的情况，在短时间内。Atshortnotice是一接到通知就，短时间内的意思,可以对应这一题的respondrapidly，challengingsituations可以指代题干中的alackofexpertiseinacertainarea.BUFFETZONELucyRobertsonstarted

15、workingatatakeawayfoodbusinesstosupplementherincomeduringherstudentdaysatEdinburgh University,Severalyearslatershehadboughtthebusinessandnow,17yearson,sheownsGrapevineCaterers,probablyScotlandsleadingindependentcaterers,withaturnoverofalmost6m.Shehadneverplannedtoownabusiness,andhadcertainlynevercon

16、sideredacareerincatering.(0).However,herunplannedcareerbeganin1985,whenshereturnedtoEdinburghanddiscoveredthatthetakeawayshehadworkedinwasupforsale.Onimpulse,sheboughtit,butadmitsthatatthetimesheknewnothingaboutcatering.(8).Itwasadifficulttime,butessentialintermsofgainingtheexperiencesheneeded.Thela

17、te1980sboomwasgoodforbusiness,withlargenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheirlunches.(9).Atonepointtherewere26foodoutletswithina5-kilometreradius,Robertsonrecalls.Astheeconomychangedandtheoncepackedofficeblocksstartedtobecomevacant,itbecameclearthatRobertsonwouldneedtodiversify.(10).Itcha

18、ngedthedirectionofthecompanyforgood.AsRobertsonbegantowincateringcontracts,shedecidedthatthecompanywouldhavetomovetolargerpremises.In1994,themovewasmadewhensheboughtanothercateringbusinessthatalreadyhadanumberofprofitablecontractsforboardroomlunches.Meanwhile,Robertsonsmaincompetitor,theoldestcateri

19、ngcompanyinEdinburgh,wascausinghersomeanxiety.Customerloyaltyisnottobeunderestimated,shewarns.ButRobertsonisnotsomeonewhoiseasilyputoff.(11).Partlyasaresultofthis,turnoverdoubled,andhavingoutgrownanothersite,Robertsonboughtacity-centrelocationforthegroupsheadquarters.Bynow,Grapevinesmaincompetitorwa

20、sanewcateringcompanycalledTowngates.AlthoughRobertsontriedtoraiseenoughmoneytobuyTowngates,shedidnotsucceed.ThenluckintervenedandTowngateswentbankrupt.(12).Manyacceptedandthecompanysturnoverwentfrom700,000tol.5millionalmostovernight.However,thecompanysgrowthwasnotassmoothasitsoundsinretrospect.Rober

21、tsonadmits,Wewereclosetotheedgeduringthegrowthperiod.Likemanyunder-capitalisedcompaniestryingtogrow,itmighteasilyhavecollapsed.Butthat,shefeels,isthechallengeofdevelopingyourownbusiness.AButthereareplentyofsimilarcontractstobewonintheeastofScotlandbeforeRobertsonturnsherattentionelsewhere.BHerwayrou

22、ndthisparticularproblemwastorecruitthecateringmanageroftherivalcompany.CButthisdemandwasshort-lived,andbeforelong,increasingcompetitionmadeithardertomakeaprofit.DItwasadramaticlearningcurveandverysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedatfirst,saysRobertson.EShedecidedthatthesolution,sincemanycompaniesrequired

23、workinglunchesformeetingswithclients,wastoprepareanddelivermealstobusinesspremises.FOnhearingthis,RobertsonimmediatelycontactedalloftheirclientsandofferedtheservicesofGrapevineCaterers.GInstead,shestudiedaccountancyafterleavinguniversity,andasteadyifunspectacularprofessionalpathseemedset.BuffetZone，

24、自助餐区域，在这篇文章里的意思应该是自助餐领域，讲的是一个在自助餐领域取得了惊人成绩的杰出女性创业的故事。这套题目不难，尤其比起第四辑的题目。文章本身有很清晰的故事发展脉络，选项和原文的对应也比较明显。文章的几个段落是按照时间先后、故事发生的先后进行的，很明确。第一段是总括，第二段是讲的创业起步阶段的一些困难以及应对困难的对策，第三段是公司好转后的办公室重置（relocation），第四、五段是公司的竞争情况，最后一段总结。第八题，前面说一时冲动她买下了这个外卖餐馆（takeaway），事实上那个时候她对餐饮业一无所知。空格后面说的是这段时间很困难，但是对获得所需要的经验却是很有必要的。所以第

25、八题的空格部分应该填入跟学习、积累经验有关的内容。D选型最吻合，Itwasadramaticlearningcurve，这里的learning是关键词，很明显的答案信号。还有verysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedatfirst，atfirst也是关键词。第九题，空格前面说largenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheirlunches，大量的办公室员工需要外卖食品做午饭，这里的wanting是个很关键的词。空格后面话锋一转，说曾经一度5公里内有26家食品商店，但是经济转变了，一条街都空了（blocksstar

26、tedtobecomevacant）。从上下文来分析，第九空的内容应该和办公室员工的外卖需求有关，同时带有转折意思。C选项完全符合这一条件：但是这种需求是短暂的，不久，逐渐增长的竞争使得赢得利润变得更加困难。第十题，上文说经济形势转变了，所以Robertson决定从事多样化的经营。后面说这种做法永远的改变了公司的经营方式。所以第十空应该填入相应的对策，怎么样来应对经济形势的转变。符合这一条件的是B和E，都是关于解决问题的，但是B选项所说的招募竞争对手的餐厅经理在上下文内容中没有提到。应该选D，为商业大厦送饭，正好对应下一段所说的。第十一题，这一题才应该选B，前面说竞争对手给自己造成了很大的困扰

27、。但是Robertson却不是那么容易屈服的人。后面说部分原因是这个，营业额翻倍了。所以中间应该也是填入对策。和竞争对手有关的，所以应该选B，B的particular是个关键词，rivalcompany也很明显。第十二题，前面说Robertson想收购一个竞争对手，但是没成功，结果人家公司自己破产倒闭了。后面来了一个manyaccepted，可以看出这中间应该填入的是人家公司破产后Robertson的一些举措。F满足这一条件：一听到这些，Robertson马上联系他们的客户并且提供了自己公司的服务。1、buffet:amealatwhichpeopleservethemselvesfromat

28、ableandthenstandorsitsomewhereelsetoeat自助餐2、takeawaya、arestaurantthatcooksandsellsfoodthatyoutakeawayandeatsomewhereelse外卖餐馆b、amealthatyoubuyatthistypeofrestaurant外卖的饭菜；外卖食物3、inretrospect:thinkingaboutapasteventorsituation,oftenwithadifferentopinionofitfromtheoneyouhadatthetime回顾4、under-capitalised:

29、(aboutabusiness)nothavingenoughmoney(capital)tobeabletooperatenormally,paydebtsandgrow资金不足。5、Instead,shestudiedaccountancyafterleavinguniversity,andasteadyifunspectacularprofessionalpathseemedset.这个句子里if的用法比较少见，参见朗文的解释：usedwhenaddingonecriticismofapersonorthingthatyougenerallylikee.g:Lunchwasagrandi

30、frathernoisyaffair.所以G选项的意思就是：然而，离开大学后她学的是会计，一个平淡无奇的职业道路似乎已经铺就。HOWTOMARKETYOURSELFWemanageourowncareersnow.SoknowinghowtobrandandpositionyourselfinthemarketasMeplcatdifferentstagesofyourworkinglifeisbecominganincreasinglyvitalskill.AtleastthatiswhatimageexpertMarySpillanebelieves.Employmentasweknowi

31、tisdecreasing.Jobsdontexist,workexists.Inthenextdecademostofuswillbesuppliers,notstaff.Wewillhaveclientsnotbosses.Ifyouareunder30,youprobablyknowthatthereisonlyonefirmtojoinforlife:Meplc.Itpromotesyouandyourpotentialtoothers.Wereworkinginmulti-national,multicultural,multi-corporateteamsanditsimportanttounderstandtheimplicationsofthis.Weneedtocreateapersonalbrandthatisunique,butcomplementsthebrandofthecorporationweareworkingfor.Youhavetofindawaytodoitsothatyouarenotjustatypicalemployee,advisesSpillane.Youhavetodecidewhatcentralvaluesyouwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedtoal