UT 探伤工艺 翻译版.docx

1、UT 探伤工艺 翻译版巴基斯坦CMEC项目机电超声波检测工艺1.依据标准 ReferenceASME 第V 卷第5章（2007年）. ASTM第卷第一册（2001年）; GB11345-89钢焊缝手工超声波探伤方法和探伤结果分级ASME Section V, Chapter 5 (2007); ASTM Section , Division 1 (2001)GB11345-89: Method for Manual Ultrasonic Testing and Classification of Testing Results for Ferritic Steel Welds. 2.人员资格

2、Personnel Qualification从事本工程超声波检测的人员，应经过专门的职业资格培训，并取得国家有关部门颁发的级以上UT检验资格证书，并负相应的技术责任。The UT inspector in this project shall receive the vocational qualifications training and gain the qualifications certificate which is equal or above Level issued by the related national authority, and take the techn

3、ical responsibility.3.仪器设备 Instrument4.1仪器 Instrument使用HS620型数字式超声波检测仪。HS620 Digital Ultrasonic Detector4.2探头Probe使用2.5P99K3、2.5P1313K2、2.5P1313K1等型号的横波斜探头Angle probes with transverse wave including 2.5P99K3、2.5P1313K2、2.5P1313K1 will be used.4. 耦合剂 couplant5.1耦合剂：工业浆糊。Couplant: Industrial paste5.2

4、耦合剂包括填加剂不应损害被检测材料。The paste and the additive shall not damage the inspected material.5.校验试块 Calibration Block基准校准试块Basic Calibration Block基准校验试块如图1、2所示，它包括基准校验用的各个反射体，用于确定设备的起始参考灵敏度, 以绘制距离-幅度校正曲线，其材质为Q235B，单位为mm，表面粗糙度为3.2m，尺寸误差不大于0.05mm。The basic calibration block in figure 1, 2 contains all its ref

5、lectors which are used to check the initial reference sensitivity of the ultrasonic detector for drawing the Distance-Range calibration curve. The material of the block is Q235B with its unit in mm. The surface roughness of the block shall be equal or less than 3.2m and the dimension tolerance shall

6、 be less than 0.05mm. 图figure 1. CSK-1B试块 test block图figure 2 RB-2试块 test block6. 检测步骤 inspection steps明确检测要求确定检测工艺confirm the detection requirement and the procedure表面制备Polish the surface6.1 超声波检测流程: Inspection flow chart无损检测委托单 Inspection commission sheet of NDT 校验DAC 曲线 Calibrate the DAC curve探头选

7、择 probe selection校正探头 probe calibrtion初检(三种移动探头方式)Initial inspection(four probes)涂耦合剂Daub the counplant确定检测灵敏度 Confirm the sensitivity精检测(定性,定量,定位) accurate detection (qualitative, quantitative, positioning)标志缺陷部位Mark the defects写标记 Mark the defect by painting资料存档 File archiving发出报告 submit the repor

8、t填写检测记录 do records6.2 操作技术要点 Major points in operation techniques在外观检查合格后，方可进行检测。Detection can be done after the visual inspection qualified.6.3检测前，应了解被检工件设计要求、焊缝验收标准、合格级别、检测比例、焊接工艺、坡口形式、板厚、材质等情况。Before the detection, the designed requirement, welding inspection standard, qualification grade, detect

9、ion ratio, welding procedure, groove type, plate thickness and the material shall be acknowledged.6.4 根据检测厚度及可能出现缺陷的部位，选择探头角度(K值)及频率，然后在相应的试块上制作DAC曲线。Select the probe (K value) and frequency as per the thickness of the detected article and the probable defect location; then record the DAC curve on t

10、he UT machine by touching the corresponding test block.6.5检测操作：检测前消除探头移动区的飞溅、蚀、油污等杂物，以保持良好的声学接触。用直射波扫查检测平面型反射体，按本方案要求的范围对整个焊缝体积以及邻近的母材进行平面型反射体的检测，按照所述进行校准，当被检测材料两个表面平行时，应当以材料的底面反射来验证超声的穿透情况。Examination: spatters, rust, oil dirt and other foreign matters shall be removed from probes moving area, so a

11、s to ensure good acoustic contact. The examination for planar reflectors shall be performed on the entire volume of weld and adjacent base material to the extent required by the Method Statement. The calibration shall be performed as described wherein. Penetration shall be verified by obtaining a re

12、flection from an opposite surface of the material being examined when two surfaces are parallel. 扫查的范围：如有可能应在同一表面上从焊缝的两侧对需检测的体积进行扫查，如果因为部件的外形或相邻部分的几何形状而无法在焊缝两侧进行扫查，则应将这种情况写入检测报告中。Scan range: if possible, scan the detected article on both sides of the welding. If there has some problems in scanning d

13、ue to the shape of the detected article or its surrounding items, these situations shall be recorded in the detection report.6.6斜射波扫查 angle beam scanning6.6.1用斜射波探头从垂直于焊缝轴线的两个方向对需检测的体积进行扫查。如有可能，每一次检测都应从两个方向进行，即从焊缝两侧以相反方向对着焊缝移动和从平行于焊缝的相反方向沿着焊缝移动，在这些检测中，每一方向都应当用标称角度为45度、60度、70度的波束。用70度波可以覆盖深25毫米或者1/4壁

14、厚的近表面缺陷，两者取远者，还应对附加的t/4范围进行斜射波检测，该检测应以与45度和60度检测要求相同的方向进行。The examination volume shall be scanned with angle beam probes directed both at right angles to the weld axis and along the weld axis. Wherever feasible, each examination shall be performed in two directions, i.e., approaching the weld from o

15、pposite directions and parallel to the weld from opposite directions, with beams 45 deg., 60 deg. and 70 deg. The beam of 70 deg. can cover surface defects in the depth of 25mm or 1/4 of thickness. The additional t/4 volume angle beam examination shall be conducted with 45 deg. and 60 deg. in same d

16、irection.6.6.2扫查取向平行于焊缝的反射体Scanning for reflectors oriented parallel to the weld斜射波探头应垂直对准焊缝轴线，而且探头的操作应能使超声波束扫过整个焊缝金属，在检测体积内的邻近焊缝的母材，.必须用两个角度的波束作全面扫查。但不需要从两个方向用两个角度的波束作全面扫查，任何两个角度波束的组合均能满足要求。当超声波束基本上垂直于焊缝平面时(如从接管内孔或法兰面进行检测时为平等于材料的表面)，波束的角度从一个方向已足以完全覆盖焊缝应是可容许的，还应对附加的t/4范围按这些要求在离表面1/4的厚度范围内进行斜射波检测。The

17、 angle beam probes shall be aimed at right angles to the weld axis, with the probes manipulated so that the ultrasonic beams pass through the entire volume of weld metal. The adjacent base metal in the examination volume must be completely scanned by two angle beams, but need not be completely scann

18、ed by both angle beams from both directions (any combination of two angle beams will satisfy the requirement). Where the ultrasonic beams are directed essentially normal to the plane of the weld (parallel to the surface of the material, as when the examination is conducted from the nozzle bore or fl

19、ange face), beam angles sufficient to provide complete coverage of the weld from one direction shall be acceptable. The additional t/4 volume angle beam examination shall comply with these requirements within 1/4 of the thickness from the examination surface.6.6.3扫查与焊缝成垂直方向的反射体Scanning for reflector

20、s oriented transverse to the weld 斜射波探头的对准方向应平行于纵缝和环缝的轴线，探头的操作应能使能使超声波束扫过整个焊缝金属。扫查应尽可能从两个互相成180度的方向进行，受几何条件限制的区域，则应至少从一个方向进行检测，还应对附加的t/4范围按这些要求在离表面1/4的厚度范围进行斜射波检测。The angle beam probes shall be aimed parallel to the axis of longitudinal and circumferential welds. The probes shall be manipulated so t

21、hat the ultrasonic beams pass through all of the examination volume. Scanning shall be done in two directions 180 deg. to each other to the extent possible. Areas blocked by geometric conditions shall be examined from at least one direction. The additional t/4 volume angle beam examination shall com

22、ply with these requirements within 1/4 of the thickness from the examination surface.6.7 用斜射波检测平面型反射体的记录Recording angle beam examination data for planar reflectors6.7.1 记录所有不小于20%距离幅度校正(DAC)曲线的反射体，记录能产生不小于按照规定的校准幅度讯号表面的反射体。记录探头位置和定位的尺寸，精确到2.5mm。Record all reflectors that produce a response equal to

23、or greater than 20% of the distance-amplitude correction (DAC). Record surface reflectors that produce a response equal to or exceeding the calibration amplitude established per requirements. Record all probe position and location dimensions to the nearest 2.5mm.6.7.2 每次扫查的间隔，不应超过平行于递增扫查长度方向上的换能器尺寸的

24、9/10（10%重叠），并从这些扫查中取得数据，记录按20% DAC所确定的各端点的数据，要强调确定反射体长度、高度和深度。Obtain data from successive scans at increments no greater than 9/10 of the transducer dimension measured parallel to the scan increment change (10% overlap). Record data for the end points is as determined by 20% of DAC. Emphasis must be

25、 placed on measurement determining the reflector length, height and depth.6.7.3波高超过DAC20%的反射体应记录下列各项数据：DAC最大百分率、信号在描线上的读数、探头位置、沿焊缝长度方向的定位以及声束的方向、沿壁厚方向的尺寸。The following reflector data shall be recorded when a reflector exceeds 20% DAC: maximum percent of DAC, sweep reading of indication, probe positi

26、on, location along the length of the weld, beam direction, and the through-wall dimension.6.7.4对于幅度为20%到100%DAC的反射体，应记录移近反射体最大波幅处时其幅度为20%DAC的最小扫描线读数及位置、以及沿反射体长度方向的定位数据。对于幅度超过100%DAC的反射体，应记录移近反射体最大讯号处幅度为50%最大幅度的最小扫描线读数及位置，以及沿反射体长度方向的定位数据。For reflectors 20% to 100% DAC, record the maximum sweep readin

27、g and its position and location along the length of the reflector for 20% DAC when moving away from the reflectors maximum signal direction. For reflectors exceeding 100% DAC, record the minimum sweep reading and its position and location along the length of the reflector for 50% of the maximum ampl

28、itude when approaching the reflector from the maximum signal direction.6.7.5长度尺寸： 反射体的长度应由沿焊缝长度方向以20%DAC记录的位置和定位数据，得出反射体两端间的距离来确定。Length dimension: the length of the reflector shall be obtained by recording the position and location along the length of weld as determined by 20% of DAC for each end o

29、f the reflector.7.记录 Records7.1记录灵敏度不低于DAC20%的反射体的探头位置和定位尺寸，精确到2.5mm。Record the sensitivity of the reflector that is higher than 50% of the DAC curve. The probe position and its dimension shall be exact to 2.5mm.7.2每项次扫查探头平行方向间距变化不大于晶片尺寸9/10（10%重叠）The moving path of the probe shall be average and th

30、e more than 10% of the moving area shall be overlapped. 7.3对工件首先进行粗检测，对波幅超过灵敏度曲线的反射波应根据探头位置、方向、反射波的位置及焊接的具体情况，判断其是否为缺陷，判断为缺陷的部位应作出标记，然后对粗检测中作标记的部位进行精检测。Roughly detect the article at first to judge the reflecting wave which is higher than the sensitivity curve as per the probe position, direction, th

31、e reflector position and the actual welding conditions, if it is confirmed as the defect, the defect position shall be marked and accurately detected.7.4审阅制造或焊接施工图，或其他检测方法辅以确定反射体的正确位置，尺寸和方向。Review the fabrication and welding construction drawings or use other detection methods to confirm the accurat

32、e location, dimension and direction of the reflector.7.5藕合补偿：应对表面粗糙度、材质衰减、探测面是曲面的工件进行补偿，检测时，应对这些损耗、衰减和补偿进行修正，修正量必须计入DAC 曲线。Coupling compensation: compensate the article that is cambered with rough surface, material attenuation. During the detection, these loses, attenuation and compensation shall be rectified and shown on the DAC curve.8. 复核8.1 每次检测前均对灵敏度曲线进行复核，遇有下述情况应随时对其进行重新核：Recheck the sensitivity curve before the de