四级英语作文技巧及范文.docx

1、四级英语作文技巧及范文四级英语作文技巧及范文1文章结构： ( ten sentences, 120words )Para. 1. S1 General talk of the topicS2 Thesis: the writer s attitude towards itPara. 2. S3 The writer s reasons to have this attitudeS4 Support IS5 Detail IS6 Detail IIS7 Support IIS8 Detail IS9 Detail IIPara.3 S10 Conclusion: restate the thes

2、is2. Development Paragraphs:段落特征：统一，完整，连贯常用的连接手段：1 每段的内容要围绕主题句，保持内容的一致性，并从不同的角度来充分发展段落的主题思想。2 使用代词来代前面提到的人，物或观点3 重复段落中的关键词，短语或句子4 使用同义词5 使用转折词语和句型：1 用 于 段 落 开 始 的 词 语 ： of all, to begin with, nowadays, with the development/invention/progress of ,generally speaking, recently, etc.常用于段落开始的句型 :1. Peopl

3、e Vews/ideas/opinions on vary from person to person. Some people think that 2. Different people have different views on 3. It is held that 4. Just as/As the proverb/old say ing goes 5. It is commonly believed that 6. Is .? Answer to this vary greatly. Some people think that 7. When asked about , dif

4、ferent people will offer different opinions. Some people say that 8. Nowadays, play(s) an important role in / is popular around us. Likeeverything else, has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.9. Many ways can contribute to solving this ser

5、ious problem, but the following ones may be most effective.10. There are many reasons/causes for t in genbual, they come down to two/three major ones.11. There are many factors that may account for , but the following are themost typical ones.2 用于举例的词语： for example, such as, for instance, to illustr

6、ate, a case in point,take for example, etc.3. 用于比较和对比的词语： similarly, in the same way, equally importa nt, in/by con trast, on the con trary, on the other hand, un like, however, yet, etc.4. 用于表示因果关系或分析原因的词语： due to, owi ng to, as a result, therefore, so, thus,consequently, among reasons, one should

7、be emphasized thattc. ,e5. 用于表示层次递进的词语： first/firstly (second/secondly, etc.), to begin with ,moreover, fin ally, first of all, since the n, after that, further, etc.6. 用于表示让步的词语： although, in spite of, despite, etc.7. 用于表示结论的词语： in conclusion, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word, insummary,

8、 the conclusion is that ，in brief, etc.常用于结尾的句型：1. From what has bee n discussed above, we may safely draw the con clusi on that 2. Taking into acco unt all these factors, we may safely come to the con clusi on that3. Judging from all evidenee offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusiontha

9、t 4. All the evide nee supports a sound con clusi on that 5. All the an alysis justifies an un shakable con clusi on that 6. From what is men ti oned above, we may come to the con clusi on that 7. As far as I am concerned, I agree with /I am really in favor of /I am of theopinion that /I hold that /

10、I cli ng to the opinion that 8. There is some truth in both arguments, but I think the disadvantages of outweigits adva ntages.9. In my opi nion,/in my view,/as for me, I 10. As far as is concerned, I prefer to 11. It s high time that we tried every possible means to put an end to /we toomeasures to

11、 solve the problem of 12. There siill a long way to go towards solving the problem. We hope thatefforts should be made to 13. Many soluti ons are being offered here. All of them make some sen se, but noneis very satisfactory/adequate eno ugh. The problem should be approached in a new way/a wider con

12、 text.14. There is no easy solution to the problem of ,but might be useful/helpful.15. There is no denying that immediate/c on siderable/special/further atte nti on mustbe paid to the problem of 16. There is little doubt that serious atte nti on must be called to the shortage of17. It is n ecessary

13、that effective/proper/quick action s/steps/measures be take n to.18. It s suggested that great efforts be made to 19. It apparent/clear/obvious that the task of requires immediate/greatatte ntio n/efforts/c on siderati on.20. To check/control the tendency/trend is no easy task, and it requires agood

14、/deep aware ness/un dersta nding of 3. 段落的展开方法：1. 列举法2.举例法3.定义法4.比较和对比法5.因果法6.分类法7.叙述法&综合法4.词汇的变化1)用不同的词汇表达相同的意义，避免单调，枯燥的重复。如:好学生： top/gifted/superior/excellent/outstanding students损害：have a negative effect on; do great injury to; cause great damage to妨碍：stand in the way of.; be an obstacle/barrier

15、to.对 很重要： be indispensable/important/vital to学习知识：pursue/acquire/lear n kno wledge/skill许多：a large portion of; many a; enormous; large numbers of重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to.强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on.越来越： be in creas in gly +adj.; be on the rise; the grow ing nu

16、mber of.接触新思想： be exposed to new ideas; have an/some acqua intance with.接触社会： come into freque nt/close contact with the society;提出观点： adva nce/put forward/come up with ideas作出努力： make treme ndous/persiste nt effort to do sth.; take great pains to do sth.影响学习：in terfere with studies; have an in terf

17、ere nce with studies产生影响： have/exert a profound in flue nce on ;have a dramatic/ un desirable effect on.取代：substitute for sth.; take the place of sth.; replace sth.采取措施：take effective steps/measures to满足要求： meet/satisfy/accommodate the dema nd of补偿损失： compe nsate for the loss; make up for the damage

18、解释现象： acco unt for the phe nomenon; expla in these phe nomena培养信心： develop one s in terest in.; foster one s con fide nce in.施加压力： put/exert a pressure on.提供机会： provide/offer/fur nish an opport uni ty/cha nce for sb.抓住机会： grab/seize/take the opport uni ty/cha nce献身于： devote/dedicate/commit on eself

19、to a cause/career提高技术，能力: sharpen/improve/enhance/boost one s skill/ability加快，促进发展: accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of 开阔眼界： broaden one s outlook; expand/enlarge one s mental horizons充满渴望： have a burning desire for.; have a great passi on for.2) 使用同一个词的不同词性，在句中作不同的成分，带来新

20、颖性，形成变化。5. 句型的变化1) 比较级句子英语通过比较级来表达意思的句子远比汉语多 .比如：a) A young man first car is less a means of transportation than a monument to hisdiscovery of youthful freedom. (A young man s first car is not a means of transportation,but a monument to his discovery of youthful freedom.)b) Success is as much a ques

21、tion of timing as anything else. (Like anything else, success isa question of timing.)c) No issue is as basic to in dividual and n ati onal survival as food. (Food is the most basicissue to in dividual and n ati onal survival.)2) 同位语句子同位语有两种功能：归纳和解释例如：a) Another ingredient of courtesy is empathy, a

22、quality that enables a person to see into the mind or heart of some one else.b) But whatever sad episodes exist in our past, we must hold a positive view of our history,a history that has been the story of hopes fulfilled and dreams made into reality .3) 平行排比句恰当地使用句子的平行排比，能使文章显得更生动，更有力.e.g. Our stre

23、 ngth makes him strong; our determ in atio n makes him determ in ed; our courage makes him a hero.4) 后置修饰句运用后置修饰语可以使文章的表达更简洁 .e.g. There is an almost infinite variety of magazines available to satisfy the rich variety ofin terests and tastes.5) 插入语在正常的句子中插入某些成分，也会给句子带来变化.e.g. At the end of the ninet

24、eenth and the beginning of this century, a man had to be aggressive and ambitious- today he has to social and tolerant- -in order to be attractive package .6) 被动句在主动句占绝大多数的情况下，被动句能带来一些变化.e.g. However, very little con trol can be exercised over the media used to gen erate in formati on that comes to

25、you from the outside.7) 倒装句倒装句不仅带来句型的丰富，而且在句子的连贯上，平衡上也有一定的作用.e.g. From that scie nce will come the realizati on that despite tech no logy, man dose not exercise dominion over n ature.8) 名词化句子正式文体中，名词化句子的运用显得语言表达更成熟 .e.g. Heavy exposure to TV will interfere with one s studies. (Watching too much TV w

26、illaffect your studies.)9) 运用破折号运用破折号不仅对句子变化有帮助，而且有强调的作用.6. 作文中常见错误1. 时态方面的错误写议论文一般用现在时态。只有举例，提到过去的事才会用到过去时。2. 主谓，人称等违反一致性方面的错误写一个句子，乃至一篇文章里人称始终要保持一致，不能一会儿用第三人称，一会儿又 用第一人称。3. 修饰语的位置错误a) Without television, people cant get information which comes from other parts of the world immediately.Immediately既

27、可以修饰 comes： “得到迅速从各方面传来的消息” ，也可以修饰get： “迅速得到从各方面传来的消息”，意思含糊不清，所以要把它放到 cant的后面。b) To participate in class discussion , a lot of books have to be read.不定式短语的逻辑主语决不是 0 lot of books，为了把逻辑关系表达清楚，要么把不定式短语改成 If one wants to participate in class discussion,要么把主句改成 you have to read a lot of books。4. 语法结构平行方面

28、的错误a) With the computer, one can do shopping, banking, and read at home.用语法平行结构原则来衡量。前面用 ing形式，最后一个用动词原形 read是不妥的， 为了和do shopping, do banking保持结构上平行，接下来的一个内容要用 readi ng。b) Participating in class discussion is not only good for the pursuit of knowledge, and through it we can also develop our analytic

29、al skills .同样，在说同样的事时， 相邻的句子在语法结构上尽可能要保持一致。后半句宜改为：It is also ben eficial to the developme nt of our an alytical skills 。5. 代词用法方面的错误a) Sometimes teachers will inform stude nts of the difficulty they will meet with in studies.They既可以指代teachers,也可以代students，明显的是指代不清。 其实只要把其中的一个名词变成单数， 用he和they分别代不同的名词

30、就清楚了。 女口： Sometimesa teacher will inform stude nts of the difficulty they will meet with in studies.b) People have bee n fighti ng aga inst the in flue nee of TV commercials, but it ofte n proves useless.It指什么？指 in flue nee，在ofte n proves useless句子中显然不通。作者知道 it指人们的努力， 但effort这个词前面没有出现过， 就不能用it,所以要把i

31、t改成the effort。6. 可数名词与不可数名词方面的错误information, evidenee, advice, knowledge 等是不可数名词，不能用复数。 many, a great number of, another, few 等只能与可数名词配用。而 a great amount of, a great deal of, less,much等须与不可数名词配用。7. 冠词方面的错误a) Book kno wledge is importa nt, but we should also lear n someth ing in the society.b) When I was in the high school, I always had a beautiful picture of the college life.在没有特指意义时，不能用表示特指的定冠词 The。这几句中的the都应去掉。c) There is a lot of discussion in the class.表示