人教版八年级英语下册unit8单元知识点归纳总结.docx

1、人教版八年级英语下册unit8单元知识点归纳总结Unit 8 知识点总结 Section A1. Have you read Little Woman yet? 你读过小妇人这本书吗？【解析】现在完成时现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式：主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和副词already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等连用。. I

2、have finished my homework. I am free(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。 I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)already/ yet的区别：a）already

3、 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。My teachers havent had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。Have you written to your parents yet? 【成都】45. Jack, lets go to see the movie Harry Potter. Oh, I _ it many times. So I dont want to see it. A. have seen B. see C. will see【广】3

4、3. Why dont you go to the movie with me, Betty? Because I _ it before. A. saw B. have seen C. see2.Whats it like? 它怎么样？【解析】某物怎么样？ Whats +物+like? How+be + 物？ 某人怎么样？Whats +人+like? 用来提问人的性格 What do / does +人 + look like?用来提问人的外表。【黑龙江齐齐哈尔】 What does Anna look like? _. A. Shes kind B. Shes tall C. She li

5、kes skating3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures. 雾都孤儿 讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛的故事。【解析】full of 充满 be full of = be filled with 充满【山东莱芜】If you read a lot, your life will be full _ pleasure. A. by B. of C .for D. with4. Its about four sisters growing up

6、. 它讲述的是四个姐妹的成长故事。【解析】grow up 长大；成长 I grew up in Beijing.grow into 长大成为 Mary grew into a beautiful girl.5. You should hurry up . 你得快点。【解析】hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事） (用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）inahurry匆忙地 hurry to do sth 匆忙去做 hurry off 匆忙离开 Im in a hurry. 我很赶。6. The book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后就要到期了。【解析1】du

7、e adj. 预期；预定 , 通常只用作表语。 be due to do sth 预期做某事 You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon.【解析2】in two weeks “两周之后”，in意为“在.以后”， “in+一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在.（时间）后”。 He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。【注意】：after 常用在一般过去式的句子中。 He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是两个下时候到北京的。7. When I fir

8、st arrived on this island , I had nothing. 当我第一次到这个岛上的时候，我一无所有。【解析】nothing 没有什么；没有东西 用法：（1）不定代词，意为“什么也没有，没有东西”。相当于notanything. There is nothing in the fridge. She has nothing to do . (2) 当有修饰词来修饰nothing等不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面。 修饰词可以是形容词、动词不定式等。 I want something to drink. I have nothing special to tell you.

9、 （3）在英语中，不定代词有： something anything everything everyone everybody someone anyone somebody anybody no one nothing nobody Would you like _ (吃的东西)？【北京4】-Tom, supper is ready. -I dont want to eat_ ,Mum. Im not feeling well. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything【莱芜3】A smile costs _, but gives

10、so much. A. something B. anything C. nothing D .everything8. Ive brought back many things I can use food and drink ,tools , knives and guns. 我带回许多我能用的东西 食物、饮料、工具、刀和枪、【解析】bring 带来 【辨析】fetch/ bring/ take (1)fetch v 去拿来=get 去（某地） 拿来（讲话者处） (2)bring (brought, brought) v 带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）bring up 养育，养大 brin

11、g sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物 (3) take v 带来 从（讲话者）拿走 take took taken【短语】 take care 小心 take charge of 负责，看管 take hold of 握住 take off 脱下 take out 取出take a look 看一看 take away 拿走 take exercise 做运动take it easy 不紧张 take ones time 从容不迫( ) Oh ,Ive left my schoolbag in the classroom. Dont worry. Ill _i

12、t for you.A. bring B. get C. carry D. take( ) The teacher told the students _ any food into the classroom . A. not to bring B. not bring C. dont bring D. to bring not( ) Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. A. bring B. to bring C. bringing【湖北荆州】 Sam, my iPhone is in my bed

13、room. Could you _ it for me? No problem. A. bring B. fetch C. take D. carry【浙江】Ive left my keys in the meeting room. Please _them for me. All right. A. buy B. paint C. wash D. fetch【黑龙江】Im sorry, Mr Li. I _ my English homework at home. Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow. A. left, to bring B. forgot

14、, to take C. lost, to bring9.Who else is on my island?是谁在我的岛上？【解析】else 其他的；别的【辨析】other /else (1)other adj.“别的；其他的” 修饰n. 放名词前作定语。On the other hand “另一方面”(2) else adj.“别的；其他的” 放疑问词或不定代词之后。. What _ do you want to say? . What _ thing do you want? A. other B. others C. else D. till . There is _in his hom

15、e.A. other nothing B. nothing other C. else nothing D. nothing else 【娄底2】9. What did you do last night? I _TV and read books. A. watch B. watched C. have watched10. I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. 我看见一些食人族正试图杀死来自一艘破船上的两个人。【解析】see sb. Doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth

16、 看见某人做了某事【黔东南州】When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl _ in it. A. sing B. losing C. sang D. singing 11. How long have they been here? 他们来这里多久了。【解析】have been (in) 待在某地have/has gone to“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？He has gone to England他去英国了。（尚未回来）have/has been to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了， 后可接次数，如o

17、nce，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”， 也可和 just，never，ever等连用。My father has been to Beijing twice我父亲去过北京两次。have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了【江苏常州1】Why are you worried? Im expecting a call from my daughter. She_ New for three days. A. has gone to B. has

18、been to C. has been in D. has come in【湖北孝感1】 Id like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia. Im sorry, but neither Jack nor I _ there. A. have been B. had been C. have gone D. has gone【天津2】 Is Tom at home? No, he _ to town. A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. will go12. One of them died but the

19、other ran towards my house. 他们中的一个人死了，另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。【解析1】the other 另一个词条含义用法other泛指其他的人、物作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式the other指两个人或物中的一个通常用于固定短语one. The other .中others泛指另外几个，其余的是other的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾语the others 其他东西；其余的人们特指某一范围的“其他的人或物”another其他的；再一个；另一个只能用于三个或更多的人或物【孝感3】22. My family has two dogs. One is whit

20、e, _ is black. A. other B. another C. the other D. others来源:学科网【解析2】towards prep. 朝； 向；对着（移向某处，只表方向） go/ walk towards . “ 走向.” drive towards . “ 向.开去” She was walking towards the town when I met her.【湖北黄冈】In a basketball match, players move _(朝向） one end of the court while throwing the ball to each

21、other.【辨析】 towards / to towards 表示“向着某个方向”，没有“到达”之意to一般接在come, go, move 等动词之后，表示“向、往”，有 “到达”之意。13. I named his Friday because that was the day I met him. 我给他起名叫“星期五”、 因为我是在（星期五）那天遇到了他。【解析】name v 命名 n. 名字；名称adj. 位于所修饰的名词之后, “名为.的” = named【2011甘肃】The student _(name) Wang Lin is my example in English l

22、earning.14. Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点东西吗？【解析】Would you like? 一、would like“想要、愿意”，=want意思接近，比want语气委婉、客气。后接名词、代词宾格或动词不定式。 其中would是情态动词，常可缩写为dLucy would like some eggs.露茜想要一些鸡蛋。Wed like to watch TV after school.放学之后，我们想要看电视。二、would like的固定句型 1. Would you like some ?你想要一些吗？ 该句型常用于征求对方的意见。

23、肯定回答常用“Yes, please.”，否定回答常用“No, thanks.”需要特别注意的是，在该句型中要用some，而不用any，以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。Would you like some apples?你想要一些苹果吗？Yes, please. 是的，我想要。No, thanks. 不，谢谢。2. Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意去做吗？ 该句型表示向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请，其中like可用love替换。Would you like/ love to play football with me?你想要和我一起踢足球吗？Yes, Id lik

24、e / love to. 是的，我非常愿意。Id like/ love to. But Im too busy.我非常愿意，但我太忙了。3. Would like to do sth. 想要做某事； Would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事。He would like to go out for a walk.他想要出去散步。Our parents would like us to study well.我们的父母想要我们好好学习。【黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】.Would you like some dumplings for lunch? _ . A. Yes, plea

25、se B. Sure, Id love to C. No, thanks【广东湛江3】. Would you like some noodles? _. I am not hungry now. A. You are welcome B. Yes, please C. No, thanks D. Here you are【福建泉州1】 Would you like me to help you with the housework ? _. But I can manage it myself. A. Thats very kind of you B. The same to you C. T

26、ake it easy14. Every time she is in the library , Sally looks at the many books she hasnt read (not read ) yet and she cant wait to read them! 每次在图书馆，当萨利 看到那些她没读过的书的时候，她总是迫不及待地想要去读它们。【解析】cant wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事 wait v 等，等候，等待 waiter n 侍者wait for 等候 （后接名词、代词）Please wait for me at the gate.Wait a

27、 moment! 等一等。 be kept waiting 一直等着。 keep sb. waiting make sb. wait 叫人等着。wait to do sth 等着做某事( )How nice the ice cream looks ! I _ taste it. A. at the moment B. cant wait to C. wait a moment D. wait my chance15. What do you think of them?你觉得它们怎么样？【解析】What do you think of? 你认为怎么样？【江苏3】 What do you thi

28、nk of the documentary A Bite of China _. It has attracted lots of TV audiences. A. Enjoy yourself B. Many thanks C. Pretty good D. Its hard to say 【拓展】 think of / think about / think over辨析： （1）think of, 固定短语，表示“提到（某人、某物、某事或某主意等），考虑，思考，对.有某种看法”， 后接名词，代词、动词-ing形式。 - What do you think of your Chinese

29、teacher? - I like her very much. (2) think of 表示“思考，考虑，对.有某种看法”时，可以与think about 互换。 What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie? (3) think of 表示“相出，想着，想起”时，不可用think about 代替。 I always think of my childhood. (4) think over意为“仔细考虑，认真考虑”，强调思考的程度比think of/ about深。相当于think about. carefully. 其中over是副词，宾语若是名词，则可位于over之前或之后；当宾语是代词时，则必须放在over之前。 Think it over before you do it. Its very important for you. You must think it over, ( ) What do you _ this book? I dont like it. A. think of B. think over C. think forSection B1.When Sarah was a tee