1、lovingandhatingnewyork课后练习答案loving-and-hating-new-york课后练习答案Loving and Hating New York 练习题答案/answer. 1. Olmsted : Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. ( 1870 - 1975 ), American landscape architect. A Harvard graduate (1894),he studied under his father, Fredcrick Law Olmsted, and began practice as landscape arc
2、hitect in 1895. He was landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park System of Boston, 1898-1920; Baltimore Park and Park Commission, 1902-1917; member of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission in 1929, and again from 1945. He acted in consulting capacity for and designed portions of the
3、parks or other public improvements of many towns and cities and numerous instiutions, land subdivisions, and private properties. Among his designs in Washington D.C. were those for Rock Creek and Ana-costia Parks, the Mall, and the White House grounds. He wrote numerous articles and reports on profe
4、ssional subjects.2. Bach. John Sebastian Bach (1685-1750),German composer and organist, one of the greatest and most influential composers of the Western World. He brought poly- phonic baroque music to its culmination, creating masterful and vigorous works in almost every musical form known in his p
5、eriod. Born into a gifted family, Bach was devoted to music from childhood; he was taught by his father and later by his brother Johann cristoph. His education was acquired largely through independent studies.Since few of Bachs many works were published in his lifetime, exact dates cannot be fixed f
6、or all of them, but most can be placed with some certainty in the periods of his life. At Arnstadt and Miihlhausen he began a series of organ compositions that culminated in the great works of the Weimar period; the Passacaglia and Fugue in C Mi-nor. At Cothen he concentrated on instrumental composi
7、tions, especially keyboard works: the Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue; the English Suites; and Book I of the celebrated 7he Well-Tempered-Clavier. He also wrote several un- accompainied violin Sonatas and cellosuites, and the Brandenburg Concertos, recognised as the best concertigrossiever composed. As
8、musical director of St Thomas atLeipzig, he composed many of his superb religious compositions, the Christmas Oratorio, the St. lat hew Passion, etc. The principal keyboard works of this period were Book of The Well-Tempered Clavier and the four books of clavier pieces in the Clavier Cibung, which i
9、ncludes: six partitas (1726-1731) the Italian Concerto and the Partita in B minor (1735) and the Goldberg Variations. The bulk of his work is religious. In addition, he composed an astonising number of instrumental works, many of them designed for the instruction of his numerous pupils. In his instr
10、umental and choral works he perfected the art of polyphony, displaying an unmatched combination of inventiveness and control in his great, striding fugues. During his lifetime, Bach was better known as an organist than as a composer. For decades after his death his works were neglected, but in the 1
11、9th century his genius came to be recognized, particularly by romantic composers such as Mendelssohn and Schumann. Since that time his reputation has grown steadily.1. N0, his hometown is Seattle, a seaport in west central Washington State on Puget Sound. See paragragh 4.2. These signs show that New
12、 York is no longer the leading city in the United States.3. New York no longer begets the styles and sets the trends.It is no longer a paeesetter.4. Other cities have buildings more inspired architecturally. The center of music and sports have also shifted to other cities. As a tourist attraction it
13、 is inferior to New Orlcans, San Francisco, Washington or Disneyland. Finally, there are many beter cities to live in than New York.becomes a matter of alternating moods, often in the same day. 2. Griffith develops his main thesis by both objective and emotional description of New York and the life
14、and struggle of New Yorkers. It is very effective. (See the answer to 4.)3. This article is full of American English terms, phrases and constructions. Such as T-shirt, hassle, plush, holdout, comeback, putdown, measure up, expense-account, etc.4. The writer states that he both loves and hates New Yo
15、rk, but the reader fails to see where or why he hates New York. It is clear that Griffith loves New York and feels exhilarated living there. He may sometimes feel exasperated but this feeling is never strong enough to turn to hate. The writer shows his love for New York with the words such as energy
16、, contention striving, etc.5. The first five paragraphs act as a general introduction, set- ting forth the present status of New York city in the Unit- ed States and in the eyes of foreigners. The last sentence of paragraph 5 also acts as a transition to the actual de- scriptions of New York city it
17、self: the charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism of the last line of paragraph 5 leads to the energy, contention, and striving in the first line of paragraph 6.6. The topic sentence of paragraph 8 is the first sentence. Nature s pleasures are much qualified in New York. The writer uses man
18、y examples to develop this paragraph and to back up the statement made in the topic sentence.7. In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things is appreciated and paid for, and skill and learning by themselves are not considered valuable. 8. Free. Students choice.1. Nowadays New Yo
19、rk cannot understand nor follow the taste of the American people.2. New York boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles, fashion)of America.3. Situation comedies made in Hollywood and the actual performance of Johnny Carson now replace the scheduled radio and TV programs for
20、 California.4. New York is regaining somewhat its status as a city that attracts tourists.5. A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety (because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition).6. The chance to enjoy the pleasures of nature is very lim
21、ited.7. At night the city of New York is aglow with lights and seems proudly and haughtily to darken the night sky.8. But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohemian life style can be exaggerated.9. In both these roles of banking and communications head- quarters, New York starts or originates ve
22、ry few things but gives its stamp of approval to many things created by people in other parts of the country.10. The television generation was constantly and strongly influenced by extravagant promotional advertising.11. Authors writing long serious novels earn their living in the meantime by also w
23、riting articles for popular magazines.12. Broadway, which seemed unable to resist the cheap, gaudy shows put on in the surrounding areas, is once again busy and active.13. (If you tell a New Yorker about the vigor of outdoor pleasures, he will reply that) he prefers the unhealthy turmoil and animate
24、d life of a city.14. Those who failed in the struggle of life, the down-and-outs, are not hidden away in slums or ghettoes where other people cant see them.15. New York constantly irritates and annoys very much but at times it also invigorates and stimulates. See the translation of the text.1. holdo
25、ut: (Americanism) a place that holds out; hold out= continue resistance; stand firm; not yield2. live: transmitted during the actual performance3. charged : tense ; intense4. put-down: (American slang) a belittling remark or crushing retort5. foothold: a secure position from which it is difficult to
26、 be dislodged6. measure up: (Americanism) prove to be competent or qualified7. jingle: a verse that jingles; jingling arrangement of words or syllables8. expense-account. (Americanism) an arrangement whereby certain expenses of an employee in connection with his work are paid for by his employer9. i
27、llustration= a picture, design, diagram, etc. used to decorate or explain something10. commercial: (radio and TV) a paid advertisement11. distancing: be reserved or cool toward; treat aloofly12. democratic: treating persons of all classes in the same way; not snobbish13, jealous : very watchful or c
28、areful in guarding or keeping14. high-rise: (Americanism) designating or of a tall apartment house, office buil ding, etc., of many stories /(noun) a high-rise building15. mean: poor in appearance; shabby.1. skyline: noun+ noun=noun Examples: bookcase; teacup; skyrocket; sealskin; sea port ; pigsty2
29、. pacesetter : noun + verb + er = noun Examples : shareholder ; leaseholder ; pathfinder ; painstaker ;watchmaker3. trash-strewn : noun + past participle = adjective Examples: homespun; bloodstained; landlocked; henpecked ; homemade4. international: a combining form+ adjective=adjective Examples: in
30、ter American; interchangeable; interdepartmental ; interplanetary ; intersectional5. anti-septically : prefix 4-adverb = adverb Examples : preemptively; preeminently; predominantly; prefiguratively ; prehistorically6. juxtaposition: a combining form+ noun=noun Examples: photochemistry; photocopy; ph
31、onograph; telephone ; television7. NBC: composed of initials N+B+C from National Broadcasting Company Examples: BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation; NCO - noncommissioned officer; UN - United Nations; MIA - missing in action; PFLI - Peking Foreign Languages Institute8. Wasp: an acronym from white
32、 Anglo-Saxon protestant Examples: Awacs - airborne warning and control system (a sophisticated surveillance plane); UFO - unidentified flying object; Nato - North Atlantic Treaty Organization; Asean - Association of South-east Asian Nations; Anzac - (a soldier in the) Australian and New Zealand Army Corps9ad:a shortening of “advertisement” Examples:auto(automobile);kilo(kilogram);exam(examination);ge
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