英语常用生活词汇大归类.docx

1、英语常用生活词汇大归类常用生活英语词汇1. 农业：land,soil土壤arable land, tilled land耕地dry soil旱田fertile soil沃土,肥沃的土壤humus腐殖质irrigable land水浇地lean soil, poor soil贫瘠土壤wasteland, barren land荒地grass草grassland草地meadow草甸prairie大草原pasture land牧场to lie fallow休闲fallow休闲地stubble, stubble field亩茬地straw, hay稿杆rural population农村人口rural

2、 exodus农村迁徙land reform, agrarian reform土地改革mechanization of farming农业机械化mechanized farming机械化耕作farm农场cattle farm奶牛场ranch大农场,牧场hacienda庄园holding田产plot, parcel, lot地块cooperative farm合作农场collective farm集体农场country, countryside农村countryman农民,农夫countrywoman农民,农妇agronomist农学家latifundium, large landed esta

3、te大农场主farmer农户producer农业工人settle佃户如需转载，请注明来自FanE翻译中国http;/www.FanE.cnlandowner地主,土地拥有者absentee landlord外居地主smallholder, small farmer小农rancher牧场主tenant farmer, leaseholder土地租用人sharecropper佃农ploughman农夫,犁田者farm labourers农场工人,农业工人 (美作:farm laborers)farm hand农场短工cattle farmer牧场工人cowherd, cowboy牛仔shepher

4、d牧人fruit grower果农vinegrower葡萄栽植者vintager采葡萄者farming, husbandry农业animal husbandry, animal breeding畜牧业dairy farming乳品业,乳牛业horticulture园艺market gardening商品蔬菜种植业fruit growing果树栽培vinegrowing, viticulture葡萄栽培olive growing油橄榄栽培arboriculture树艺学silviculture造林学agricultural products, farm products农产品foodstuffs

5、食品dairy produce, dairy products乳制品dairy industry乳品加工业crop year, farming year农事年season季节agricultural, commodities market农业市场livestock牲畜farmhouse农舍pasture牧场overalls稻草人haystacks大干草垛silo筒仓granary谷仓outbuildings附属建筑barn, shed棚granary, grain store粮仓chicken house鸡场windmill磨坊implement shed农具房grain silo谷粮仓hay

6、loft干草棚stable畜栏litter褥草cowshed牛棚corral围栏dairy barn挤奶厂pigpen猪圈 (美作:hog pen)sheep pen, fold羊圈如需转载，请注明来自FanE翻译中国http;/www.FanE.cnrabbit hutch兔窝hen house, henroost鸡舍incubator, brooder孵卵室laying house产蛋室watering trough, drinking trough饮水器piglet猪仔boar公猪feeding trough, feed trough喂食器feeding rack, manger, cr

7、ib饲槽greenhouse, glasshouse温室nursery苗圃seedbed苗床threshing floor打谷场manure heap, dung heap麦堆field田地corn field麦地furrow沟,渠ridge垅clod土块terrace梯田haystack, hayrick草垛shock禾捆堆sheaf禾捆plantation栽植cabbage patch圆白菜地tomato patch土豆地vineyard葡萄园kitchen garden菜园market garden商品菜园orchard果园farmhouse农舍pasture牧场overalls稻草人h

8、aystacks大干草垛silo筒仓granary谷仓outbuildings附属建筑barn, shed棚granary, grain store粮仓chicken house鸡场windmill磨坊implement shed农具房grain silo谷粮仓hayloft干草棚stable畜栏litter褥草cowshed牛棚corral围栏dairy barn挤奶厂pigpen猪圈 (美作:hog pen)sheep pen, fold羊圈rabbit hutch兔窝hen house, henroost鸡舍incubator, brooder孵卵室laying house产蛋室wate

9、ring trough, drinking trough饮水器piglet猪仔boar公猪feeding trough, feed trough喂食器feeding rack, manger, crib饲槽greenhouse, glasshouse温室nursery苗圃seedbed苗床threshing floor打谷场manure heap, dung heap麦堆field田地corn field麦地furrow沟,渠如需转载，请注明来自FanE翻译中国http;/www.FanE.cnridge垅clod土块terrace梯田haystack, hayrick草垛shock禾捆堆sh

10、eaf禾捆plantation栽植cabbage patch圆白菜地tomato patch土豆地vineyard葡萄园kitchen garden菜园market garden商品菜园orchard果园shovel铁锹spade铲hoe锄weeding hoe除草锄mechanical hoe动力锄rake搂草机fork叉子hayfork, pitchfork干草叉scythe大钐刀sickle镰刀flail连枷billhook, brushhook钩镰(field)roller滚压器plough犁 (美作low)ridging plough, ridger起垄犁weeding machin

11、e除草机weeder, weeding hook除草锄weeding fork除草叉disc harrow圆盘耙clod crusher碎土块机tractor拖拉机sprinkler喷水器,人工降雨器manure spreader撒肥机fertilizer distributor化肥撒肥机rotovator中耕机 (美作:cultivator)planter种植机disk harrow圆盘耙cotton picker摘棉机potato harvester马铃薯收割机seeder, broadcaster播种机seed drill, drilling machine条播机mower割草机(pow

12、er)mower动力割草机harvester, reaper收割机combine (harvester)联合收割机binder捆束机bale loader装草机harvesting machinery收割机械threshing machine, thresher脱粒机winnower, winnowing machine风选机sheafer束禾机grader, sorter分类机,分级机sieve细筛winepress葡萄榨汁机milking machine挤奶机churn搅乳器cereals, grain谷物coarse grain谷粒rye黑麦barley大麦oats燕麦millet粟,黍

13、sorghum高粱bran麸,糠flour, meal粗磨谷粉wheat小麦maize玉米 (美作:corn)maize cob玉米棒子 (美作:corn cob)rice稻buckwheat荞麦tea茶coffee咖啡cocoa可可树coca古柯tobacco烟草hop蛇麻,啤酒花tuber crops块茎作物sugar beet糖用甜菜potato马铃薯sweet potato甘薯vegetables蔬菜carrot胡萝卜cassava, manioc木薯turnip芜菁yam山药,薯蓣pulses, leguminous plants豆类植物bean菜豆pea豌豆chick-pea鹰嘴豆

14、lentil小扁豆soya bean大豆 (美作:soybean)forage plants饲料食物fodder grain饲用谷物clover三叶草lucern, lucerne苜蓿 (美作:alfalfa)textile plants纤维植物cotton棉,草棉flax亚麻hemp大麻American agave龙舌兰sisal剑麻,西沙尔麻kapok tree木棉树jute黄麻Manila hemp马尼拉麻raffia酒椰yucca丝兰oil plants油料植物sunflower向日葵groundnut, peanut落花生olive油橄榄olive tree油橄榄树sesame芝麻c

15、astor oil plant蓖麻rape seed油菜籽rubber tree橡胶树resin plant树脂植物mangrove红树fruits水果fruit tree果树grapevine葡萄藤grape葡萄turkey火鸡chicken鸡piglet猪仔sow母猪boar公猪sheep绵羊ram公羊ewe母羊lamb羊羔mutton羊肉colt雄马驹filly雌马驹horse马cow奶牛bull公牛calf水牛tomato番茄,西红柿asparagus芦笋cucumber黄瓜aubergine, eggplant茄子bean菜豆beet, beetroot甜菜pepper胡椒pimie

16、nto甜椒potato马铃薯carrot胡萝卜cauliflower菜花,花椰菜pumpkin西葫芦broad bean蚕豆cabbage圆白菜,卷心菜chilli辣椒garlic蒜chive葱fennel茴香cos lettuce莴苣marrow嫩葫芦melon香瓜,甜瓜mushroom, celery芹菜onion韭leek韭菜radish萝卜tarragon狭叶青蒿thyme百里香mushroom蘑菇artichoke洋蓟broccoli, brocoli硬花甘蓝Brussels sprouts芽甘蓝caper刺山柑,老鼠瓜cardoon刺菜蓟chervil雪维菜,细叶芹chick-pe

17、a鹰嘴豆chicory苣荬菜cress水田芥cumin, cummin孜然芹,枯茗dandelion蒲公英French bean法国菜豆gherkin嫩黄瓜horseradish辣根Jerusalem artichoke洋姜,鬼子姜kale无头甘蓝kohlrabi甘蓝laurel月桂lentil兵豆lettuce莴苣lupin羽扇豆 (美作:lupine)parsley欧芹parsnip欧防风pea豌豆rhubarb大黄salsify婆罗门参sorrel掌叶大黄truffle块菌turnip芜菁watercress豆瓣菜2艺术：work作品work of art艺术作品masterpiece杰

18、作plastic arts造型艺术graphic arts形象艺术Fine Arts美术art gallery画廊,美术馆salon沙龙exhibition展览collection收藏author作者style风格inspiration灵感,启发muse灵感purism修辞癖conceptism格言派,警名派Byzantine拜占庭式Romanesaue罗马式Gothic哥特式Baroque巴洛克式Rococo洛可可式classicism古典主义,古典风格neoclassicism新古典主义romanticism浪漫主义realism现实主义symbolism象征主义impressionism

19、印象主义Art Nouveau新艺术主义expressionism表现主义如需转载，请注明来自FanE翻译中国http;/www.FanE.cnFauvism野兽派abstract art抽象派, 抽象主义Cubism立体派, 立体主义Dadaism达达主义surrealism超现实主义naturalism自然主义existentialism存在主义futurism未来主义classical literature古典文学contemporary literature现代文学popular literature大众文学light literature通俗文学folklore民间文学saga (r

20、iver) novel长篇小说short novel, long short story中篇小说short story短篇小说love story爱情小说deterctive story侦破小说mystery story怪诞小说whodunit推理小说humorous story幽默小说historical novel历史小说essay随笔book of travels游记reportage报告文学criticism评论best seller畅销书anthology选集the complete works(of)全集edition, printing版masterpiece杰作copyrigh

21、t版权, 著作权deluxe binding精装flat stitching平装smyth sewed线装humanities人文学科writer作家book书volume卷theatre戏剧 (美作:theater)drama话剧comedy喜剧tragedy悲剧farce滑稽剧play剧本the three unities三一律(一个情节,一个地点,一个时间)playwright编剧act幕scene场plot情节intrigue错综复杂的剧情story故事episode逸事ending, denouement结局poetry诗歌poet诗人poem诗epic poetry史诗epopee

22、叙事诗ode颂歌sonnet十四行诗verse, stanza(诗)节line(诗)行rhyme韵脚,押韵metrics韵律学,格律学prose散文novel小说biography自传allegory寓言science fiction科幻,科学幻想小说satire讽刺诗essay杂文composition学术著作rhetoric修辞学oratory讲演术declamation朗诵技巧improvisation即席讲演criticism批判主义critic批评家wit才智,创作才能eloquence文才lyricism抒情性artist大师, 艺术家brush drawing毛笔画Chinese

23、 painting国画charcoal pencil炭笔pigment颜料painter画家cave painting, rupestrian painting石洞壁画oil painting油画painting in fresco壁画tempera painting胶画gouache树胶水彩画watercolour水彩画 (美作:watercolor)pastel drawing蜡笔画wash水墨画sanguine红铅笔画miniature细密画engraving版画painting, drawing画drawing from nature写生画mechanical drawing机械画tr

24、acing临摹chiaroscuro单色画design描绘sketch草稿study习作triptych, triptich三联画portrait画像self-portrait自画像model模特caricature漫画nude裸体画profile轮廓foreshortened figure透视画法landscape风景画seascape海景画still life静物画tapestry壁毯perspective透视画colouring色彩 (美作:coloring)shade阴影cubism立体主义,主体派abstract抽象派figurative造型的brush画笔stroke一笔finis

25、hing touch最后一笔easel画架,调色板palette画板palette knife调色刀spatula绘画抹刀,刮铲picture, painting图画frame画框chassis画布绷架canvas画布studio画室pinacotheca画廊,美术馆architect建设师plan设计图town planning城市规划 (美作:city planning)Doric多利安式Ionic爱奥尼亚式Corinthian科林斯式Composite混合式Tuscan order托斯卡纳式Gothic哥特式flamboyant Gothic哥特式的火焰状饰Romanesque罗马式ba

26、rroque巴洛克式plateresque带复杂花叶形装饰的rococo洛可可式building建筑物arch拱vault穹顶ogive葱形饰;尖形拱顶facade侧面frontispiece三角墙,山墙column柱pilaster壁柱,半露柱pediment山墙饰,山花fronton山墙3航天科技：launch a satellite发射卫星launch pad发射台multistage rocket多级火箭second stage第二级third stage第三级orbit轨道artificial satellite人造卫星Telstar通信卫星antenna天线solar cell太阳

27、电池spacecraft航天器lunar module登月舱LM-maneuvering rockets登月舱机动火箭landing pad着陆架service module服务舱directional antenna定向天线nozzle of the main engine主发动机喷嘴lunar module登月舱如需转载，请注明来自FanE翻译中国http;/www.FanE.cnascent stage上升段descent stage下降段hatch舱口ladder扶梯command module指令舱service module服务舱astronaut航天员space suit航天服emergency oxygen apparatus应急供氧装置access flap接口盖life support system生命维持系统4汽车：first gear一档second gear二档