嵌入式图形界面系统 外文翻译.docx

1、嵌入式图形界面系统 外文翻译 密 级分类号编 号成 绩本科生毕业设计 (论文)外 文 翻 译原 文 标 题Research and Implementation of EmbeddedGraphic User Interface Based on Linux译 文 标 题嵌入式图形界面系统的设计与实现作者所在系别计算机科学与工程作者所在专业计算机科学与技术作者所在班级*作 者 姓 名*作 者 学 号*指导教师姓名*指导教师职称*完 成 时 间2012 年 2 月北华航天工业学院教务处制译文标题嵌入式图形界面系统的设计与实现原文标题Research and Implementation of E

2、mbedded Graphic User InterfaceBased on Linux 作 者Liu Yijun，Chen Wenbin, He Xiaoman译 名刘毅军，陈文斌，何小曼国 籍中国原文出处会议记录Research and Implementation of Embedded Graphic User Interface Based o基于Linux的嵌入式图形用户界面的研究与实现 Liu Yijtm ， Chen Wenbin, He Xiaoman 刘毅军，陈文斌，何小曼 Computer Science College ， Southwest Petroleum Uni

3、versity 西南石油大学计算机科学学院 hexiaoman_2008163 com hexiaoman_2008 Abstract-though the In-depth research on Linux system and embedded system graphical user interface(GUI), this paper designs an embedded GUI based on Linux and implements it The test analysis shows that the research results and the described

4、design ideas and methods are reasonable, feasible, have certain reference value for similar software development. 摘要：虽然在深入的研究Linux系统和嵌入式系统的图形用户界面（GUI），本文设计了一种基于Linux的嵌入式GUI，并将之实现。 测试分析表明，研究成果和描述的设计思路和方法是合理，可行的，对于类似软件的开发有一定的参考价值。 Keywords-Linux; embedded system; GUI关键词：Linux的嵌入式系统，图形用户界面 . .INTRODUCT

5、ION 引言With the development of computer technology, embedded system has become an important part of the computer field The so-called embedded system, that is a 随着计算机技术的发展，嵌入式系统已成为计算机领域的一个重要组成部分。所谓的嵌入式系统，是special computer system with application as center, computer technology as the basis ， software a

6、nd hardware can be tailored to meet the application System strict以应用为中心，以计算机技术为基础，软件和硬件可定制的，以满足应用系统的严格的专用计算机系统对功能，可靠性，成本，体积，功耗的要求。嵌入式计算机中的应用数量远远超过了各种通用计算机，制造工业，过程控制，通讯，设备，仪器仪表，汽车，船舶，航空，航空航天，军事装备，消费类产品都是嵌入式计算机的应用领域。requirements for functionality, reliability ， cost, size ， and power consumption Embed

7、ded computer far exceeds a variety of general-purpose computers in the number of the applications ， manufacturing industry, process control, communications ， equipment, instruments ， automobiles ， ships ， aviation, aerospace ， military equipment, and consumer products are all the application field o

8、f the embedded computer USER INTERFACE BASED ON EMBEDDED LINUX 基于嵌入式Linux的用户界面A. Embedded operation systA.嵌入式作业系统 Embedded system has user-oriented, product-oriented, application-oriented features Different from general purpose computers ， embedded system is a special嵌入式系统以用户为导向，以产品为导向，以应用为导向，功能不同于一

9、般通用计算机，嵌入式系统是一个特殊的针对特定应用系统，一般其对成本敏感，对其硬件和软件必须有效地设计，量身定制，去除冗余。一个很好的嵌入式系统是最小的系统来完成的预定目标。在嵌入式系统开发过程中，嵌入式软件是实现多种系统功能的关键，也是计算机技术最活跃的研究方向之一。system for specific applications ， generally is cost-sensitive ， and its hardware and software must be efficiently designed, tailored to remove redundancy A good embe

10、dded system is the minimum system to complete the target functions 在一般情况下，嵌入式系统由硬件和软件两个主要部分组成，硬件部分包括处理器/微处理器，存储器，外围设备的I/O端口，图形控制器等嵌入式系统。与一般的计算机处理系统不同，它不具有大容量硬盘作为存储介质，而用最普遍使用的EPROM，EEPROM，或闪存作为存储介质。软件部分包括操作系统软件，该软件需要实时和多任务操作，并可对应用程序编程。操作系统控制着应用程序与硬件交互，以及应用程序控制系统的操作和行为。B GUI overviB.图形用户界面概述 The opera

11、ting system controls the application programming and hardware interaction, and the application controls the system operation and behaviors The broad popularity is one of the major achievements of current computer technology ， which greatly facilitates the use of non-professional users ， and people n

12、o longer needs to cram a lot of commands but can easily operate through t广泛普及是目前的计算机技术极大地方便了非专业用户使用的主要成就之一，人们不再需要死记硬背大量的命令，但可以很容易地通过操作窗口和菜单对计算机进行操作。window and menu GUI系统通常由三个基本层次是显示模式，窗口模式和用户模式，用户模型，包含显示器的主要特点和互动，从而长期的GUI有时仅是指用户模型。图1是GUI系统的层次结构。 Desktop management system 桌面管理系统User model 用户模型Window

13、model 窗口模型Operating system 操作系统Hardware 硬件Figure 1. 图1. GUI system hierarchy structure GUI系统的层次结构The bottom is the computer hardware platform, the above of which is the computer operating system The above of the operating system is the GUI display model which 底部是上述操作系统的计算机硬件平台，上面的是计算机操作系统，是GUI显示模式，用

14、以确定屏幕上的图形显示模式。不同的图形用户界面系统使用不同的显示模式。以上显示模式is the window model of the GUI system which is to determine how to display the window on the screen how to change the size ， how to move and the level relationship是窗口GUI系统模型。这是决定如何显示在屏幕上的窗口，如何改变大小，如何移动和水平的关系between the windows It usually consists of two parts

15、 ： first is the programming tool ， and the second is the how to move output and read the description of the screen information Because X window not only requires how to display 之间的窗口，它通常由两部分组成：首先是编程工具，第二个是如何输出和阅读对屏幕上的信息的描述，因为X窗口不仅要求如何显示基本图形对象，也提供了如何显示窗口，所以它不仅可以是一个图形用户界面显示模式，而且还可以是窗口模式 。 The top of t

16、he window model is the user model which is also known as graphical user interface sense It includes two parts ： one is the user interface tool ； the other is the description of how to organize the various graphical objects窗口模型的顶部是用户模式，这也被称为图形用户界面，它包括两部分：一种是用户界面的工具，另一个是对如何在屏幕上组织各种图形对象和和on the screen,

17、and how to carry out interaction between these objects 如何开展这些对象之间的互动的描述。 EMBEDDED GUI SYSTEM DESIGN . 嵌入式GUI系统的设计A. System architecture A.系统架构 Embedded GUI system uses hierarchical design, the architecture as shown in figure 2 嵌入式GUI系统采用分层设计，其体系结构如图2所示。应用程序编程接口Core 核心I/O interface I / O接口Figure 2. 图

18、2. Embedded GUI hierarchical structure 嵌入式GUI的层次结构API is to provide the application programming interface functions for various GUI objects(such as windows, menus, etc ) API是应用程序编程接口，提供各种GUI对象（如窗口，菜单等）。 Core is to provide centric graphical operation functions ， such as message mechanism ， graphics d

19、evice interface ， fonts ， window and desktop management capabilities The particular partition of the centric graphical operation layer,核心是提供中心的图形操作功能，如消息机制，图形设备接口，字体，窗口和桌面管理功能，中心的图形操作层的核心模块的特定分区如图3所示。Core module is shown as in figure 3 图 3中心的图形操作层结构LAL and GAL is separately the hardware device input

20、 abstraction layer and the graphics output abstraction layer ， which are connected with the underlying input-output device to facilitate the GUI to connect different input and outpLAL和GAL是单独的硬件设备输入抽象层和图形输出抽象层,这是基本输入输出设备，以方便GUI连接到不同的输入和输出devices ， to achieve good portability and versatility of the GU

21、I system 设备,以达到良好的可移植性和GUI系统的多功能性。B. Core mechanism design and implementatB.核心机制的设计和实施 The core mechanism module is the most important component of the embedded GUI system, including message and event-driven mechanism ， desktop operations pre-defined stack, initialization, and timer operation severa

22、l sub-modules ， the follows will briefly introduce the functions of several sub-module核心机制模块是嵌入式GUI系统的最重要组成部分，包括消息和事件驱动机制，桌面操作预先定义的堆栈，初始化，定时器操作等几个子模块，以下将简要介绍这几个子功能模块。 C Message and event-driven mechanism sub-moduC消息和事件驱动机制的子模块 This sub-module is mainly responsible far message receiving, distribution

23、 and routing operations 该子模块主要负责消息接收，分配和路由操作。1) Message queue initialization: considering the defects of the multi-message queue GUI system in system overhead and resource consumption, and there are usually very little interaction between the graphical user interface and real-time control tasks in a

24、 embedded system, so the GUI in this paper is a single message queue architecture The GUI system will initialize the message queue when beginning running to make it in a normal work state 1）消息队列初始化：考虑到多消息队列GUI系统开销和资源消耗的系统缺陷，通常有很少的互动关系的图形用户界面和实时控制任务，因此GUI本是一个单一的消息队列架构。当运行在正常工作状态时，GUI系统将初始化消息队列 。 2) M

25、essage cycle: when the windows, controls the application created have been completely displayed on the screen, to enter the message loop waiting for input events, and the message cycle flow as shown in figure 2）消息循环：当控制应用程序窗口和控件创建已经完全显示在屏幕上，进入消息循环，等待输入事件，消息循环流如图4所示。 图 4 消息循环流程图3) Message distributio

26、n: after the messages removed from the message queue, they will be distributed to the corresponding window or control, to be responded by their 3）消息分布：从消息队列中删除消息后，他们将被分配到相应的窗口或控件，被他们消息处理函数响应。message processing function D. Desketop sub-moduD. Desktop子模块 Desktop is a very important part of the GUT sys

27、tem, which is equivalent to a bottom window ， all the main windows are covered On it, also it preserves many global桌面是非常重要的图形用户界面系统的一部分，这相当于一个底部窗口，它涵盖了所有主要的窗口，也保留了许多全球业务在GUI中，如输入消息的分布；增加影响的主要窗口的处理。此外，显示，删除，移动和其他对环境的业务，并完成相应的映射操作，通过分布的PAINT的相关消息，调用窗口模块或GUI模块的功能 。l) Window addition: when the user crea

28、ting a main window in the calling system API, in addition to setting its own character attribute value, also the related system information will be changed, for example, there is overlapping relationship between the new main window and the existing main window, which will be related to the operation

29、 of the Z order list: and the new added main window will lead to the change of the existing main window cut information 1）窗口添加：除了设定自己的属性值，当用户在调用系统API创建一个主窗口时，相关系统的信息也将被改变，例如：新的主窗口和现有的主窗口之间有重叠的关系，这将关系到Z序列表的操作：新增加的主窗口将导致现有的主要窗口削减信息的变化。operations in the GUI such as the distribution of input messages ；

30、processing the impact of the main window addition, display ， deletion, movement and other operations on the environment, and the completion of the corresponding mapping operations through the distribution of the PAINT related news, calling the window module or GDI module functions 2) Window deletion

31、: in the GUI, it is often needed to delete a main window, for example, the dialog is occurred in the form of main window, so when it will be closed it should be deleted and users may have to independently remove a main window The window module provides the function to delete the window through syste

32、m calling, and ultimately sends MEG_REMOVEMAINWIN message to the desktop 2）窗口删除：在GUI中它往往需要删除一个主窗口，例如，对话框在主窗口的形式出现，所以它将被关闭，它应该被删除，用户可能有独立删除一个主窗口。窗口模块提供的功能来删除通过系统调用的窗口，到桌面最终发送MEG_REMOVEMAINWIN的消息。 To move a main window to the top laver it needs to display the part originally covered by other windows, and then update the impact of the movement on oth