第11讲状语从句二教师版.docx

1、第11讲状语从句二教师版内容基本要求状语从句（二）重难点解析新概念二第25课1.重点单词及短语2.背诵课文状语从句（二）难点一、when, while, as, whenever1when（1）when既可以表示时间点，又可以表示时间段。表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。例：When I got home, my family were already having dinner. 我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。（时间点）When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 他们还在说笑的时候

2、，老师进来了。（时间段）He waved a hello when he saw her. 当他看见她的时候，就挥手打了个招呼。（时间点）When you think you know nothing, you begin to know something.当你认为自己一无所知的时候，就开始知道一些事情了。（时间段）注：当when 意思是正当时候（and at that moment）时，when只能跟在前一分句之后。例：He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang. 他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。They were watching the

3、World Cup when suddenly the lights went out. 他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。（2）有时候when 表示虽然，尽管的含义，相当于although 或since。例：He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管可以打的，但他还是步行。How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?既然你不宽恕别人，你自己又怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢？

4、2while（1）while 通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。例：Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper. 她在看报的时候睡着了。（2）while 有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成而。例：I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。We slept while the captain kept watch. 我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。（3）while 有时可引导让步状语从句，意思

5、是虽然。例：While they love te children, they are strict with them. 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。注：虽然during 与while 意思很相近，但是during 是介词，不能引导从句。3as（1）as 表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。as和when 两者经常可以通用。例：The thief was caught as when he was stealing in the supermarket. 小偷在超市行窃时被逮住了。I saw Jim as when he left the meeti

6、ng room. 吉姆离开会议室时候我看到了他。（2）as 表示一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。例：They talked as they walked. 他们边走边聊。He looked behind from time to time as he went. 他一边走，一边不时地往后看。（3）as 表示随着例：As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。As spring warms the earth, al flowers begin to bloom. 随着春回大地，百花开始

7、绽放。4when, while, as 的用法区别（1）只有当从句表示的是段时间，即其谓语动词有持续性特征时，这三者可以通用互换。例：I got the news on the radio when while as I was having breakfast.我在吃早饭的时候从收音机里获悉这一消息。（2）在下列情况下，三者彼此之间不能替换使用： as 更强调同一时间或紧接的一前一后或伴随着的变化。例：We listened to the singer sing as he played the guitar. 我们听着歌星边弹吉它边演唱。I thought of it just as yo

8、u opened your mouth. 你一张嘴我就知道你要说什幺As he grew older, he became less and less active. 随着他年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。注：状语从句可放在主句之前或之后，放在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开。有时可置于主句中间，前后用逗号。 when 更强调特定时间，还可表示从句中的动作先于或后于主句的动作。例：When I had given Mary the spare ticket, I found my own already gone. 当我把多余的票给了玛丽时，我才发现我自己的票已不知去向。（从句动作发生在主句之

9、前，注意主从句的时态）When I finally got there, he meeting had been on for ten minutes.当我最终赶到那里时，会议已开始十分钟了。（从句动作发生在主句之后，注意时态） while 从句只能表示延续的动作或状态或主从句中动作的对比。例：She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。 若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as 场合多于when。例：A

10、s he finished his speech, the audience burst into applause. 他结束讲话时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。5wheneverwhenever 是when 的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。例：You are always welcome whenever you come. 无论你何时来都欢迎。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。难点二、before, after1beforebefore 表示在一段

11、时间之前。例：I must finish all the work before go home. 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。You must first learn to walk before you try to run. 在想要跑以前，你得先学会走。He had learned English for three years before he went to London. 他去伦敦之前已学了三年英语。注：before 从句往往带有否定的含义。例：He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没来得及阻止他，他就跑掉了。Take it down bef

12、ore you forget it. 趁着还没忘记的时候就记录下来。重点：before 常用句型“It is/ was /will be + before.”例：It will be five years before we meet again. 五年以后我们才能再见。It will be not long before you regret what you have done. 不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。It was not long before I realized I was wrong. 不久我就意识到我错了。It was minutes before the po

13、lice arrived. 过了几分钟警察才到。2afterafter 表在一段时间之后。例：Lets play football after school is over. 放学后我们踢足球吧。The sun came out soon after the storm stopped. 暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。难点三、till / until1until/ till 用于肯定句时，表示直到为止，主句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词。例：We shall wait until/ till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。(注意它们的拼写)Everything went wel

14、l until/ till that accident happened. 直到发生那意外之前，一切都正常。2 not until/ till 表示直到才，主句通常要用短暂动词，这时until和till可以用before 代替。例：I didnt leave until/ till before she came back. 直到她回来，我才离开的。Bells dont ring till /until you strike them. 铃不打不响。People do not know the value of their health till /until before they lose

15、 it. 人们直至失去了健康才知其可贵。3当not until 位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。例：Not until she stopped crying did I leave. 直到她不哭了，我才离开的。注：until 引导的从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till 从句一般不放在句首。4在强调句型中一般只能用until，不用till。例：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her. 直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。难点四、in case, lest, for fear that这几

16、个短语都表示“万一，惟恐”，含有否定的意义。例：Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷。Take an umbrella in case it rains. 以防下雨，带把伞。难点五、so.that/ so.that 如此以致其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：1so + 形容词副词+ that-从句例：The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。The wind was so strong th

17、at we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。2so + 形容词+ a/ an + 单数名词+ that-从句例：It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。3so + many/ few +复数名词+ that-从句例：I have had so many falls that I am black

18、and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。4so + much/ little +不可数名词+ that-从句例：I had so little money then that I couldnt even afford a used car.我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服

19、。5. 在so + 形容词副词+ that-从句结构中，如将so + 形容词副词位于句首，主谓语要倒装。例：So excited was he that she could not say a word. 他很激动，一句话都说不出来。So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他说得很响，连隔壁的人都能听见。热身练习一、选择题。1. He liked collecting stamps he was a child.A. before B. after C. when D. while2

20、. The table is heavy I cant carry it.A. sothat B. bothand C. neithernor D. enoughthat3. I wont go home I finish my work.A. when B. as C. while D. until4. Not only you but also your father going to the History Museum.A. is B. am C. are D. be5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. c

21、omes B. will come C. is coming D. cameKey: CADAA二、将下面的句子译成英语。1. 我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。I .2. 如果你不认真，你就学不好。You well you are careful.3. 我想知道他回来还是不回来。Id like he will come .4. 这裙子看样子很好，尽管它已经过时了。This dress looks good it is out of date.5. 我离开的时候你能照看我的小狗吗？Can you my pet dog Im ?Key: 1.can neither sing or dance 2. can

22、t study, unless 3. to know whether, or not 4. though/although 5. look after, when, away窗体顶端1 连词2 railway n.铁路 The railway station was big, black and dark. A new railway is being built.3 porter n.搬运工 Did you remember to tip the porter? 你记得给搬运工小费了吗？4 several quantify（数量词） 几个 We found several beautiful

23、 shells on the seashore. 5 foreigner n.外国人6 wonder v.感到奇怪 I wonder who they are.【本课语法】并列句中的语序通过并列连词可以把几个简单句连接起来构成一个并列句。在并列句中，各分句要根据上下文的要求按逻辑次序排列，但各分句都同等重要并独立存在。并列连词可以用来表示另加（and）、对比（but，yet）、选择（or）、连续（and，then）以及结局或结果（so）。however 用在句号的后面, 单独成句, 于前边的句子只有意思上的承接, 没有语法上的承接, 语法上的承接表转折只能用 but一些并列句的连词：and，a

24、nd then，but，so，yet，or，not onlybutas well 不但而且，neithernor 既不也不，eitheror 或者或者，bothand 两者都yet adv. 然而放在句末或句中, 与否定句, 疑问句相连, 并且与现在完成时用得比较多Have you finished yet? yet=but 连词，放在两个句子间, 起转折作用or adv. 或者, 否则Hurry up ,you will be late. /Hurry up, or you will be late.当主语由and或bothand连接, 通常采用复数谓语动词. Both the girl a

25、nd the boy are his friends.当主语由 neither.nor, either.or ,not only.but also 或or 连接时，谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的词一致，在英语语法中，这被称之为“就近原则”，离动词最近的名词是单数, 整个主语就视为单数；离动词最近的名词是复数, 整个主语就视为复数Neither he nor I am going to the airport.Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.1 Hurry up, _ well be late for t

26、he film. A and B but C so D or2 _ Monday_ Tuesday is OK, I will be free then. A Either, or B Neither, nor C So, that D Both, and3 The weather in Britain is_ too cold in winter_ too hot in summer. A either, or B either, and C neither, nor D or, and4 Do you want to do it now _ would you rather put it

27、later? A but B and C or D yet5 He brought to _ his aunt _ his father a lot of happiness. A not only, but also B either, or C neither, nor D both, and6 I felt very tired _ I went to bed early. A and B or C so D butKey：D A C C D C一、选择题。1. He liked collecting stamps he was a child.A. before B. after C.

28、 when D. while2. The table is heavy I cant carry it.A. sothat B. bothand C. neithernor D. enoughthat3. I wont go home I finish my work.A. when B. as C. while D. until4. Not only you but also your father going to the History Museum.A. is B. am C. are D. be5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit u

29、s tomorrow.A. comes B. will come C. is coming D. came6. Dont get off the bus it has stopped.A. until B. if C. to D. for7. Mrs. Smith likes music her husband likes sports.A. while B. or C. for D. so8. None of the shoes in the shop fits me well. They are too big too small.A. both, and B. either, or C.

30、 neither, nor D. not only, but also9. I dont understand the text there are a few new words in it.A. so B. because C. if D. though10. I could speak Japanese Chinese, so I had to talk with him in English.A. not only, but also B. both, and C. neither, nor D. either, orKey: CADAA AABBC二、将下面的句子译成英语。1. 我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。I .2. 如果你不认真，你就学不好。You well you are careful.3. 我想知道他回来还是不回来。Id like he will come .4. 这裙子看样子很好，尽管它已经过时了。This dress looks good it is out of date.5