新课程高考英语专题复习考点总结详解版语法专题突破词法篇之代词.docx

1、新课程高考英语专题复习考点总结详解版语法专题突破词法篇之代词语法专题突破词法篇之代词重温高考考向1人称、物主与反身代词.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _it/running_ a try.解析：考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。2(

2、2018浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _it_ can be to eat out.解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。3(2017浙江)Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from th

3、e house. “She thought I had hurt _myself_(I)，” says Pahlsson.解析：句意为：她原本以为我伤到了自己。根据句意可知用I的反身代词myself。4(2016全国)On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _its_(it) mother.解析：根据空格后的名词及前面的a lively threemonthold twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。5(全国)A few hours before, Id been at ho

4、me in Hong Kong, with _its_(it) choking smog.解析：空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。6(广东)Now it occurred to _him_(he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.解析：It occurred to sb. that.某人突然想到，固定句型，此句型中sb.为宾语，应用宾格形式，故填him。7(新课标全国)Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did

5、anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! Its _me/mine_(I)”解析：此题答案不唯一，要根据语境仔细揣摩。此处的it如果指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的话，那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1(2017全国)This picture often brings back to me many happy memorie

6、s of your high school days._yourmy_解析：句意为：这张照片常常让我想起我高中时的快乐时光。此处是以作者的口吻写的“我的高中时光”。2(2016全国)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books._yourour_解析：根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。3(2016全国)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make dec

7、isions by yourself._yourselfmyself_解析：考查反身代词。根据句意，此处指“我自己”。4(2016四川)When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand._herhis_解析：由前面的When he came back可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。5(全国)We must find ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it._yourour/the_解析：依据前后句的语境及逻

8、辑关系可知，your与上下文相悖，结合句意应当改为our/the才能使句意通顺。6(四川)As I told you last time, I made three new friends here. but Im afraid Ill lose their friendship. What do you think I should do? If you were me, would you talk to him?_himthem_解析：根据上文可知，此处指作者交的三个新朋友，故用them。句意为：你会和他们谈吗？7(全国)A woman saw him crying and told h

9、im to wait outside the shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents._saw后加his_解析：根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语Tony相一致的形容词性物主代词his。8(新课标全国)He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, and he was strong and powerful._himselfhim_解析：set的主语which指代a deep voice，而不是he，故应用宾格him。9(

10、2018全国卷)I had done myself homework but I was shy. _myselfmy/the_解析：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself，或改为定冠词the也可以。10(2018全国卷)They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. _usme_解析：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。考向2替代词及不定代词.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)When th

11、e gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _them_(they) alive. 解析：考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。2(2017全国)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _it_ every day.解析：use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到

12、的the railway。3(辽宁)Keep holding your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let _it_ stay in the air for seconds.解析：根据句意可知此处应填入指代leg的代词。句意为：抬起腿，让它(it)在空中停一会儿。4(广东)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had bee

13、n there before said _it_ was a wonderful holiday destination.解析：从空后的a wonderful holiday destination可知，这个地方就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地点。5(广东)I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had an amazing conversation. It made _both_ of us feel good.解析：根据文意可知，空后的us指上文提到的“the man”和“I”，故此处指这使我们“两个人”都感到很好。.单句改错(

14、每小题仅有1处错误)1(2018全国卷)The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. _anotherother_解析：考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。another表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”，other表示“别的”，“另外的”，只能与复数名词连用。根据后面的animals可知，将another改成other。2(2017全国)Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our

15、school._allboth或去掉all_解析：Mr and Mrs Zhang是两个人，故用both。因both在此作同位语，也可以去掉。all指的是三者或三者以上。3(浙江)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them._themit_解析：由句意可知，此处代替前面的单数名词a beautiful park，故用it。4(陕西)I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party._anythingsomethi

16、ng_解析：考查不定代词something一般用在肯定句中，表示“一些事”；anything一般用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“任何事”。5(四川)Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many._manymuch_解析：根据句意可知，此处指的是花费很多钱， 代指不可数名词，故用much而非many。6(陕西)Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were like rain!

17、_NeitherNone_解析：从后面的“they were like rain”可知，射出去的箭不止两支，因此应把Neither改为None。考点精析考点一人称代词、物主代词和反身代词1人称代词人称代词主格Iyou(你)you(你们)wehesheitthey人称代词宾格meyouyouushimheritthem人称代词主格主语/同位语人称代词作主语时，应用主格形式人称代词宾语表语/宾语人称代词宾格形式作及物动词或介词的宾语人称代词宾格形式在系动词后作表语2物主代词形容词性物主代词myyour(你的)your(你们的)ourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineyoursyou

18、rsyourshishersitstheirs形容词性物主代词(定语)名词形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，置于名词前作定语形容词性物主代词own名词“某人自己的”名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词名词性物主代词后不能接名词在句中作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语Its not my phone. is on the desk.这不是我的手机，我的在桌子上。Shes an old friend of .她是你的一个老朋友。3反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimself，herself，itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves动词/介词oneself/系动词o

19、neself反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语，但不可作主语反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致含反身代词的固定搭配enjoy oneself玩得愉快teach oneself自学behave oneself举止得体seat oneself坐下come to oneself苏醒devote oneself to致力于help oneself to自己取用make oneself at home不拘束by oneself独自地of oneself自动地for oneself为自己in oneself本身考点二it的用法it上文出现的同一个人或事物it与one/that等

20、代词用法在阅读理解的词义猜测题中是考查热点，应特别重视it上文的原文/原物/原人onea(n)单数可数名词ones泛指的复数名词the onethe单数可数名词thatthe单数可数名词/不可数名词the ones/thosethe复数名词I left my electronic dictionary in my drawer, but now it is gone.我把电子词典放在抽屉里，可现在不见了。Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one(a present) that I had never seen.张先生给了我一份非常珍贵的礼物，

21、一份我从来没有见过的(礼物)。The population of China is larger than that(the population) of the United States.中国的人口比美国人口多。The students in Class One are more active than those(the students) in Class Four.一班的学生比四班的学生活跃。it指代说话者不清楚的人/性别不明的婴儿it时间、天气、距离、环境等it作形式主语、代替不定式、动名词或从句It beadj.(of/for sb.)不定式It be no good/use/p

22、leasuredoing sth.做某事没有好处/用处/乐趣It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事It takes(sb.) some time/money to do sth.(某人)花时间/钱做某事It is a pity/a fact/no wonderthat从句很遗憾/事实是/难怪It is said/reported/believed/considered.that从句据说/报道/相信/认为It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that从句某人突然想起 is foolish of you .你太蠢了，又一次犯同样的错误。

23、is no pleasure .观看这些已经不再有趣。 s wonder such a short time.你在如此短的时间完成这么难的任务真是个奇迹。it作形式宾语主语谓语itto do/doing/从句主语like/enjoy/prefer/appreciate/love/hate/dislike等itif/when从句主语think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等itadj./n.(for/of sb.) to do/从句主语think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等ituseless/worthwhile/no us

24、e/no gooddoing.I would appreciate if .如果你用现金支付我将不胜感激。I still find hard .我仍然发现很难与他们交友。it用于固定结构make it成功；设法到达；约定时间manage it设法做成get it明白take it easy别着急as it is照现状as someone put it照某人所说Dont mention it.不客气。believe it or not信不信由你when it comes to.谈到考点三不定代词不同范围下不定式代词的使用都任何(一)都不另外两者botheitherneitherthe other

25、三者或三者以上allanynoneanotherThey both like the film.他们两个都喜欢这部电影。He had lost his temper and his health in the war never found either of them again.他的脾气和健康在战争中变得很差，并且之后再也没恢复过来。This cap is too small for me. Show me another(one)这顶帽子对我来说太小了，给我看一下另外一顶。The old man has two sons. One is a teacher; the other is a

26、 doctor.这位老人有两个儿子，一个是老师，另一个是医生。many，much，few，littlefew“很少人(或事物、地方)”、a few“有些(人、事物、地方)；一些”，指代复数名词little“不多的”，a little“少量的；一些”，指代不可数名词many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数；much表示“许多”，修饰不可数名词none, nothing, no one/nobody的区别none指人或物，表特指，可与of短语连用，对应疑问词how many/muchnothing指物，表泛指，不与of短语连用，对应疑问句whatno one/nobody指代人，表泛指，不与of短语连用

27、，对应疑问句whoMy brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.我哥哥想买一块手表，但是那个商店没有一块好的。Michael waited for an hour, but no one came.迈克尔等了一个小时，但是没有人来。代词的部分否定和全部否定all, both, everyone, everybody，everything以及“every名词” 与not连用时，表部分否定no one, nobody, none, neither, not.any/either以及“n

28、o名词”表全部否定not与总括性副词，如：everywhere, always等连用时，也表示部分否定Not all the books are useful./All the books are not useful.并非所有书都有用。Not both books are interesting./Both books are not interesting.并非两本书都有趣。Every student doesnt go to school on Sunday.并非每个学生周日都去学校。Not everybody in our class likes reading.并非我们班的每个人都喜

29、欢阅读。He knows not everything about it.他对此事并非全都知道。考点四习惯搭配中的不定代词nothing but仅仅；只是anything but决不each other(两者)互相one another(三者或以上)互相one after another一个接一个every other day每隔一天some.others.一些另一些some., the others.一些，其余的全部one.，the others.一个，其余的全部some.some.others.有些，有些，另一些考点集训.单句语法填空1Its a tiring job. I have to

30、 work whenever there are dogs at home, and no time to enjoy _myself_(I)2Jack and Tom are good friends and _they_ are in the same class.3When living overseas in a place where people speak a different language, _it_ can be difficult to make yourself understood.4The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _that_ in any other