介词1.docx

1、介词1小学英语介词总结介词（Preposition）一、 概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。2、 常用介词的基本用法简单介词（由一个单词构成）如at, from, by, under, near等。复合介词（由介词与介词或其他词合成的一个介词）into, inside, outside, within等。双重介词（由两个简单介词联合形成）如from across, since before等。短语介词（由两个或两个以上构成的介词词组）如because of , instead of 等。1.

2、表示地点位置的介词 1)at ,in, on, to，for at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁边” in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。 to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到” 2)above, over, on 在上 above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； The bird is flying above my head. over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 There is a bridge over the river. on表示某物体上面并

3、与之接触。 He put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在下面 under表示在正下方There is a cat under the table. below表示在下，不一定在正下方 Please write your name below the line. 4)in front of, in the front of在前面 in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。 There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。)

4、 in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) 5）beside，behind beside 表示在旁边 behind 表示在后面2.表示时间的介词 1)in , on，at 在时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（

5、非特指）的早、中、晚等。如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on Christmas ,on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节

6、等。 如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of ， at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. 2)表示延续时间的介词“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后； He will be back in two hours.for 历时. 之久 Lisa studies English for two ho

7、urs after school.since 自从.以来，通常与完成时连用 They have been close friends since childhood 时间名词前介词用法口诀 年前月前要用in 具体日子要用on 遇到几号也用on 上午下午得是in 要说某日上下午 用on换in记清楚 午夜黄昏用at 黎明用它也不错 at用在时分前 说“差”可要用上to(比如：3：55 为five to four) 说过要用past(如：4:05，five past four)3.表示运动方向的介词： across, through 通过，穿过 across表示横过,即从物体表面通过 across

8、the roadthrough穿过,即从物体内部穿过 go through the forest4.表示“在之间”的介词： between指在两个人或两个事物之间； among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。5.表示其他意义的介词 1)on ,about 关于 on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；He is writing a book on biology.about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。He is reading a book about English. 2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以方法、手段或泛指

9、某种交通工具； by bus with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；He writes with a pen. in 表示用方式，用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；Can you say it in English? I go to school in my fathers car. 3)except, besides 除了 except 除之外，不包括在内；Except for Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去) besides 除之外，包括在内。 Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the

10、film.(王先生也去了)三、 介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用at arrive at/in到达at first起初；开始get off下车at last最后help sb. With sth.帮组某人做某事at school在上课，在上学ask for请求at the moment此刻get up起床at home在家；无拘束laugh at嘲笑at present现在learn from向学习at work上班，在工作look after照顾at the same time同时look for寻找 think for想到 worry about担心on duty值日

11、listen to听谁on holiday度假look at看；注视on time准时talk about交谈；谈on the left/right在左/右边wait for等候；等on the radio在广播中thank for为而感谢on foot步行 on sale出售；降价出售3)形容词和介词连用on TV在电视上播放be afraid of害怕on the phone在电话中be careful with小心；关心on the way在路上be interested in对感兴趣 be good at善于in all总体be crazy about酷爱in class在课堂上be

12、late for做某事迟到in English用英语be good for对有利in short总之4）其他in a hurry匆忙地by+交通工具in the end最后by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/landin bed躺在床上lots of/a lot of许多，大量in danger在危险中at most至多in fact事实上at least至少in time及时地at once立刻；马上in a minute立刻 in order to为了初中英语介词专项练习题1( ) 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas an

13、d _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981.A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4 Tim suddenly returned_ a rainy

14、 night.A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5 My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935.A. on B. in C. at D. of( ) 6 The train is starting_five minutes.A. in B. at C. for D.still( ) 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening.A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on2( ) 1 The population of the world has gr

15、own very fast _ four hundred years.A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past( ) 2 We returned to our hometown_.A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week3( ) 1 Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day.A. in B. on C. for D. at( ) 2 _ a cold winter morn

16、ing, I met her in the street.A. In B. On C. At D. For( ) 3 It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meeting.A. at B. on C. with D. of( ) 4 Why did you get up so early _ this morning.A. on B. / C. at D. in4( ) 1 He went to Shanghai_ September 3rd, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last

17、 year.A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia( ) 2 Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. . .A. on B. in C. at D. to( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996.A.on B. of C. to, D. in( ) 4 _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning(哀悼)_Joe Hill.A. On; to B. In

18、; of . C. On; for , D. At; for( ) 5 Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992.A. /; in i B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in( ) 6 They started off_an autumn afternoon.A. during B. at C. in D. on5( ) 1 He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning.A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to( ) 2

19、 He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on( ) 3 The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten.A: in B. at C. on D. of( ) 4 The children get up _ 6 oclock.A. at B. on C. during D. in6( ) 1 The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest.A. for; w

20、ith B. on; withoutC. about; having D. for; without( ) 2 I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out_myself_ last.A. for; by; at B. in; with; onC. on; by; in D. for; for; at the( ) 3 A new factory will be set up_ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on( ) 4 Two years_ he began to write anot

21、her story-book.A. after B. later ; C. in D. late( ) 5 We will finish the picture _ a day.A. in B. on C. after D. on( ) 6 The workers had been_ strike_almost a month.A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during( ) 7 Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours before they finally found him.A. on; for

22、B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during7( ) 1 The teacher is coming back_ an hour.A. after B. for C. in D. before( ) 2 She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950.A. between B. during C. in D. since( ) 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days.A. after B. in C. on D. before( ) 4 The America

23、n Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end.A. by B. at C. in D. on8( ) 7 Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home.A. until B. by C. at D. when( ) 2 We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned.A. till B. by C. during D. while91 Dont worry. He will return_.A. before long B.

24、 long before C. long long ago D. long ago2 There lived an old man, fishing at sea_.A. long before B. before long C. long time ago D. soon3 It was not _ they came back.A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after4 I was told that his uncle had gone to France_ .A. long before -B. sh

25、ortly after C. before long D. long ago10( ) 1 _ Tom gets up at five in the morning.A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times( ) 2 I remember we met each other_ last year.A. Sometime B. some times C. some time D. sometimes( ) 3 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall,_.A. sometime B. some ti

26、me C. sometimes D. some times( ) 4 He studied English for _ in London, and then he went to America.A. sometimes B. sometime newB. some time B. some times11( ) 1 I dont like to sit _ Toms right. I would like to sit _ the back row.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on( ) 2 There is a brook_ red flow

27、ers and green grass_ both sides. A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in( ) 3 There are many trees _ of the road! And _ of the trees isgrowing larger and larger. .A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number12( ) 1 The plane is f

28、lying _.A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky( ) 2 There is a sweet smell_.A. in the air B. in the open airC. in the sky D. in the space( ) 3 We held an interesting party_.A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space( ) 4 Seen from_, the earth appears to be a big blue ball

29、.A. the space B. space C. a space D. this space13( ) 1 Tom sits_the classroom while John sits_the room.A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of( ) 2 Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left.A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D

30、. in; on( ) 3 Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on14( ) 1. -Can I look up a word_ your dictionary?-I havent got it _me.A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on( ) 2 I like mooncakes _ meat _ them.A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in( ) 3 When you are _ trouble please ask help _ us.A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of( ) 4 The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes_ your size.A. about B. in C. to D. of( ) 5 I saw him_hurry just no